- 6th century BC: The Greek colony of Monoïkos is found.
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Roman Republic
- c. 58 BC: Monoïkos is conquered by the Romans.
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Roman Empire
- 27 BC: Gaius Octavianus becomes sole ruler of Rome and as Augustus the first emperor.
- 395: After the death of emperor Theodosius I, the Roman Empire is partitioned in the (Eastern) Roman Empire and the (Western) Roman Empire. Monoïkos becomes part of the Western part of the Empire.
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Kingdom of Italy
- 476: The Western Roman Empire is defeated and dissolved. Monaco becomes part of Odoacer's Italy.
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Kingdom of the Goths and the Romans
- 493: Germanic Gothic tribes defeat Odoacer and establish the Ostrogothic kingdom.
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Kingdom of the Lombards
- 568: Monaco is conquered by the Lombards, a Germanic tribe.
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Kingdom of all Italy
- 604: The kingdom is renamed into All Italy.
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Kingdom of the Franks
- 774: The Franks defeat the Lombards and add their northern territory with Monaco to its empire.
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| Kingdom of the Middle Franks
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| Kingdom of Italy
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Holy Roman Empire
- 962: The king of East-Francia becomes king of Italy and merges it with East-Francia as the Holy Roman Empire. Italy forms a constituent part of the empire. The kingdom consists out of marches and other entities with own rulers subject to the emperor.[1]. Italy forms a constituent part of the empire. The kingdom consists out of marches and other entities with own rulers subject to the emperor.
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Republic of Genoa
- 1191: Suzerainty over the area is granted to the city of Genoa]]\\.
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| Lordship of Monaco.
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Republic of Genoa
- 1301: Francesco and Ranieri Grimaldi goes into exile in France when Monaco is conquered by Genoa.
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Lordship of Monaco.
- 1331: His son, Carlo Grimaldi, restores the Grimaldi rule in Monaco together with his brothers and uncle.
- 1346: He acquires Menton.
- 1355: He acquires Roquebrune.
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Republic of Genoa
- 1357: Carlo Grimaldi is defeated and dies. Monaco is ruled by Genoa.
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| Lordship of Monaco.
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Republic of Genoa
- 1395: They are defeated and Genoese rule is restored.
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Lordship of Monaco.
- 1397: The lordship is restored by Lodovico Grimaldi.
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Republic of Genoa
- 1402: He is defeated and Monaco is occupied by Genoa.
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Lordship of Monaco.
- 1419: The lordship is restored by Giovanni Grimaldi, until 1427 together with is brothers.
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- 1436: Monaco is occupied by Milan.
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- 1605: Frederico Landi allows Monaco to be occupied by Spanish troops. Honoré II goes into exile.
- 1612: Honoré styles himself in exile as prince.
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Principality of Monaco
- 1614: The Spanish occupation ends and the separate status Monaco is restored..
- 1641: With the treaty of Péronne Honoré permits Monaco to become a French protectorate in return for guarantees entailing the preservation of his rights as sovereign.
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Republic of Monaco
- 1793: Monaco becomes a republic, a French client state, governed by Joseph Barriera as president of a National Convention.
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French Republic
- 1793: Monaco is the same year annexed to France as Fort-d'Hercule.
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| French Empire
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Principality of Monaco
- 1814: After the French defeat independence is restored as a Sardinian protectorate. Honoré IV becomes prince.
- 1848: Mentone and Roccabruna secede and become in 1850 a Sardinian protectorate.
- 1860: When Sardinia secedes the surrounding area of Nice to France, Monaco becomes a French protectorate.
- 1861: France grants with the Franco-Monegasque Treaty sovereignty to Monaco and Menton and Roquebrune are annexed to France.
- 1911: Monaco gets a constitution, creating an indirectly elected National Council. This limits the absolute powers of the prince. The minister of state is the head of government, being appointed by and subordinate to the prince, and presides the council of government. The minister of state has to be a French citizen, selected from several senior civil servants proposed by the French government.
- 1918: The protectorate is limited.
- 1942: Italy establishes a puppet government in Monaco.
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- 1942: Monaco is occupied by Italy.
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- 1944: Monaco is liberated and prince Louis II is restored to the throne.
- 1959: The constitution is suspended and National Council, in which the National Union of Independents (UNI) is dissolved.
- 1962: The constitution is revised, leading to the election of the National Council elected in free multi-party elections by universal suffrage.
- 1993: Monaco joins the United Nations.
- 2002: After a further constitutional revision, the minister of state can be either French or Monegasque and is chosen and appointed by the prince, after consultation with the French government.
- 2004: Monaco joins the Council of Europe.
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