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"PHL" redirects here. For other uses, see PHL (disambiguation).

"Philadelphia Airport" redirects here. For other airports serving Philadelphia, see List of airports in the Philadelphia area. For the airport in Mississippi, see Philadelphia Municipal Airport.

Philadelphia International Airport
IATA: PHL ICAO: KPHL FAA LID: PHL WMO: 72408
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	City of Philadelphia
Operator	Philadelphia Department of Commerce, Division of Aviation
Serves	Delaware Valley
Location	Philadelphia / Tinicum Township, Pennsylvania, United States
Hub for	American Airlines Milestone Airlines UPS Airlines
Focus city for	Frontier Airlines
Elevation AMSL	36 ft / 11 m
Coordinates	39°52′19″N 075°14′28″W
Website	www.phl.org
Maps
FAA airport diagram
PHL Location within Philadelphia PHL PHL (Pennsylvania) PHL PHL (the United States)
Runways
Direction Length Surface ft m 8/26 5,000 1,524 Asphalt 9L/27R 9,500 2,896 Asphalt 9R/27L 10,506 3,202 Asphalt 17/35 6,500 1,981 Asphalt
Statistics (2015)
Aircraft operations 411,368 Total passengers 31,444,403 Cargo (metric tons) 403,783.9 Main Airlines American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Frontier Airlines, Southwest Airlines, United Airlines
Source: Airports Council International PHL Airport

Philadelphia International Airport (IATA: PHL, ICAO: KPHL, FAA LID: PHL), often referred to just by its IATA code PHL, is a major airport in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, and is the largest airport in the Delaware Valley region and in the state. The airport is a major international hub for American Airlines and a regional cargo hub for UPS Airlines. Philadelphia International Airport is also a focus city for ultra low cost airline Frontier Airlines. The airport has service to destinations in the United States, Canada, the Caribbean, Latin America, Europe and the Middle East. Most of the airport property is located in Philadelphia proper. The international terminal and the western end of the airfield are located in Tinicum Township, Delaware County.

History

Starting in 1925 the Pennsylvania National Guard used the PHL site (known as Hog Island) as a training airfield. The site was dedicated as the "Philadelphia Municipal Airport" by Charles Lindbergh in 1927, but it had no proper terminal building until 1940; airlines used the airfield (at 39.930°N 75.078°W / 39.930; -75.078) in nearby Camden, New Jersey. Once Philadelphia's terminal was completed (on the east side of the field) American, Eastern, TWA and United began flights.

In 1947 and 1950 the airport had runways 4, 9, 12 and 17, all of 5400 ft or less. In 1956 runway 9 was 7284 ft; in 1959 it was 9499 ft and runway 12 was closed. Not much change occurred until the early 1970s, when runway 4 was closed and 9R opened with 10500 ft.

On June 20, 1940, the airport's weather station became as the official point for Philadelphia weather observations and records by the National Weather Service.

World War II use

During World War II the United States Army Air Forces used the airport as a First Air Force training airfield.

Beginning in 1940 the Coatesville-based Rising Sun School of Aeronautics performed primary flight training at the airport under contract to the Air Corps. After the Pearl Harbor Attack, the I Fighter Command Philadelphia Fighter Wing provided air defense of the Delaware Valley area from the airport. Throughout the war, various fighter and bomber groups were organized and trained at Philadelphia airport and assigned to the Philadelphia Fighter Wing before being sent to advanced training airfields or being deployed overseas. Known units assigned were the 33d, 58th, 355th and 358th Fighter Groups.

In June 1943 I Fighter Command transferred jurisdiction of the airport to the Air Technical Service Command (ATSC). ATSC established a sub-depot of the Middletown Air Depot at the airport. The 855th Army Air Forces Specialized Depot unit repaired and overhauled aircraft and returned them to active service, and the Army Air Forces Training Command established the Philco Training School on January 1, 1943, which trained personnel in radio repair and operations.

