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User:Don Lope/Sandbox Australian Open

< User:Don Lope
A man in white and blue shorts and T-shirt with a white baseball cap, raises his right arm, holding a modern racket, as he prepares to serve
American Andre Agassi holds an Open era record of four singles titles.

The Australian Open[a] is an annual tennis tournament created in 1905 and played on outdoor hard courts[b][c] at Melbourne Park in Melbourne, Australia.[1] The men's singles was one of the two first events contested in 1905. The Australian Open is played during two weeks mid-January, and has been chronologically the first of the four Grand Slam tournaments of the tennis season since 1987. The event was not held from 1916 to 1918 because of World War I, from 1940 to 1945 because of World War II, and in 1986 because of a date change.[2][3]

Christchurch and Hastings, New Zealand, and Perth, Brisbane, Adelaide, Sydney, and Melbourne, Australia all held the event, which switched location every year before it settled in 1972 at the Kooyong Stadium, moving to Flinders Park, now Melbourne Park, in 1988.[2] Several calendar changes also took place for the Australian Open, from January to December in 1972 to bypass the January-to-June International Lawn Tennis Federation (ITLF) ban of World Championship Tennis (WCT) players; from late to early December in 1977 to avoid the Christmas holidays, which resulted in having two Opens in the season[4]; and back to January, when the planned December 1986 edition was moved to early 1987, leaving no Open for the 1986 season.[5][6]

The men's singles' rules have undergone several changes since the first edition. Since the first championships, the event has been contested in a knockout format, and all matches played at the best-of-five sets, except in 1970, 1973, and 1974, when the first round was played at the best-of-three.[1] All sets were decided since 1905 in the advantage format, with six games and two games difference. The lingering death best-of-twelve points tie-break was introduced in 1971, and used for the first four sets since then, except from 1980 to 1982, when the tie-break was also played in fifth sets.[1][7] The court surface changed once, from grass (1905–1987) to hard courts, since the move to Flinders Park in 1988.[2][8][9]

The champion receives a miniature replica of the silver-gilt Norman Brookes Challenge Cup, named after the 1911 champion, and former Lawn Tennis Association of Australia (LTAA) president, and modeled after the Warwick Vase.[10] In 2009, the winner received prize money of A$2,000,000.[11]

Roy Emerson (winner, 1961, 1963–1967) holds both the record for most titles with six victories, and for most consecutive titles with five from 1963 to 1967.[3]

Champions edit

 
Anthony Wilding was the first multiple champion of the tournament.
 
James Anderson clinched three titles in Australia.
 
Jack Crawford won three of the seven finals he reached at the event.
 
Adrian Quist titled in 1936, 1940 and 1948.
A man dressed in white, with shorts and a polo shirt, with a wooden racket in his left hand, bends his knees in front of a tennis net, on a grass court
Grand Slam winner Rod Laver took three titles at the Australian event.
 
Ken Rosewall won four singles championships.
A man with long dark hair, dressed in white shorts and a polo shirt, extends his right arm, holding a racket, as he tries to reach a tennis ball
Guillermo Vilas won the Australian Open twice.
 
Mats Wilander won three Australian Open titles.
 
