User:Donald Trung/Imperial Guards (Nguyễn dynasty)/Infobox

Military of the Nguyễn dynasty
Military of the Nguyễn dynasty
Quân thứ (軍次)
	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/F%C3%AAtes_du_Nam-giao_en_1942_%2810%29._Etendard_figurant_des_constellations_astrologiques.jpg/220px-F%C3%AAtes_du_Nam-giao_en_1942_%2810%29._Etendard_figurant_des_constellations_astrologiques.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1209"> Members of the Nguyễn dynasty military partaking in the 1942 Nam Giao (南郊) ceremonies, Huế.
Active	1558–1945; (Continuous period) 1558–1777; (As the military of the Nguyễn lords) 1778–1802; (As the forces of Nguyễn Ánh) 1802–1891; (As the national military of the Nguyễn dynasty) 1885–1945; (As the Garde Indigène de l'Annam et du Tonkin) 1945; (As the Imperial Vietnamese Army)
Disbanded	23 August 1945
Country	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Seal_of_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Lords.svg/25px-Seal_of_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Lords.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="239" data-file-height="239"> Nguyễn lords; <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Long_tinh_flag_%28variant%29.svg/25px-Long_tinh_flag_%28variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400"> Nguyễn dynasty; <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Colonial_Annam.svg/25px-Flag_of_Colonial_Annam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> French protectorates of Annam and Tonkin; <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Empire_of_Vietnam_%281945%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Empire_of_Vietnam_%281945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> Empire of Vietnam
Allegiance	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Fanion_du_Roi_%28C%E1%BB%9D_Nh%C3%A0_Vua%29_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%281941%29.svg/25px-Fanion_du_Roi_%28C%E1%BB%9D_Nh%C3%A0_Vua%29_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%281941%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3039" data-file-height="2160"> Emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty,; <img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> France (1884–1945); <img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> Japan (1945)
Branch	Imperial Guards ; Provincial armies and militias ; Siege ; Elephant ; Cavalry ; Infantry
Type	Army, Navy
Role	Military force (until 1885, 1945); Police and ceremonial force (1885–1945)
Size	1558: 3,000; 1627: 100,000; 1803: 150,000; 1840: 50.000; 1847: 128.000; 1885: 70.000; 1886: 7,500;
Motto(s)	忠勇才畧 (Trung dũng Tài lược) - Valeur et discipline (under French command)
Colours	Red Yellow
March	Đăng đàn cung
Engagements	Nguyễn lords Lê–Mạc War; Cham-Nguyễn wars; Trịnh–Nguyễn War; Siamese–Vietnamese wars; Nguyễn dynasty Tây Sơn wars French assistance to Nguyễn Ánh; ; Anglo–Vietnamese Conflict; Vietnamese invasions of Cambodia; Cambodian rebellion (1811–12); Cambodian rebellion (1820); Phan Bá Vành's Rebellion; Anouvong's Rebellion against Siam; Siamese–Vietnamese War (1831–1834); Nông Văn Vân's Rebellion; Katip Sumat's Jihad; Ja Thak Wa uprising; Lê Văn Khôi revolt; Đoàn Hữu Trưng's Rebellion; Cao Bá Quát's Rebellion; Lê Duy Lương's Rebellion; Tạ Văn Phụng's Rebellion; Thạch Bích uprising; Lâm Sâm uprising; Ba Nhàn - Tiền Bột uprising; Ba Xuyên uprising; Thất Sơn uprising; Hà Tiên uprising; Cambodian rebellion (1840); Siamese–Vietnamese War (1841–1845); 405 rebellions from 1802 to 1862; Bombardment of Tourane (1847); Cochinchina campaign; Tonkin campaign Sino-French War; ; Ba Dinh uprising / Cần Vương; Yên Thế Insurrection; Pacification of Tonkin; Thái Nguyên uprising; Vue Pa Chay's revolt; Yên Bái mutiny; Uprising of the Nghệ-Tĩnh soviets; World War II; August Revolution;
Decorations	Cash coin of Honour Ngân Tiền (銀錢); Kim Tiền (金錢); ; Military Medal of Annam (1890–1891); Médaille de la Garde Indigène (from 1929);
Commanders
Supreme Commander	Lord / King (1558–1802); Emperor (1802–1945)
Notable; commanders	Hoàng Kế Viêm, Lê Văn Duyệt, Lê Văn Khôi, Nguyễn Cư Trinh, Nguyễn Huỳnh Đức, Nguyễn Văn Thành, Nguyễn Văn Tồn, Nguyễn Văn Nhơn, Nguyễn Tri Phương, Phan Văn Thúy, and Trương Minh Giảng
Insignia
Flag	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_the_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Dynasty_Army_%28Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Arm%C3%A9e%2C_Paris%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Dynasty_Army_%28Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Arm%C3%A9e%2C_Paris%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="172" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1223" data-file-height="1053">
Badge of the Imperial Guards during the Bảo Đại period.	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Coat_of_arms_of_Annam_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%28Hano%C3%AF_-_1941%29_B%E1%BA%A3o_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_%28%E4%BF%9D%E5%A4%A7%29.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Annam_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%28Hano%C3%AF_-_1941%29_B%E1%BA%A3o_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_%28%E4%BF%9D%E5%A4%A7%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="125" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="788" data-file-height="823">