During 1945 the Air Force reduced its use of the airport and it was returned to civil control that September.

Commercial use

US Airways Airbus A330 landing at PHL, as seen from Fort Mifflin

Philadelphia Municipal became Philadelphia International in 1945, when American Overseas Airlines began direct flights to Europe. (For a short time AOA's flights skipped the New York stop; that was probably Philadelphia's only international nonstop until Pan Am tried nonstops to Europe in 1961.) A new terminal opened in December 1953; the oldest parts of the present terminal complex (B and C) were built in the late '50s.

The April 1957 OAG shows 30 weekday departures on Eastern, 24 TWA, 24 United, 18 American, 16 National, 14 Capital, 6 Allegheny and 3 Delta. To Europe, five Pan Am DC-6Bs a week via Idlewild and Boston and two TWA 749As a week via Idlewild; one TWA flight continued to Ceylon. Eastern and National had nonstops to Miami, but the TWA 1049G to LAX (started 1956) was the only nonstop beyond Chicago.

Terminal B/C modernization was completed in 1970, Terminal D opened in 1973 and Terminal E in 1977; the $300 million expansion was designed by Arnold Thompson Associates, Inc. and Vincent G. Kling & Associates.

In the 1980s PHL hosted several hubs. The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 allowed regional carrier Altair Airlines to create a small hub at PHL using Fokker F-28s. Altair began in 1967 with flights to cities such as Rochester, New York, Hartford, Connecticut and to Florida until it ceased operations in November 1982. In the mid-1980s Eastern Air Lines opened a hub in Concourse C. The airline declined in the late 1980s and sold aircraft and gate leases to Chicago-based Midway Airlines. Midway operated its Philadelphia hub until it ceased operation in 1991. During the 1980s US Airways (then called USAir) built a hub at PHL.

US Airways became the dominant carrier at PHL during the 1980s and 1990s and shifted most of its hub operations from Pittsburgh to Philadelphia in 2003. As of 2013 PHL was US Airways' largest international hub. As of January 2013, the lease agreement underlying US Airways operations at PHL will expire at the end of June 2015.

In July 1999 the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) and several U.S. federal government agencies selected a route for the connecting ramps from the northbound and southbound portions of Interstate 95 to the Terminal A-West complex, then under development; the agency tried to avoid the John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge at Tinicum. However K/B Fund II, the owner of the International Plaza complex, formerly the Scott Paper headquarters Scott Plaza, objected to the proposed routing. K/B Fund II argued that the proposed routing would interfere with the International Plaza development. It entered a filing in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit to challenge the proposed routing. In 2000 the airport attempted to acquire the complex for $90 million but Tinicum Township commissioners stopped the deal from going forward, citing concerns of a loss of tax revenue for the township and the Interboro School District, which serves Tinicum, as well as noise pollution concerns.

In 2002, construction on the controversial new entrance ramps went forward. The new ramps eliminated the traffic signal and stop intersections previously encountered by northbound I-95 motorists who had to exit onto Route 291 to reach the airport. The project consisted of six new bridges, more than 4,300 linear feet of retaining walls, and 7.7-lane miles of new pavement. The project also included new highway lighting, overhead sign structures, landscaping and the paving of Bartram Avenue. Also under the project, PennDot resurfaced I-95 between Route 420 and Island Avenue and constructed a truck enforcement and park-and-ride facility. In 2003, Terminal A-West opened to passengers; the terminal was complemented by a 1,500-space parking garage. Construction of the terminal was funded with proceeds from airport revenue bonds that were sold by the Philadelphia Authority for Industrial Development.

By 2005, there were two studies that dealt with expanding runway capacity at PHL: the Runway 17–35 Extension Project EIS and the PHL Capacity Enhancement Program EIS. Completed in May 2009, the Runway 17-35 Extension Project extended runway 17–35 to a length of 6,500 ft (2,000 m), extending it at both ends and incorporating the proper runway safety areas. Other changes made with the Runway 17–35 Extension Project included additional taxiways and aprons, relocation of perimeter service roads, and modifications to nearby public roads.

