| DavidAnstiss/Cladosporiales | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Division: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | Cladosporiales |
| Family: | Cladosporiaceae Chalm. & R.G. Archibald
|
| Type genus | |
| Cladosporium Link (sexual morph Davidiella Crous & U. Braun) | |
The Cladosporiales are a monotypic, order of fungi, holding the single family of Cladosporiaceae Chalm. & R.G. Archibald, within the class Dothideomycetes.[2]
They are saprobic, endophytic, fungicolous, lichenicolous, human and plant pathogens.
Cladosporiales Abdollahz. & Crous This order, which includes saprobic, endophytic, fungicolous, lichenicolous, human and plant pathogens, was introduced based on the phylogenetic analyses by Abdollahzadeh et al. (2020),[1] to accommodate family Cladosporiaceae Chalm. & R.G. Archibald, which was previously placed in order Capnodiales (F. Selcuk).[2]
Cladosporiales Abdollahz. & Crous, ord. nov.
MycoBank number: MB 833140; Index Fungorum number: IF 833140; Facesoffungi number: FoF14146;
Etymology: Name refers to the genus Cladosporium.
Saprobic, endophytic, fungicolous, lichenicolous, human and plant pathogen. Ascomata pseudothecial, gregarious or scattered, immersed, black to red-brown, globose to subglobose, uniloculate, with 1(−3) short, periphysate ostiolar necks. Ostiole necks periphysoid. Hamathecium of hyaline, septate, subcylindrical pseudoparaphyses. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, sessile to short-stalked, obovoid to broadly ellipsoid or subcylindrical, straight to slightly curved. Ascospores bi- to multi-seriate, or overlapping, hyaline, obovoid to ellipsoid-fusiform, with irregular luminar inclusions. Asexual morphs hyphomycetous. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, simple or branched, brown. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal and intercalary, sympodial or synchronous, mostly polyblastic, conidiogenous loci conspicuous, darkened-refractive or not. Conidia mostly in branched or unbranched acropetal chains, subhyaline to brown, smooth to verrucose or echinulate, ramoconidia present or not, dry, conidium secession schizolytic (adapted from Bensch et al. 2012).[3] (faces)
Type genus: Cladosporium Link (sexual morph Davidiella Crous & U. Braun)
Family included: Cladosporiaceae Chalm. & R.G. Archibald (based on Cladosporium).
Type – Cladosporium Link.
Notes – Nannizzi (1934) introduced Cladosporiaceae to accommodate Cladosporium which is one of the largest genera of dematiaceous hyphomycetous.[4] Braun et al. (2003) proposed a new genus Davidiella and confirmed it as the sexual morph of Cladosporium based on molecular data.[5] The new genus was placed in family Mycosphaerellaceae (Braun et al. 2003).[5] However, Aptroot (2006) reported that the characters of ascospores in genus Davidiella are distinct from those of genus Mycosphaerella.[6] Schoch et al. (2006) performed phylogenetic analysis using four nuclear loci (LSU, SSU, rpb-2 and tef1) and separated Davidiella into a different family from Mycosphaerella (Mycosphaerellaceae).[7] Thus, a new family Davidiellaceae was introduced to accommodate Davidiella with its Cladosporium asexual morphs. However, Cladosporiaceae (1934) predates Davidiellaceae (2006) in order Capnodiales. Cladosporiaceae comprises nine genera. Wijayawardene et al. (2014b) proposed to adopt Cladosporium over Davidiella. (faces Cladosporiaceae)
Taxon edit
Cladosporiales Abdollahz. & Crous Cladosporiaceae Chalm. & R.G. Archibald
- Acroconidiella J.C. Lindq. & Alippi (5)
- Cladosporium Link (237 accepted species, 631 legitimate names at species level)
- Davidiellomyces Crous (1)
- Graphiopsis Trail (11)
- Neocladosporium J.D.P. Bezerra, Sandoval-Denis, C.M. Souza-Motta & Crous (1)
- Rachicladosporium Crous, U. Braun & C.F. Hill (14)
- Toxicocladosporium Crous & U. Braun (14)
- Verrucocladosporium K. Schub., Aptroot & Crous (2)
References edit
- ^ a b Abdollahzadeh, Jafar; Groenewald, J.Z.; Coetzee, Martin P. A.; Wingfield, M.J.; Crous, Pedro W. (March 2020). "Evolution of lifestyles in Capnodiales". Studies in Mycology. 95. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.004.
- ^ a b Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
- ^ Bensch, K.; Braun, U.; Groenewald, J.Z.; Crous, P.W. (2012). "The genus Cladosporium". Studies in Mycology. 72: 1–401. doi:10.3114/sim0003. PMID 22815589.
- ^ Nannizzi, A. (1934). "Repertorio sistematico dei miceti dell'uomo e degli animali". Trattato de Micopatologia Umana. 4.
- ^ a b Braun, U.; Crous, P.W.; Dugan, F.M.; Groenewald, J.Z.; Hoog, G.S. de. (2003). "Phylogeny and taxonomy of cladosporium-like hyphomycetes, including Davidiella gen. nov., the teleomorph of Cladosporium s.str". Mycological Progress ():. 2 (1): 3–18.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ Aptroot, A. (2006). Mycosphaerella and its anamorphs 2. Conspectus of Mycosphaerella (Series 5 ed.). Utrecht, The Netherlands.: CBS Biodiversity. pp. 1–231.
- ^ Schoch CL, Shoemaker RA, Seifert KA, Hambleton S, Spatafora JW, Crous PW (2006). "A multigene phylogeny of the Dothideomycetes using four nuclear loci" (PDF). Mycologia. 98 (6): 1041–52. doi:10.1080/15572536.2006.11832632. PMID 17486979.
Other sources edit
;Category:Dothideomycetes ;Category:Fungal plant pathogens and diseases ;Category:Ascomycota orders