Roger Federer took three titles in Melbourne.
Regular competition
No competition •
Year[d] Country Champion Country Runner-up Score in the final
1905   AUS Rodney Heath   AUS Arthur Curtis 4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–4
1906   NZL Anthony Wilding   NZL Francis Fisher 6–0, 6–4, 6–4
1907   AUS Horace Rice   AUS Harry Parker 6–3, 6–4, 6–4
1908   USA Fred Alexander   AUS Alfred Dunlop 3–6, 3–6, 6–0, 6–2, 6–3
1909   NZL Anthony Wilding   AUS Ernie Parker 6–1, 7–5, 6–2
1910   AUS Rodney Heath   AUS Horace Rice 6–4, 6–3, 6–2
1911   AUS Norman Brookes   AUS Horace Rice 6–1, 6–2, 6–3
1912   GBR James Cecil Parke   GBR Alfred Beamish 3–6, 6–3, 1–6, 6–1, 7–5
1913   AUS Ernie Parker   AUS Harry Parker 2–6, 6–1, 6–3, 6–2
1914   AUS Arthur O'Hara Wood   AUS Gerald Patterson 6–4, 6–3, 5–7, 6–1
1915   GBR Gordon Lowe   AUS Horace Rice 4–6, 6–1, 6–1, 6–4
1916 — None •[e] — — —
1917 — None • — — —
1918 — None • — — —
1919   GBR Algernon Kingscote   AUS Eric Pockley 6–4, 6–0, 6–3
1920   AUS Pat O'Hara Wood   AUS Ronald Thomas 6–3, 4–6, 6–8, 6–1, 6–3
1921   AUS Rhys Gemmell   AUS Alf Hedeman 7–5, 6–1, 6–4
1922   AUS James Anderson   AUS Gerald Patterson 6–0, 3–6, 3–6, 6–3, 6–2
1923   AUS Pat O'Hara Wood   AUS Bert St. John 6–1, 6–1, 6–3
1924   AUS James Anderson   AUS Richard Schlesinger 6–3, 6–4, 3–6, 5–7, 6–3
1925   AUS James Anderson   AUS Gerald Patterson 11–9, 2–6, 6–2, 6–3
1926   AUS John Hawkes   AUS James Willard 6–1, 6–3, 6–1
1927   AUS Gerald Patterson   AUS John Hawkes 3–6, 6–4, 3–6, 18–16, 6–3
1928   FRA Jean Borotra   AUS Jack Cummings 6–4, 6–1, 4–6, 5–7, 6–3
1929   GBR John Colin Gregory   AUS Richard Schlesinger 6–2, 6–2, 5–7, 7–5
1930   AUS Edgar Moon   AUS Harry Hopman 6–3, 6–1, 6–3
1931   AUS Jack Crawford   AUS Harry Hopman 6–4, 6–2, 2–6, 6–1
1932   AUS Jack Crawford   AUS Harry Hopman 4–6, 6–3, 3–6, 6–3, 6–1
1933   AUS Jack Crawford   USA Keith Gledhill 2–6, 7–5, 6–3, 6–2
1934   GBR Fred Perry   AUS Jack Crawford 6–3, 7–5, 6–1
1935   AUS Jack Crawford   GBR Fred Perry 2–6, 6–4, 6–4, 6–4
1936   AUS Adrian Quist   AUS Jack Crawford 6–2, 6–3, 4–6, 3–6, 9–7
1937   AUS Vivian McGrath   AUS John Bromwich 6–3, 1–6, 6–0, 2–6, 6–1
1938   USA Don Budge   AUS John Bromwich 6–4, 6–2, 6–1
1939   AUS John Bromwich   AUS Adrian Quist 6–4, 6–1, 6–3
1940   AUS Adrian Quist   AUS Jack Crawford 6–3, 6–1, 6–2
1941 — None •[f] — — —
1942 — None • — — —
1943 — None • — — —
1944 — None • — — —
1945 — None • — — —
1946   AUS John Bromwich   AUS Dinny Pails 5–7, 6–3, 7–5, 3–6, 6–2
1947   AUS Dinny Pails   AUS John Bromwich 4–6, 6–4, 3–6, 7–5, 8–6
1948   AUS Adrian Quist   AUS John Bromwich 6–4, 3–6, 6–3, 2–6, 6–3
1949   AUS Frank Sedgman   AUS John Bromwich 6–3, 6–2, 6–2
1950   AUS Frank Sedgman   AUS Ken McGregor 6–3, 6–4, 4–6, 6–1
1951   USA Dick Savitt   AUS Ken McGregor 6–3, 2–6, 6–3, 6–1
1952   AUS Ken McGregor   AUS Frank Sedgman 7–5, 12–10, 2–6, 6–2
1953   AUS Ken Rosewall   AUS Mervyn Rose 6–0, 6–3, 6–4
1954   AUS Mervyn Rose   AUS Rex Hartwig 6–2, 0–6, 6–4, 6–2
1955   AUS Ken Rosewall   AUS Lew Hoad 9–7, 6–4, 6–4
1956   AUS Lew Hoad   AUS Ken Rosewall 6–4, 3–6, 6–4, 7–5
1957   AUS Ashley Cooper   AUS Neale Fraser 6–3, 9–11, 6–4, 6–2
1958   AUS Ashley Cooper   AUS Malcolm Anderson 7–5, 6–3, 6–4