Today Philadelphia International Airport is one of the busiest airports in the world and among the fastest growing in the United States. Its status as a US Airways hub and the growth of Southwest Airlines and other low-cost carriers have helped passenger traffic to reach record levels. In 2004, a total of 28,507,420 passengers flew through Philadelphia, up 15.5% over 2003. In 2005, 31,502,855 passengers flew through PHL, marking a 10% increase since 2004. In 2006, 31,768,272 passengers travelled through PHL, a 0.9% increase.

Future expansion

Aerial view of construction of runway 8/26

Such growth has not come without difficulties. There are questions as to how much more passenger growth can occur. The airport's present terminal and runway layout are reaching full utilization and PHL remains the world's largest airport without an inground fueling system thus requiring fuel to be trucked to each airplane. These two factors have led to congestion and delays. Additionally, the airport's parking facilities have been severely taxed. Exhaustion of all 17,000 parking spaces at the airport has become a regular occurrence. However, airport officials have ambitious plans for terminal and runway expansion.

The Capacity Enhancement Program has a much larger scope and is considering more drastic ways to increase runway capacity. On December 30, 2010, a 13-year $5.2 billion project that would have extended the two main runways and added one new runway was passed by the FAA. The project would also create two new passenger terminals, the first terminal will be built where the current terminal complex is located and the second terminal will be built across from the current terminal complex. The project was also going to relocate the UPS facility and redevelop cargo city, the cargo complex at PHL. The redesigned UPS facility would have required demolition of several houses of nearby Tinicum Township. But after much resistance by the residents of those homes, an agreement was made to keep the homes and expand the airport elsewhere. The new project will now cost $6.4 billion.

Southwest Airlines, the fastest growing airline for several years after beginning service to PHL in 2004, worked with the city and the airport to expand and improve its facilities. Southwest recently built a joint ticket counter lobby for the D and E terminals, one large security check point for the two terminals and additional concessions. A hammerhead expansion to the E concourse was finished in February 2010. However, Southwest subsequently ended nonstop service to PHL from most of its non-focus cities due to competition with US Airways. The January 2013 lease extension obtained by US Airways was contingent on a number of future enhancements, and the lease renewal provided some funding.

Air traffic and rankings

With 432,884 aircraft movements in 2013, Philadelphia International Airport ranks 15th busiest in the world in terms of aircraft movements. In 2010, 30,775,961 passengers passed through Philadelphia International Airport, a 0.3% increase compared to 2009.

Economic impact

Philadelphia International Airport is important to Philadelphia, its metropolitan region and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The Commonwealth's Aviation Bureau reported in its Pennsylvania Air Service Monitor that the total economic impact made by the state's airports in 2004 was $22 billion. PHL alone accounted for $14 billion or 63% of total. The calculations include both direct spending and the multiplier effect of that spending throughout the state's economy.

Terminals

Interior of Terminal A West

Terminal as seen from arriving airplane

Terminal F

Philadelphia International Airport has seven terminal buildings, which are divided into seven lettered concourses, which together contain 124 gates total. As of late November 2015, it is possible to walk to each terminal airside. Terminal F, completed in 2003, was originally not connected to the rest of the terminal complex, and gates could only be accessed by a separate TSA Security Checkpoint or by shuttle buses between Terminal F and Terminal C using gate C16, an old American Eagle gate and between Terminal F and Terminal A, at gate A1. With the opening of the secure connector, these shuttle services remain. There is a large shopping/dining area between Concourses B and C. There are no luggage storage facilities at the airport. As part of Philadelphia International Airport's US$6.4 billion expansion plans, an automated people mover is expected to be built by the year 2022, as part of the 25 year airport expansion project, to move passengers between terminals.

