Notes for possible article changes- Vocal cord cyst edit
- add an epidemiology section to the article
-rework the diagnosis section (change around the order of the information to first introduce how a diagnosis occurs, and then differentiate between the two types of vocal fold cysts (using the terminology introduced in the new section created, so that it is clearer through the whole article)
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Re-working of the "Diagnosis" section - Vocal cord cyst edit
There are generally four components included in a full diagnosis: a medical and voice history, a head and neck exam, a perceptual assessment of the voice and imaging of the vocal folds.[1] A medical and voice history can help distinguish patterns of misuse and phonotrauma to assist in diagnosis.[2]The primary perceptual sign of vocal fold cysts is hoarseness of the voice.[2] Diagnosis through perceptual means alone is difficult, therefore in the fourth component of diagnosis the patient often undergoes an imaging procedure.[3][4] Imaging is most commonly done with laryngeal videostroboscopy.[1] A videostrobosopy is an examination of the vocal folds that using flashes of light to slow down the image of the vocal fold movement enough to provide a sharp picture of the phases of the movement cycle (mucosal wave.)[5] This procedure provides information about vocal fold vibrations during speech, vocal intensity and vocal frequency.[1] Imaging shows the reduced movement of the vocal folds (mucosal wave) when a vocal fold cyst is present.[1]More recently, other technologies have been introduced to assist with obtaining imaging of the vocal folds, including the use of Narrow-band imaging (NBI.)[4] Narrow-band imaging involves the use of blue and yellow lights to improve the picture quality of an image and accentuate blood vessel visibility, and has been found to help improve visual identification of vocal fold cysts in some cases.[4]
Vocal fold cysts can be differentiated from other vocal fold growths as they are usually unilateral.[2] The two types of vocal fold cysts (sub-epithelial and ligament cysts) can be differentiated by colour, size and location.[6][7] (See section on Types of vocal fold cysts for more information.)
Patients with vocal fold cysts are considered for surgery when presenting with:
- Dysphonia
- Lack of improvement through voice therapy
Epidemiology section for vocal cord cyst page edit
Congenital cysts of the vocal folds tend to be infrequent, although research suggests that some cases of congenital cysts may not be identified at birth unless they interfere noticeably with voice quality or breathing.[8]
Sources edit
- ^ a b c d Johns, Michael M. (2003-12-10). "Update on the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of vocal fold nodules, polyps, and cysts". Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery. 11 (6): 456–461. doi:10.1097/00020840-200312000-00009. ISSN 1068-9508.
- ^ a b c Franco, Ramon A.; Andrus, Jennifer G. (October 2007). "Common Diagnoses and Treatments in Professional Voice Users". Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America. 40 (5): 1025–1061. doi:10.1016/j.otc.2007.05.008. ISSN 0030-6665.
- ^ Blake., Simpson, C. (2008). Operative techniques in laryngology. Rosen, Clark A. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 9783540681076. OCLC 288469954.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
:2was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ H.,, Colton, Raymond (2011). Understanding voice problems : a physiological perspective for diagnosis and treatment. Casper, Janina K.,, Leonard, Rebecca, (Fourth edition ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9781609138745. OCLC 660546194.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Blake., Simpson, C. (2008). Operative techniques in laryngology. Rosen, Clark A. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 9783540681076. OCLC 288469954.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ J, Bohlender. "GMS | GMS Current Topics in Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery | Diagnostic and therapeutic pitfalls in benign vocal fold diseases". doi:10.3205/cto000093. PMC 3884536. PMID 24403969.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ Cite error: The named reference
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Sources for diagnosis[1]
Source for resting after surgery[2]
Source for epidemiology- amount of females and voice users[3]
Source for epidemiology- female voice users 1[4]
Source for textbook- children likelihood[5]
- ^ Naunheim, Matthew R.; Carroll, Thomas L. (December 2017). "Benign vocal fold lesions". Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery. 25 (6): 453–458. doi:10.1097/moo.0000000000000408. ISSN 1068-9508.
- ^ Behrman, Alison; Sulica, Lucian (2003-12). "Voice rest after microlaryngoscopy: current opinion and practice". The Laryngoscope. 113 (12): 2182–2186. doi:10.1097/00005537-200312000-00026. ISSN 0023-852X. PMID 14660924.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Cohen, Oded; Tzelnick, Sharon; Galitz, Yael Shapira; Shoffel-Havakuk, Hagit; Hain, Moshe; Halperin, Doron; Lahav, Yonatan (2017-01-11). "Potential Causative Factors for Saccular Disorders: Association with Smoking and Other Laryngeal Pathologies". Journal of Voice. 31 (5): 621–627. doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.01.004. ISSN 0892-1997.
- ^ Altman, Kenneth W. (2007-10). "Vocal Fold Masses". Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America. 40 (5): 1091–1108. doi:10.1016/j.otc.2007.05.011. ISSN 0030-6665.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ H.,, Colton, Raymond ([2011], ©2011). Understanding voice problems : a physiological perspective for diagnosis and treatment. Casper, Janina K.,, Leonard, Rebecca, (Fourth edition ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9781609138745. OCLC 660546194.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help); Check date values in:|date=(help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)