1959   USA[g] Alex Olmedo   AUS Neale Fraser 6–1, 6–2, 3–6, 6–3
1960   AUS Rod Laver   AUS Neale Fraser 5–7, 3–6, 6–3, 8–6, 8–6
1961   AUS Roy Emerson   AUS Rod Laver 1–6, 6–3, 7–5, 6–4
1962   AUS Rod Laver   AUS Neale Fraser 8–6, 0–6, 6–4, 6–4
1963   AUS Roy Emerson   AUS Ken Fletcher 6–3, 6–3, 6–1
1964   AUS Roy Emerson   AUS Fred Stolle 6–3, 6–4, 6–2
1965   AUS Roy Emerson   AUS Fred Stolle 7–9, 2–6, 6–4, 7–5, 6–1
1966   AUS Roy Emerson   USA Arthur Ashe 6–4, 6–8, 6–2, 6–3
1967   AUS Roy Emerson   USA Arthur Ashe 6–4, 6–1, 6–4
1968   AUS William Bowrey   ESP Juan Gisbert 6–4, 6–1, 6–4
1969   AUS Rod Laver[h]   ESP Andrés Gimeno 6–3, 6–4, 7–5
1970   USA Arthur Ashe   AUS Dick Crealy 6–4, 9–7, 6–2
1971   AUS Ken Rosewall   USA Arthur Ashe 6–1, 7–5, 6–3
1972   AUS Ken Rosewall   AUS Malcolm Anderson 7–6(7–2), 6–3, 7–5
1973   AUS John Newcombe   NZL Onny Parun 6–3, 6–7, 7–5, 6–1
1974   USA Jimmy Connors   AUS Phil Dent 7–6(9–7), 6–4, 4–6, 6–3
1975   AUS John Newcombe   USA Jimmy Connors 7–5, 3–6, 6–4, 7–6(9–7)
1976   AUS Mark Edmondson   AUS John Newcombe 6–7, 6–3, 7–6, 6–1
1977 (1)   USA Roscoe Tanner[i]   ARG Guillermo Vilas 6–3, 6–3, 6–3
1977 (2)   USA Vitas Gerulaitis[i]   GBR John Lloyd 6–3, 7–6, 5–7, 3–6, 6–2
1978   ARG Guillermo Vilas   AUS John Marks 6–4, 6–4, 3–6, 6–3
1979   ARG Guillermo Vilas   USA John Sadri 7–6(7–4), 6–3, 6–2
1980   USA Brian Teacher   AUS Kim Warwick 7–5, 7–6(7–4), 6–3
1981   RSA Johan Kriek   USA Steve Denton 6–2, 7–6(7–1), 6–7(1–7), 6–4
1982   USA Johan Kriek   USA Steve Denton 6–3, 6–3, 6–2
1983   SWE Mats Wilander   TCH Ivan Lendl 6–1, 6–4, 6–4
1984   SWE Mats Wilander   RSA Kevin Curren 6–7(5–7), 6–4, 7–6(7–3), 6–2
1985   SWE Stefan Edberg   SWE Mats Wilander 6–4, 6–3, 6–3
1986 — None[j] — — —
1987   SWE Stefan Edberg   AUS Pat Cash 6–3, 6–4, 3–6, 5–7, 6–3
1988   SWE Mats Wilander   AUS Pat Cash 6–3, 6–7(3–7), 3–6, 6–1, 8–6
1989   TCH Ivan Lendl   TCH Miloslav Mečíř 6–2, 6–2, 6–2
1990   TCH Ivan Lendl   SWE Stefan Edberg 4–6, 7–6(7–3), 5–2 retired[k]
1991   GER Boris Becker   TCH Ivan Lendl 1–6, 6–4, 6–4, 6–4
1992   USA Jim Courier   SWE Stefan Edberg 6–3, 3–6, 6–4, 6–2
1993   USA Jim Courier   SWE Stefan Edberg 6–2, 6–1, 2–6, 7–5
1994   USA Pete Sampras   USA Todd Martin 7–6(7–4), 6–4, 6–4
1995   USA Andre Agassi   USA Pete Sampras 4–6, 6–1, 7–6(8–6), 6–4
1996   GER Boris Becker   USA Michael Chang 6–2, 6–4, 2–6, 6–2
1997   USA Pete Sampras   ESP Carlos Moyá 6–2, 6–3, 6–3
1998   CZE Petr Korda   CHI Marcelo Ríos 6–2, 6–2, 6–2
1999   RUS Yevgeny Kafelnikov   SWE Thomas Enqvist 4–6, 6–0, 6–3, 7–6(7–1)
2000   USA Andre Agassi   RUS Yevgeny Kafelnikov 3–6, 6–3, 6–2, 6–4
2001   USA Andre Agassi   FRA Arnaud Clément 6–4, 6–2, 6–2
2002   SWE Thomas Johansson   RUS Marat Safin 3–6, 6–4, 6–4, 7–6(7–4)
2003   USA Andre Agassi   GER Rainer Schüttler 6–2, 6–2, 6–1
2004    SUI Roger Federer   RUS Marat Safin 7–6(7–3), 6–4, 6–2
2005   RUS Marat Safin   AUS Lleyton Hewitt 1–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–4
2006    SUI Roger Federer   CYP Marcos Baghdatis 5–7, 7–5, 6–0, 6–2
2007    SUI Roger Federer   CHI Fernando González 7–6(7–2), 6–4, 6–4
2008   SRB Novak Ðoković   FRA Jo-Wilfried Tsonga 4–6, 6–4, 6–3, 7–6(7–2)
2009   ESP Rafael Nadal    SUI Roger Federer 7–5, 3–6, 7–6(7–3), 3–6, 6–2