Terminal A West

One of the two newest terminal buildings at the airport, Concourse A West has a very modern and innovative design, made by Kohn Pedersen Fox, Pierce Goodwin Alexander & Linville and Kelly/Maiello. Opened in 2003 as the new international terminal, it is now home to American Airlines; domestic and international, British Airways, Icelandair (begins May 30, 2017), Lufthansa and Qatar Airways. It offers a variety of international dining options.

International Arrivals (except from locations with Customs preclearance) are processed at the Terminal A West arrival building.

Terminal A West contains 13 gates: A14 to A26.

Terminal A East

This terminal, originally the airport's international terminal, is now used by American Airlines domestic and international flights, Frontier Airlines (international arrivals), Spirit Airlines and Sunwing Airlines. A-East is well maintained and recently received an upgrade to its baggage claim facilities. Most of the gates in this terminal are equipped to handle international arrivals and the passengers are led to the customs facility in terminal A-West. It opened in 1990. The security entrance was significantly enlarged in 2012.

Terminal A-East contains 11 gates: A2 to A13 (except A5; the American Eagle shuttle bus stop is designated A1).

Terminals B and C

Terminals B and C are the two main terminals used by American Airlines They were renovated at a cost of $135 million in 1998, which was designed by DPK&A Architects, LLP. They are connected by a shopping mall and food court named the Philadelphia Marketplace. Remodeling has begun in the gate areas, although these cosmetic changes will not solve the space problems at many of the gates. Overall, the facilities are fairly modern and dining options on the concourses are also available. They are the oldest terminals and opened in 1953.

Terminal B contains 15 gates: B1 to B16 (except B12) and Terminal C contains 15 gates: C17 to C31.

Terminal D

Terminal D and Terminal E were upgraded in late 2008 with a new concourse connecting the two terminals while providing combined security, a variety of shops and restaurants and a link between Baggage Claims D and E. It originally opened in 1973. This is the inverse of the connector between Terminals B and C, which comprises a combined ticket hall but separate security facilities. Terminal D is home to Air Canada, Alaska Airlines, Delta Air Lines and United Airlines. This terminal is connected to the shopping area of Terminals B/C through a post-security walkway.

Terminal D contains 16 gates: D1 to D16.

Terminal E

Terminal E is home to Frontier Airlines, JetBlue Airways and Southwest Airlines. Terminal E is also home to Delta Air Lines and Delta Connection ticketing. The departing gates for Delta Air Lines and Delta Connection are located in Concourse D. It opened in 1977.

Terminal E contains 17 gates: E1 to E17.

Terminal F (Concourses 1, 2, and 3)

Terminal F is a regional terminal used by American Eagle flights. It includes special jet bridges that allow passengers to board regional jets without walking on the tarmac. Opened in 2001, Terminal F is the second newest terminal building at PHL. It was designed by Odell Associates, Inc. and The Sheward Partnership.

When Terminal F opened in 2001, it contained 10,000 sq ft (930 m²) of space for concessions.

Terminal F contains 38 gates: F1 to F39 (except F8; the American Eagle shuttle bus stop is designated F10; and there is an additional gate labeled F22A).