Imperial Guards
Imperial Guards
Thị vệ xứ (侍衛處)
	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Imperial_guards_of_the_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Dynasty_with_poleaxes_and_shields.jpg/220px-Imperial_guards_of_the_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Dynasty_with_poleaxes_and_shields.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="560"> Imperial Guards with poleaxes and shields.
Active	1802–1945
Disbanded	23 August 1945
Country	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Long_tinh_flag_%28variant%29.svg/25px-Long_tinh_flag_%28variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400"> Nguyễn dynasty; <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Colonial_Annam.svg/25px-Flag_of_Colonial_Annam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> French protectorates of Annam and Tonkin; <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Empire_of_Vietnam_%281945%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Empire_of_Vietnam_%281945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> Empire of Vietnam
Allegiance	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Fanion_du_Roi_%28C%E1%BB%9D_Nh%C3%A0_Vua%29_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%281941%29.svg/25px-Fanion_du_Roi_%28C%E1%BB%9D_Nh%C3%A0_Vua%29_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%281941%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3039" data-file-height="2160"> Emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty,; <img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> France (1884–1945); <img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> Japan (1945)
Branch	Nguyễn military
Type	Imperial guard ; Cavalry ; War elephant ; Infantry
Role	Close protection
Garrison/HQ	Forbidden City, Huế
Colours	Red Yellow
March	Đăng đàn cung
Anniversaries	Nam Giao (南郊)
Decorations	Cash coin of Honour Ngân Tiền (銀錢); Kim Tiền (金錢); ;
Insignia
Thị vệ xứ chi quan phòng; (侍衛處之關防)	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Th%E1%BB%8B_v%E1%BB%87_x%E1%BB%A9_chi_quan_ph%C3%B2ng_%28%E4%BE%8D%E8%A1%9B%E8%99%95%E4%B9%8B%E9%97%9C%E9%98%B2%29_-_%E1%BA%A4n_ch%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_tr%C3%AAn_Ch%C3%A2u_b%E1%BA%A3n_tri%E1%BB%81u_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_02.png/120px-Th%E1%BB%8B_v%E1%BB%87_x%E1%BB%A9_chi_quan_ph%C3%B2ng_%28%E4%BE%8D%E8%A1%9B%E8%99%95%E4%B9%8B%E9%97%9C%E9%98%B2%29_-_%E1%BA%A4n_ch%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_tr%C3%AAn_Ch%C3%A2u_b%E1%BA%A3n_tri%E1%BB%81u_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_02.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="125" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="271" data-file-height="282">
Badge used during the Bảo Đại period.	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Coat_of_arms_of_Annam_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%28Hano%C3%AF_-_1941%29_B%E1%BA%A3o_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_%28%E4%BF%9D%E5%A4%A7%29.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Annam_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%28Hano%C3%AF_-_1941%29_B%E1%BA%A3o_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_%28%E4%BF%9D%E5%A4%A7%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="125" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="788" data-file-height="823">