Statistical information edit

 
Rod Laver Arena featured green Rebound Ace hard courts between 1988 and 2007.[8][9]
 
The main stadium, formerly 'Centre Court', was renamed Rod Laver Arena in 2000.[12]
 
The blue Plexicushion installed in 2008 has been described as a slower hard court than the Rebound Ace.[9]
 
Organisers have implemented night tennis in recent years.[13]
 
Rafael Nadal edged Roger Federer in the 2009 final after four hours and 23 minutes.[14]

Multiple champions edit

Active player +
Player Amateur Era Open Era All-time Years
  Roy Emerson (AUS) 6 0 6 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967
  Andre Agassi (USA) 0 4 4 1995, 2000, 2001, 2003
  Jack Crawford (AUS) 4 0 4 1931, 1932, 1933, 1935
  Ken Rosewall (AUS) 2 2 4 1953, 1955, 1971, 1972
  James Anderson (AUS) 3 0 3 1922, 1924, 1925
  Roger Federer (SUI) + 0 3 3 2004, 2006, 2007
  Rod Laver (AUS) 2 1 3 1960, 1962, 1969
  Adrian Quist (AUS) 3 0 3 1936, 1940, 1948
  Mats Wilander (SWE) 0 3 3 1983, 1984, 1988
  Boris Becker (GER) 0 2 2 1991, 1996
  John Bromwich (AUS) 2 0 2 1939, 1946
  Ashley Cooper (AUS) 2 0 2 1957, 1958
  Jim Courier (USA) 0 2 2 1992, 1993
  Stefan Edberg (SWE) 0 2 2 1985, 1987
  Rodney Heath (AUS) 2 0 2 1905, 1910
  Johan Kriek (USA) 0 2 2 1981, 1982
  Ivan Lendl (TCH) 0 2 2 1989, 1990
  John Newcombe (AUS) 0 2 2 1973, 1975
  Pete Sampras (USA) 0 2 2 1994, 1997
  Frank Sedgman (AUS) 2 0 2 1949, 1950
  Guillermo Vilas (ARG) 0 2 2 1978, 1979
  Anthony Wilding (AUS) 2 0 2 1906, 1909
  Pat O'Hara Wood (AUS) 2 0 2 1920, 1923