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Airlines	Destinations	Terminal
Air Canada Express	Montréal–Trudeau, Toronto–Pearson	D
Air France	Paris–Charles de Gaulle	D
Alaska Airlines	Seattle/Tacoma	C
American Airlines	Amsterdam, Aruba, Atlanta, Austin, Bermuda, Boston, Cancún, Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Detroit, Dublin, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Hartford, Houston–Intercontinental, Indianapolis, Jacksonville (FL), Las Vegas, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Madrid, Manchester (UK), Miami, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Montego Bay, Munich, Nassau, New York–LaGuardia, Orlando, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Pittsburgh, Providence, Punta Cana, Raleigh/Durham, Rome–Fiumicino, Richmond, Salt Lake City, San Diego, San Francisco, San Juan, Seattle/Tacoma, St. Maarten, Tampa, Washington–National, West Palm Beach, Wilmington (NC) Seasonal: Athens, Barcelona, Frankfurt, Freeport, Glasgow, Grand Cayman, Kansas City, Lisbon, Portland (OR), Providenciales, San José de Costa Rica, Santo Domingo–Las Américas, St. Louis, St. Lucia, St. Thomas, Shannon, Venice	A, B, C, D
American Eagle	Akron/Canton, Albany, Allentown, Atlanta, Baltimore, Bangor, Binghamton (ends February 16, 2017), Birmingham (AL), Boston, Buffalo, Burlington (VT), Charleston (SC), Charleston (WV), Charlotte, Charlottesville (VA), Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbia (SC), Columbus (OH), Dayton, Detroit, Elmira/Corning (ends February 16, 2017), Erie, Fort Lauderdale, Grand Rapids, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Halifax (ends January 8, 2017), Harrisburg, Hartford, Indianapolis, Ithaca, Jacksonville (FL), Kansas City, Knoxville, Lexington, Long Island/Islip, Louisville, Manchester (NH), Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Milwaukee, Montréal–Trudeau, Myrtle Beach, Nashville, New Haven, Newark (ends February 16, 2017), Newburgh, Newport News, New Orleans, New York–LaGuardia, Norfolk, Ottawa, Pittsburgh, Portland (ME), Providence, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Roanoke, Rochester (NY), St. Louis, Salisbury (MD), Savannah, State College, Syracuse, Toronto–Pearson, Washington–National, Watertown (NY), Wilkes–Barre/Scranton, Williamsport, Wilmington (NC) Seasonal: Augusta (GA), Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Freeport, Houston–Intercontinental, Québec City	F, G
British Airways	London–Heathrow	D
Delta Air Lines	Atlanta, Detroit, London–Heathrow, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Salt Lake City Seasonal: Paris–Charles de Gaulle	C
Delta Connection	Cincinnati, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–JFK, Raleigh/Durham Seasonal: Detroit	C
Emirates	Dubai–International	D
Frontier Airlines	Cancún, Charlotte, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental (begins March 13, 2017), Miami, New Orleans, Orlando, Punta Cana, Raleigh/Durham, Tampa Seasonal: Austin, Cincinnati, Kansas City, Milwaukee, Nashville, Punta Gorda/Fort Myers, San Antonio, St. Augustine, West Palm Beach (begins March 13, 2017)	E
Icelandair	Seasonal: Reykjavík–Keflavík (begins May 30, 2017)	D
KLM	Amsterdam	D
Korean Air	Seoul–Incheon	D
Japan Airlines	Tokyo–Narita	D
JetBlue	Boston, Fort Lauderdale	E
Lufthansa operated by Lufthansa CityLine	Frankfurt	D
Milestone Airlines	Accra, Albuquerque, Amsterdam, Antigua, Aruba, Atlanta, Austin, Barcelona, Bermuda Seasonal: Anchorage, Athens, Stockholm–Arlanda	A, B, C, D
Milestone breez	Albany, Allentown, Atlanta, Hartford, Wilkes–Barre/Scranton Seasonal: Nantucket	F, G
Qatar Airways	Doha	D
Southwest Airlines	Atlanta, Chicago–Midway, Dallas–Love, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Las Vegas, Nashville, Orlando, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, St. Louis, Tampa, West Palm Beach	E
Spirit Airlines	Atlanta, Dallas/Fort Worth, Detroit, Fort Lauderdale, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Orlando Seasonal: Minneapolis/St. Paul, Myrtle Beach	E
United Airlines	Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, San Francisco	C
United Express	Chicago–O'Hare, Washington–Dulles Seasonal: Houston–Intercontinental	C

^1 All international arrivals are handled at Terminal A.

