Western Mansi | |
---|---|
маньсь льӓх, моаньсь лаатых | |
Pronunciation | [manʲsʲ lʲæx], [moɒ̯nʲsʲ laːtəx] |
Native to | Russia |
Region | Sverdlovsk |
Native speakers | - |
Uralic
| |
Dialects |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | - |
Glottolog | west2976 |
![]() Western Mansi is classified as Extinct by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010) | |
Eastern Mansi | |
---|---|
маньсь лынгх[1] | |
Pronunciation | [mɒnʲsʲ lʲɘŋx] |
Native to | Russia |
Region | Khanty–Mansi |
Native speakers | ? (last native speaker died in 2018) |
Uralic
| |
Dialects |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | - |
Glottolog | east2879 |
![]() Eastern Mansi is classified as Extinct by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010) | |
Possible Western Mansi Alphabet
editА а | Ӓ ӓ | Б б | В в | Г г | Д д | Е е | Ж ж | З з |
И и | Й й | Ј ј | К к | Л л | М м | Н н | О о | Ӧ ӧ |
П п | Р р | С с | Т т | У у | Ӱ ӱ | Ф ф | Х х | Ц ц |
Ч ч | Щ щ | Ш ш | Ъ ъ | Ы ы | Ь ь | Э э | Ю ю | Я я |
Western References
edit- Матпiинэл и Маркнэл Елпынг Евангелiи Маньсынгыш : От Матфея и от Марка святые Евангелия по-вогульски, изданные Британским и Иностранным Библейским Обществом. - Гельсингфорсъ : Типография Финского литературного общества, 1882. - 142 с. [1]
Eastern Mansi Alphabet
editEastern Mansi also known as the Konda language doesn't use special characters in it's alphabet, stated in the first-ever Konda-Russian dictionary
А а | Б б | В в | Г г | Д д | Е е | Ж ж | З з |
И и | Й й | К к | Л л | М м | Н н | О о | П п |
Р р | С с | Т т | У у | Ф ф | Х х | Ц ц | Ч ч |
Щ щ | Ш ш | Ъ ъ | Ы ы | Ь ь | Э э | Ю ю | Я я |
Phonology of Eastern Mansi
editConsiderable differences can be found between Eastern and Northern Mansi.
Consonants
editLabial | Alveolar | (Alveolo-) Palatal |
Velar | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plain | Labialized | ||||
Nasals | /m/ м |
/n/ н |
/nʲ/ нь |
/ŋ/ нг | |
Stops | /p/ п |
/t/ т |
/tʲ/ ть |
/k/ к |
/kʷ/ кв |
Affricate | /sʲ/ сь |
||||
Fricatives | /s/ с |
/x/ [2] /ɣ/ х г |
/xʷ/ [3] *ɣʷ [4] хв (в) | ||
Semivowels | /j/ й |
/w/ в | |||
Laterals | /l/ л |
/lʲ/ ль |
|||
Trill | /r/ р |
Eastern References
edit- E. A. Kuzakova (2001). Мансийско-русский словарь (кондинский диалект мансийского языка), По рассказу П. К. Чейметова «Ворыяп хумый» («Два охотника») [Mansi-Russian dictionary (Kondinsky dialect of the Mansi language), Based on the story by P. K. Cheymetov “Ворыяп хумый” (“Two Hunters”)] (PDF). Kondinsky district: local history museum. ISBN 5-7142-0369-0.
Consonants
editLabial | Alveolar | (Alveolo-) Palatal |
Velar | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plain | Labialized | ||||
Nasals | /m/ м |
/n/ н |
/nʲ/ нь |
/ŋ/ [1] нг [3] | |
Stops | /p/ п |
/t/ т |
/tʲ/ ть |
/k/ к |
/kʷ/ кв |
Affricate | /sʲ/ сь |
||||
Fricatives | /s/ н |
/x/ [2] х /ɣ/ [1] г |
/xʷ/ [2] хв | ||
Semivowels | /j/ й |
/w/ в | |||
Laterals | /l/ л |
/lʲ/ ль |
|||
Trill | /r/ р |
Some remarks:
- Neither in Middle nor Lower Konda do these appear at the beginning of words.