Imperial Guards
Imperial Guards
Thị vệ xứ (侍衛處)
	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Imperial_guards_of_the_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Dynasty_with_poleaxes_and_shields.jpg/220px-Imperial_guards_of_the_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Dynasty_with_poleaxes_and_shields.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="560"> Imperial Guards with poleaxes and shields.
Active	1802–1945
Disbanded	23 August 1945
Country	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Long_tinh_flag_%28variant%29.svg/25px-Long_tinh_flag_%28variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400"> Nguyễn dynasty; <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Colonial_Annam.svg/25px-Flag_of_Colonial_Annam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> French protectorates of Annam and Tonkin; <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Empire_of_Vietnam_%281945%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Empire_of_Vietnam_%281945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> Empire of Vietnam
Allegiance	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Fanion_du_Roi_%28C%E1%BB%9D_Nh%C3%A0_Vua%29_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%281941%29.svg/25px-Fanion_du_Roi_%28C%E1%BB%9D_Nh%C3%A0_Vua%29_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%281941%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3039" data-file-height="2160"> Emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty,; <img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> France (1884–1945); <img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> Japan (1945)
Branch	Nguyễn military
Type	Imperial guard ; Cavalry ; War elephant ; Infantry
Role	Close protection
Garrison/HQ	Forbidden City, Huế
Colours	Red Yellow
March	Đăng đàn cung
Anniversaries	Nam Giao (南郊)
Decorations	Cash coin of Honour Ngân Tiền (銀錢); Kim Tiền (金錢); ;
Insignia
Thị vệ xứ chi quan phòng; (侍衛處之關防)	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Th%E1%BB%8B_v%E1%BB%87_x%E1%BB%A9_chi_quan_ph%C3%B2ng_%28%E4%BE%8D%E8%A1%9B%E8%99%95%E4%B9%8B%E9%97%9C%E9%98%B2%29.svg/120px-Th%E1%BB%8B_v%E1%BB%87_x%E1%BB%A9_chi_quan_ph%C3%B2ng_%28%E4%BE%8D%E8%A1%9B%E8%99%95%E4%B9%8B%E9%97%9C%E9%98%B2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600">
Badge used during the Bảo Đại period.	<img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Coat_of_arms_of_Annam_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%28Hano%C3%AF_-_1941%29_B%E1%BA%A3o_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_%28%E4%BF%9D%E5%A4%A7%29.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Annam_-_Hymnes_et_pavillons_d%27Indochine_%28Hano%C3%AF_-_1941%29_B%E1%BA%A3o_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_%28%E4%BF%9D%E5%A4%A7%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="125" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="788" data-file-height="823">

Socialist Republic of Vietnam - Draft 1 edit

Nguyễn Dynasty - Draft 2 (SVG seal) edit

Nguyễn Dynasty - Draft 1 edit

Nguyễn military infobox (for reference) edit

Attribution: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Military_of_the_Nguy%E1%BB%85n_dynasty&oldid=1095548471

The military of the Nguyễn dynasty (Vietnamese: Quân thứ; Chữ Nôm: 軍次) were the main military forces of the Nguyễn dynasty from 1802 to August 1945 when it was dismantled by the August Revolution.^[12] The Nguyễn military force was initially formed by Nguyễn Hoàng as a division of the military of the Revival Lê dynasty in 1558 starting out with 3000 soldiers.^[12] During this period it was the military forces of the domain of the Nguyễn lords and commonly fought the Trịnh lords who controlled northern Vietnam.^[12] During the Tây Sơn Rebellion it was expelled out most of the county by the Tây Sơn dynasty.^[12] After the exiled Nguyễn Phúc Ánh returned and defeated the Tây Sơn rebels he crowned himself as the Gia Long Emperor and the Nguyễn military became the national military of Vietnam.^[12]

During the French domination period it became two of the five indigenous guards of French Indochina and was turned into a collection police and ceremonial forces.^[7] While the Emperor was still nominally the supreme commander actual power fell in the hands of the French administration relegating the Emperor to a rubber stamp office.^[12] Following the abolition of the Nguyễn dynasty its military was also disbanded making the Vietnamese People's Army the new national military of Vietnam, which would be administered by the newly established Democratic Republic of Vietnam.^[12]

Images to use edit

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DGJ_1197_-_Taxi......_(3447867023).jpg
- Phục dựng tượng binh nhà Nguyễn tại Huế.