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
DHL Aviation operated by Air Transport International	Cincinnati
DHL Aviation operated by Southern Air	Cincinnati
FedEx Express	Boston, Indianapolis, Memphis, Pittsburgh, Washington–Dulles
FedEx Feeder operated by Mountain Air Cargo	Newark
Kalitta Air	Seasonal: Ontario
Kalitta Charters	Cincinnati
UPS Airlines	Albany, Albany (GA), Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago–O'Hare, Chicago/Rockford, Cologne/Bonn, Columbia (SC), Des Moines, Detroit, East Midlands, Harrisburg, Hartford, London–Stansted, Louisville, Manchester (NH), Miami, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–JFK, Oakland, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Pittsburgh, Portland (OR), Richmond, San Jose (CA), St. Petersburg/Clearwater Seasonal: Providence

Statistics

Top destinations

Destinations with direct service from PHL

Busiest Domestic Routes from PHL (October 2015 – September 2016)

Rank	City	Passengers	Carriers
1	Atlanta, Georgia	888,000	American/US Airways, Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit
2	Orlando, Florida	827,000	American/US Airways, Frontier, Southwest
3	Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois	742,000	American/US Airways, Frontier, Spirit, United
4	Boston, Massachusetts	610,000	American/US Airways, JetBlue
5	Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas	525,000	American/US Airways, Spirit
6	Charlotte, North Carolina	444,000	American/US Airways, Frontier
7	Miami, Florida	406,000	American/US Airways, Frontier
8	Phoenix, Arizona	389,000	American/US Airways, Southwest
9	Denver, Colorado	372,000	American/US Airways, Frontier, Southwest, United
10	Las Vegas, Nevada	349,000	American/US Airways, Southwest, Spirit

Busiest International Routes to and from PHL (2015)

Rank	Airport	Passengers	Annual Change	Carriers
1	London (Heathrow), United Kingdom	455,663	022.7%	American/US Airways, British Airways, Delta
2	Cancún, Mexico	343,213	010.9%	American/US Airways, Frontier
3	Toronto (Pearson), Canada	283,284	010.2%	Air Canada, American/US Airways
4	Frankfurt, Germany	262,719	011.0%	American/US Airways, Lufthansa
5	Punta Cana, Dominican Republic	236,667	013.0%	American/US Airways, Frontier
6	Montego Bay, Jamaica	169,199	08.7%	American/US Airways, Frontier
7	Paris (Charles de Gaulle), France	160,607	00.8%	American/US Airways, Delta
8	Tel Aviv, Israel	157,242	03.9%	American/US Airways
9	Rome (Fiumicino), Italy	148,534	03.2%	American/US Airways
10	Doha, Qatar	145,971	027.0%	Qatar Airways
11	Montreal, Canada	137,603	00.1%	Air Canada, American/US Airways
12	Madrid (Barajas), Spain	135,478	08.7%	American/US Airways
13	Dublin, Ireland	128,531	02.1%	American/US Airways
14	Manchester, United Kingdom	127,331	010.8%	American/US Airways
15	Munich, Germany	126,042	010.0%	American/US Airways

Annual traffic

Annual passenger traffic (enplaned + deplaned) at PHL, 2001 through 2015

Year	Passengers	Year	Passengers
		2010	30,775,961
		2009	30,669,564
		2008	31,834,725
		2007	32,211,439
		2006	31,768,272
2015	31,444,403	2005	31,495,385
2014	30,740,242	2004	28,507,420
2013	30,504,112	2003	24,671,075
2012	30,252,816	2002	24,799,470
2011	30,839,175	2001	24,553,310

Airlines daily departures

Rank	Airlines	Departures
1	American Airlines	430
2	Delta Airlines	33
3	Southwest Airlines	24
4	United Airlines	23
5	Frontier Airlines	14
6	Spirit Airlines	9
7	JetBlue	7
8	Air Canada Express	6
9	British Airways	2
10	Alaska Airlines	1
10	Icelandair (Starting in 2017)	1
10	Lufthansa	1
10	Qatar Airways	1

American Airlines and American Eagle are included in American Airlines, United Airlines and United Express are included in United Airlines, and Delta Air Lines and Delta Connection are included in Delta Air Lines.