- In Middle Konda it does not appear in the beginning of words, but in Lower Konda it does.
- /ŋ/ is also spelled with just н if it comes before к or х. This rule does not include suffixes; like in мынгым /mənɣəm/
Vowels
editFront | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unrounded | Rounded | Unrounded | Rounded | Unrounded | Rounded | |
Close | i K[1] | y, yː K[3] | u, uː K[3] | |||
Close-mid | ɘ, ɘː KM | o, oː K[3] | ||||
Mid | e~i eːK [2] [3] |
(ə) | ||||
Near-open | æ, æː K | |||||
Open | a, aː K [4] | ɒ K |
(KM=Present in Middle Konda | KU=Present in Upper Konda | K=Present in both)
Some remarks:
- Only present in palatal environments.
- It has the allophone /iː/.
- Neither in Middle nor Lower Konda do these appear in non-initial syllable positions.
- Neither in Middle nor Lower Konda do /aː/ appear in first syllable positions.
Diphthongs
editIn Middle Konda, the diphthongs are /øæ/ or /øæ̯/ and /oɒ/ found in both first and non-initial syllable positions.
In Lower Konda, the /æø/ diphthong is usually realized as /œ/ which is only found in first syllable positions, while /øæ/ is found in both first and non-initial syllable positions.
Northern Mansi Cononat table revised
editConsonants
editLabial | Alveolar | (Alveolo-) Palatal |
Velar | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plain | Labialized | ||||
Nasals | /m/ м |
/n/ н |
/nʲ/ нь |
/ŋ/ ӈ |
/ŋʷ/ ӈв |
Voiceless Stops | /p/ п |
/t/ т |
/tʲ/ ть |
/k/ к |
/kʷ/ кв |
Voiced Stops | /b/ Б |
/d/ Д |
/dʲ/ Дь |
/g/ г[5] | |
Affricate | /ɕ/ [1] ~ /sʲ/ щ ~ сь |
||||
Fricatives | /s/ с |
/x/ [2] /ɣ/ х г |
/xʷ/ [3] *ɣʷ [4] хв (в) | ||
Semivowels | /j/ й |
/w/ в | |||
Laterals | /l/ л |
/lʲ/ ль |
|||
Trill | /r/ р |
The inventory presented here is a maximal collection of segments found across the Mansi varieties. Some remarks:
- /ɕ/ is an allophone of /sʲ/.[4]
- The voiceless velar fricatives /x/, /xʷ/ are only found in the Northern group and the Lower Konda dialect of the Eastern group, resulting from spirantization of *k, *kʷ adjacent to original back vowels.
- According to Honti, a contrast between *w and *ɣʷ can be reconstructed, but this does not surface in any of the attested varieties.
- The labialization contrast among the velars dates back to Proto-Mansi, but was in several varieties strengthened by labialization of velars adjacent to rounded vowels. In particular, Proto-Mansi *yK → Core Mansi *æKʷ (a form of transphonologization).
- Only pronounced as /g/ in loan words.
- ^ Mansi-Russian dictionary (Kondinsky dialect of the Mansi language), Based on the story by P. K. Cheymetov “Ворыяп хумый” (“Two Hunters”) page 48
- ^ Ob-Ugric database of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany; Phonology of Eastern Mansi [3]
- ^ Honti 1998, p. 335.
- ^ Rombandeeva, E. I.; Ромбандеева, Е. И. (2017). Sovremennyĭ mansiĭskiĭ i︠a︡zyk : leksika, fonetika, grafika, orfografii︠a︡, morfologii︠a︡, slovoobrazovanie. Obsko-ugorskiĭ institut prikladnykh issledovaniĭ i razrabotok, Обско-угорский институт прикладных исследований и разработок. Ti︠u︡menʹ. p. 29. ISBN 978-5-6040210-8-8. OCLC 1062352461.
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