A sail plan is a drawing of a sailing craft, viewed from the side, depicting its sails, the spars that carry them and some of the rigging that supports the rig.[1] By extension, "sail plan" describes the arrangement of sails on a craft.[2][3] A sailing craft may be waterborne (a ship or boat), an iceboat, or a sail-powered land vehicle.
Purpose edit
Depending on the level of detail, a sail plan can be a visual inventory of the suit of sails that a sailing craft or it may be part of a construction drawing. The sail plan may provide the basis for calculating the center of effort on a sailing craft, necessary to compare with the center of resistance from the hull in the water or the wheels or runners on hard surfaces. Such a calculation involves the area of each sail and its geometric center, referenced from a specific point.[4]
Choice of rig edit
Choosing a sail plan for a displacement watercraft stemmed from the size and tonnage of the vessel, its purpose (working vessel, cargo vessel or yacht) and the anticipated winds in the region where it was expected to sail. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, sail plans might start from smallest to largest boat or ship in a hierarchy:[5][2]
- Yachts:
- Working boats and coastal freighters:
- Ocean-going merchant vessels:
- Brig with two square-rigged masts
- Brigantine with square-rigged foremast and fore-and aft mizzen
- Barque with two square-rigged masts and a fore-and-aft mizzen
- Barquentine with one square-rigged mast and two fore-and-aft masts behind
- Full-rigged ship with three or more masts with square sails on each
Sail inventory edit
Considerations for a sail inventory in a yacht include the type of sailing (cruising, racing, passage-making, etc.) and the weather conditions anticipated. An assessment starts with a sail plan that depicts each kind of sail under consideration. The sail plan becomes a guide for which sails to use under the anticipated weather conditions, while under way. Each sail has a separate set of considerations within the plan, for example with a performance sloop one may consider the following about its suit of sails:[6]
- Mainsail: Lazy jacks, reefing points and battens
- Jib: Roller furling or reefing
- Spinnakers and drifters: Draft, weight and (a)symmetry address their applications
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Sail plan". Collins English Dictionary. 2023.
- ^ a b Folkard, Henry Coleman (2012). Sailing Boats from Around the World: The Classic 1906 Treatise. Dover Maritime. Courier Corporation. p. 576. ISBN 9780486311340.
- ^ Committee, Cruising Club of America Technical (1987). Desirable and Undesirable Characteristics of Offshore Yachts. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 161. ISBN 978-0-393-03311-3.
- ^ Symonds, A. A. (1938). An Introduction to Yacht Design. E. Arnold & Company. ISBN 978-1-4733-8976-2.
- ^ Chapelle, Howard I. (1936). Yacht Designing and Planning for Yachtsmen, Students and Amateurs. New York: Norton. ISBN 978-1-4474-8252-9.
- ^ Greene, Danny (December 1986). Upgrading Your Sail Plan. Cruising World. pp. 47–52.