Ground transportation

Train

Further information: Philadelphia International Airport Terminals (SEPTA)

SEPTA, the area's transportation authority, operates regional rail service between the airport and Center City Philadelphia via the Airport Line with stops at University City, Amtrak's 30th Street, Suburban and Jefferson stations. The fare is $8 if purchased on board, or $6.50 if purchased at a station in Center City. An unlimited ride day pass may be purchased either at a station or on board for $12 for all SEPTA services except to stations in New Jersey.

Road

The Philadelphia International Airport has road access from an interchange with I-95, which heads north toward Center City Philadelphia and south into Delaware County. PA 291 heads northeast from the airport area and provides access to and from I-76 (Schuylkill Expressway). Rental cars are available through a number of companies; each operates a shuttle bus between its facility and the terminals. As part of the airport's expansion plan, the airport plans to construct a consolidated rental car facility. Taxis charge a flat rate, currently $28.50 plus a fuel surcharge, for transportation from the airport to downtown Philadelphia.

Bus

SEPTA also operates various bus routes to the airport: Route 37 (serving South Philadelphia and Chester Transportation Center), Route 108 (serving 69th Street Transportation Center and the UPS air hub), and Route 115 (serving Delaware County Community College and Darby Transportation Center). Bus fare is $2.25 or 1 token ($1.80; available at major subway stops), with a transfer for $1.00.

As a benefit to students, local schools including The University of Pennsylvania, Villanova University, Swarthmore College, Haverford College and Saint Joseph's University traditionally operate transportation shuttles to the airport during heavy travel periods such as spring and Thanksgiving breaks.

Accidents and incidents

• On January 14, 1951 National Airlines Flight 84 crashed upon landing at Philadelphia from Newark. The aircraft skidded off the runway, crashed through a fence and came to rest in a ditch. During the incident, the left wing broke off, rupturing the gas tanks and setting the plane on fire. There were seven fatalities in all. Frankie Housley, the lone stewardess on Flight 84, led ten passengers to safety but lost her life trying to save an infant.
• On Tuesday, February 7, 2006, a UPS Douglas DC-8 cargo plane suffered an in-flight cargo fire and made an emergency landing at Philadelphia International Airport after filling with smoke. There were no injuries other than smoke inhalation affecting the crew, but the plane burned on the ground for hours into the night, though most of the cargo survived, the aircraft was a total loss, with multiple holes burned through the roof skin. According to the NTSB, the firefighting crew did not have adequate training on using their skin-piercing extinguishing equipment and not knowing how to open the main cargo door, attempted to force the handle and broke the latch, rendering the door unopenable. There were also difficulties in obtaining the cargo manifest to determine what if any hazardous materials were on board, due to confusion about protocol. However, despite these failings, the airport staff, including the firefighting staff, managed the incident successfully without injury or major disruption of the airport. The NTSB suspected lithium ion batteries were the source of ignition and made recommendations for more stringent rules and restrictions on their air transport, especially on passenger aircraft (unlike this one). For a cause of the incident, the NTSB focused on the delayed indication of fire by the required onboard fire detection system and criticized the standards to which such systems are tested, noting that the tests use an empty cargo hold and do not represent the real-world performance of the detection systems with the hold full of cargo, which significantly changes the flow patterns of hot air and smoke. The crew and air traffic control personnel were found to have behaved properly (with minor exceptions) and not to be at fault for the incident or its outcome.

See also

• Hog Island
• Northeast Philadelphia Airport
• Philadelphia TRACON
• Pennsylvania World War II Army Airfields

References