Notes edit

^ Known in French as the Sapèque d'Honneur. These include traditional Vietnamese decorations based on cash coins.
^ Known in French as the Sapèque d'Argent.
^ Known in French as the Sapèque d'Or.
^ Known in French as the Sapèque d'Honneur. These include traditional Vietnamese decorations based on cash coins.
^ Known in French as the Sapèque d'Argent.
^ Known in French as the Sapèque d'Or.
^ Officially a division of the military of the Revival Lê dynasty until 1802.
^ Known in French as the Sapèque d'Honneur. These include traditional Vietnamese decorations based on cash coins.
^ Known in French as the Sapèque d'Argent.
^ Known in French as the Sapèque d'Or.

References edit

^ ^a ^b ^c Ban tổ chức (Organising Committee) (25 June 2022). "Chế độ Y quan triều Nguyễn. - Triển lãm CHẾ ĐỘ Y QUAN TRIỀU NGUYỄN trưng bày hơn 100 phiên bản tài liệu, hình ảnh, hiện vật đặc sắc về chế độ y quan (áo mũ, nghĩa rộng là trang phục) của các tầng lớp trong xã hội triều Nguyễn, nét tinh tế của nghệ thuật thẩm mỹ nhưng cũng rất chặt chẽ trong sự phân cấp phẩm hàm" (in Vietnamese). Trung tâm Lưu trữ quốc gia I (National Archives Nr. 1, Hanoi) - Cục Văn thư và Lưu trữ nhà nước (State Records And Archives Management Department Of Việt Nam). Retrieved 28 June 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ngan Duong (15 December 2020). "Changing of the guard at Hue Imperial Citadel. - Visitors to Hue can learn more about Vietnam's former Nguyen Dynasty by attending the changing of the guard ceremony at the imperial citadel". VnExpress International. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c Gillingham, Harrold E. (Harrold Edgar), 1864-1954 (1928). "Notes on the decorations and medals of the French colonies and protectorates. § Annam - Kim-Tiên, or Sapèque in gold 44 & Ngân-Tiên, or Sapèque in silver 45". American Numismatic Society. Retrieved 24 March 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ De Rode Leeuw - Armorial of Vietnam § Imperial Guard by Hubert de Vries. Retrieved: 16 August 2021.
^ De Rode Leeuw - Armorial of Vietnam § Imperial Guard by Hubert de Vries. Retrieved: 16 August 2021.
^ Hoàng Cơ Thụy. Việt sử khảo luận. Paris: Nam Á, 2002. Page 976.
^ ^a ^b ^c Karl Hack and Tobias Rettig. (2006). Colonial armies in Southeast Asia. New York: Routledge. p. 133. ISBN 0-415-33413-6.
^ Harrold E. Gillingham, Notes on the Decorations and Medals of French Colonies and Protectorates. New York, 1928 (ANS Publication no 36) - p46.
^ Order of 21 July 1890 - Journal Official Indo-Chine Française (1890) pt2 p678.
^ R.D. Stiot, "La médaille de la Garde indigène de l'Indochine", Carnet de la Sabretache, 2e Trimestre 1984, Nouvelle Series No 71, pp 16.
^ De Rode Leeuw - Armorial of Vietnam § Imperial Guard by Hubert de Vries. Retrieved: 16 August 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Bách khoa tri thức Quốc phòng toàn dân (National Defense Knowledge Encyclopedia of the People). (2022). "Lực lượng vũ trang nhà Nguyễn (1558 - 1945)" (in Vietnamese). The Ministry of National Defense - Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Retrieved 28 June 2022.