Champions by country edit

Former country ¤
Country Amateur Era Open Era All-time First title Last title
  Australia (AUS) 44 6 50 1905 1976
  United States (USA) 4 14 18 1908 2003
  Sweden (SWE) 0 6 6 1983 2002
  United Kingdom (UK/GBR)[l] 5 0 5 1912 1934
   Switzerland (SUI) 0 3 3 2004 2007
  Argentina (ARG) 0 2 2 1978 1979
  Czechoslovakia (TCH) ¤[m] 0 2 2 1989 1990
  Germany (GER) 0 2 2 1991 1996
  New Zealand (NZL) 2 0 2 1906 1909
  Russia (RUS) 0 2 2 1999 2005
  Czech Republic (CZE)[n] 0 1 1 1998 1998
  France (FRA) 0 1 1 1928 1928
  Serbia (SRB) 0 1 1 2008 2008
  South Africa (RSA) 0 1 1 1981 1981
  Spain (ESP) 0 1 1 2009 2009

Notes edit

References edit

General
  • "Grand Slam Tournaments - Australian Open" (PDF). usta.com. United States Tennis Association. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  • "List of Australian Open men's champions". ESPN.com. Reuters. 2009-02-01. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
Specific
  1. ^ a b c "Tournament profile - Australian Open". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. Retrieved 2009-07-05.
  2. ^ a b c d e Foenander, Tristan. "History of the Australian Open – the Grand Slam of Asia/Pacific". australianopen.com. IBM, Tennis Australia. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  3. ^ a b c d "Grand Slam Tournaments - Australian Open" (PDF). usta.com. United States Tennis Association. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  4. ^ a b "1977 Grand Slam calendar". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  5. ^ a b "1986 Grand Slam calendar". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  6. ^ a b "Australian Open - History - Year-by-year". australianopen.com. IBM, Tennis Australia. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  7. ^ "Roddick survives 83-game epic". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. 2003-01-22. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  8. ^ a b c Schlink, Leo (2008-01-14). "Plexicushion replaces Rebound Ace at Australian Open". Herald Sun. The Herald and Weekly Times. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  9. ^ a b c d Bevan, Chris (2008-01-11). "On-court blues for Aussie tennis?". BBC Sport. BBC. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  10. ^ Vaughan, Gerard (2005-01-17). "Trophy has roots in an 18th-century antiquity". The Age. The Age Company Ltd. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  11. ^ "Australian Open - Prize Money". australianopen.com. IBM, Tennis Australia. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  12. ^ a b "Rod Laver Arena". mopt.com.au. Melbourne & Olympic Parks. Retrieved 2009-08-02.
  13. ^ Pearce, Linda (2009-01-30). "Let's call time on late-night tennis". The Age. The Age Company Ltd. Retrieved 2009-08-02.
  14. ^ Clarey, Christopher (2009-02-02). "Nadal defeats a tearful Federer in Australia". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved 2009-08-02.
  15. ^ "List of Classified Court Surfaces". itftennis.com. ITF Licensing. Retrieved 2009-08-01.
  16. ^ "Aching, Victorious Olmedo to Forsake Tennis for Study". Chicago Tribune. Tribune Interactive, Inc. 1959-01-27. Retrieved 2009-08-02.
  17. ^ "List of Australian Open men's champions". ESPN.com. Reuters. 2009-02-01. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  18. ^ Bick, Nina (1990-01-29). "Lendl Wins Title as Edberg Pulls Out". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved 2009-08-02.

External links edit

 
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