Small Changes edit
link to the PLC page
Phospholipase C, gamma 1, also known as PLCG1, is a protein that in humans involved in cell growth, migration, apoptosis, and proliferation. It is encoded by the PLCG1 gene and is part of the PLC superfamily.
In first paragraph add IP3 and DAG for clarification as currently it is difficult to read
Clarify PLCγ1 function - first paragraph is confusing and hard to follow, begin it with
PLCγ1 is a cell growth factor[1][2] from the PLC superfamily. PLCγ1 is used during the cell growth[1] and in a cell migration[3] and apoptosis[2], all of which are vital cell processes that, if disrupted by mutations, can cause cancerous cells to form within the body. Mutations in this protein show an increase in issues in cells regarding regulation of proliferation and their cell signaling.[1] PLCγ1 roles are also involved in neuronal actin growth, calcium signaling, and brain development.[4][2][3] It is highly regulated by multiple factors, such as PIK3, AMPK, and FAK.[2][5] It is part of the PIP3 pathway and leads to and increase in calcium in the cells. In neuronal cells, PLCγ1 is highly involved in actin cytoskeleton organization and synaptic plasticity.[4] The basic PLCγ1 pathway, as scientists currently understand it, is seen below.
End Function section with and then replace clinical significance with the cancer section.
In vitro studies have shown signs of PLCγ1 having many cell-motility functions, however in vivo have not been able to show a physiological role for PLCγ1.[4] While PLCγ1 is well documented and easily found in the body, clear connections and roles for PLCγ1 have been difficult to find in in vivo studies. Despite this, there is still able to find links between levels of PLCγ1 and cancer patient survivability.
Cancer edit
While there is a strong link between PLCγ1 and tumor growth/cancer progression, most research is in early stages. Cancer is also a very unique illness in that every patient has different needs. Information here is not to be used as treatment and instead as a way to better understand cancer progression.
Mutations in PLCγ1 can lead to cancer cell proliferations and inhibition can lead to tumor growth.[5] PLCγ1 is involved in cell proliferation, and mutations cause it to be over expressed and help the progression of tumor cells. This aspect of PLCγ1 also helps cancer migration and metastasis away from the original tumor cells.[3][2] There is also a link between PLCγ1 and PDK, the PDK-PLCγ1 pathway, which is a vital part of cancer cell invasion.[2]
The inhibition of PLCγ1 is linked to a decrease in tumor growth and metastasis.[5][3] PLCγ1 is acting as a vital part in stopping apoptosis in cells, and thus by inhibiting PLCγ1 the body better allows programmed cell death and avoidance of tumors.[5][3] The main role found for PLCγ1 is cell growth, and this role in specific is why it is becoming more commonly studied for anti-cancer drugs.[3][2] Tissue samples from cancer patients the PLCγ1 levels are not elevated, however, regulatory factors for this proteins are lowered and that amplification of PLCγ1 is extremely high.[3] The regulatory proteins that stop PLCγ1 have been turned off by the cell, which means that while there is no increase in the physical protein PLCγ1 there is an increase in how much work it is doing - nothing is stopping it from over working itself. Studies also showed that adding new regulatory to cells in vitro helped reduce previously amplified PLCγ1.[5] This information has encouraged PLCγ1 becoming an anti-cancer drug target despite the issues that come with targeting intermembrane proteins.[5][2][1]
Main info from each source edit
Resources for PLCG1 page — Preceding unsigned comment added by DKitch21 (talk • contribs) 18:27, 23 September 2020 (UTC)
References edit
- ^ a b c d e Koss, H; Bunney, TD; Behjati, S; Katan, M (December 2014). "Dysfunction of phospholipase Cγ in immune disorders and cancer". Trends in biochemical sciences. 39 (12): 603–11. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2014.09.004. PMID 25456276.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Lattanzio, R; Piantelli, M; Falasca, M (September 2013). "Role of phospholipase C in cell invasion and metastasis". Advances in biological regulation. 53 (3): 309–18. doi:10.1016/j.jbior.2013.07.006. PMID 23925006.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Jang, HJ; Suh, PG; Lee, YJ; Shin, KJ; Cocco, L; Chae, YC (January 2018). "PLCγ1: Potential arbitrator of cancer progression". Advances in biological regulation. 67: 179–189. doi:10.1016/j.jbior.2017.11.003. PMID 29174396.
- ^ a b c d Kang, DS; Kim, IS; Baik, JH; Kim, D; Cocco, L; Suh, PG (January 2020). "The function of PLCγ1 in developing mouse mDA system". Advances in biological regulation. 75: 100654. doi:10.1016/j.jbior.2019.100654. PMID 31558431.
- ^ a b c d e f g Lu, Xiaohong; Fu, Haijing; Chen, Rui; Wang, Yue; Zhan, Yanyan; Song, Gang; Hu, Tianhui; Xia, Chun; Tian, Xuemei; Zhang, Bing (2020). "Phosphoinositide specific phospholipase Cγ1 inhibition-driven autophagy caused cell death in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in vivo and in vitro". International Journal of Biological Sciences. 16 (8): 1427–1440. doi:10.7150/ijbs.42962. ISSN 1449-2288. PMC 7085223. PMID 32210730.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
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