[3] Known in French as the Sapèque d'Honneur. These include traditional Vietnamese decorations based on cash coins.

[5] Known in French as the Sapèque d'Argent.

[6] Known in French as the Sapèque d'Or.

[8] Known in French as the Sapèque d'Honneur. These include traditional Vietnamese decorations based on cash coins.

[9] Known in French as the Sapèque d'Argent.

[10] Known in French as the Sapèque d'Or.

[12] Officially a division of the military of the Revival Lê dynasty until 1802.

[16] Known in French as the Sapèque d'Honneur. These include traditional Vietnamese decorations based on cash coins.

[17] Known in French as the Sapèque d'Argent.

[18] Known in French as the Sapèque d'Or.

[TTLTQG1-Chế-độ-Y-quan-triều-Nguyễn-1] Ban tổ chức (Organising Committee) (25 June 2022). "Chế độ Y quan triều Nguyễn. - Triển lãm CHẾ ĐỘ Y QUAN TRIỀU NGUYỄN trưng bày hơn 100 phiên bản tài liệu, hình ảnh, hiện vật đặc sắc về chế độ y quan (áo mũ, nghĩa rộng là trang phục) của các tầng lớp trong xã hội triều Nguyễn, nét tinh tế của nghệ thuật thẩm mỹ nhưng cũng rất chặt chẽ trong sự phân cấp phẩm hàm" (in Vietnamese). Trung tâm Lưu trữ quốc gia I (National Archives Nr. 1, Hanoi) - Cục Văn thư và Lưu trữ nhà nước (State Records And Archives Management Department Of Việt Nam). Retrieved 28 June 2022.

[VnExpress-International-Changing-of-the-guard-at-Hue-Imperial-Citadel-2] Ngan Duong (15 December 2020). "Changing of the guard at Hue Imperial Citadel. - Visitors to Hue can learn more about Vietnam's former Nguyen Dynasty by attending the changing of the guard ceremony at the imperial citadel". VnExpress International. Retrieved 28 June 2022.

[Numismatics-French-medals-and-decorations-4] Gillingham, Harrold E. (Harrold Edgar), 1864-1954 (1928). "Notes on the decorations and medals of the French colonies and protectorates. § Annam - Kim-Tiên, or Sapèque in gold 44 & Ngân-Tiên, or Sapèque in silver 45". American Numismatic Society. Retrieved 24 March 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

[7] De Rode Leeuw - Armorial of Vietnam § Imperial Guard by Hubert de Vries. Retrieved: 16 August 2021.

[11] De Rode Leeuw - Armorial of Vietnam § Imperial Guard by Hubert de Vries. Retrieved: 16 August 2021.

[13] Hoàng Cơ Thụy. Việt sử khảo luận. Paris: Nam Á, 2002. Page 976.

[Hack-and-Rettig-14] Karl Hack and Tobias Rettig. (2006). Colonial armies in Southeast Asia. New York: Routledge. p. 133. ISBN 0-415-33413-6.

[15] Harrold E. Gillingham, Notes on the Decorations and Medals of French Colonies and Protectorates. New York, 1928 (ANS Publication no 36) - p46.

[19] Order of 21 July 1890 - Journal Official Indo-Chine Française (1890) pt2 p678.

[20] R.D. Stiot, "La médaille de la Garde indigène de l'Indochine", Carnet de la Sabretache, 2e Trimestre 1984, Nouvelle Series No 71, pp 16.

[21] De Rode Leeuw - Armorial of Vietnam § Imperial Guard by Hubert de Vries. Retrieved: 16 August 2021.

[BQP-NCHXHCNVN-Lực-lượng-vũ-trang-nhà-Nguyễn-22] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Bách khoa tri thức Quốc phòng toàn dân (National Defense Knowledge Encyclopedia of the People). (2022). "Lực lượng vũ trang nhà Nguyễn (1558 - 1945)" (in Vietnamese). The Ministry of National Defense - Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Retrieved 28 June 2022.

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