My preferred (and thus proposed) style rules for numbers, units, currencies, times (not dates).

Manual of Style: Numbers and Units
Do Don’t Comment
1.23 1.23 1,23 1,23 decimal point
1.23 1.23 1·23 1·23
1 000 1 000 1000 1000 not for years
1 000 1 000 1,000 1,000 debatable
1 000 000 1 000 000 10 00 000 10 00 000 Indic
1 000 1 000 1’000 1’000
−1 −1 -1 -1 same width and vertical position
+1 +1 + 1 + 1
1 + 2 = 3 1 + 2 = 3 1+2=3 1+2=3
½ ½ 1/2 1/2 if available; debatable
1+12 {{frac|1|1|2}} experimental, debatable
12 {{frac|1|2}} ½ ½
1+12 {{frac|1|1|2}} 32 {{frac|3|2}}
1 m × 1 m = 1 m² 1 m × 1 m = 1 m² 1 m · 1 m = 1 m² 1 m · 1 m = 1 m² vector, geometric
1.23×1012 1.23{{e|12}} 1.23 · 1012 1.23 · 10<sup>12</sup>
1.23 · 1012 1.23 &middot; 10<sup>12</sup> 1.23 × 1012 1.23 &times; 10<sup>12</sup> scalar
1.23 · 1012 1.23 · 10<sup>12</sup> 1.23E+12 1.23E+12
1.23E+12 1.23E+12 1.23E12 1.23E12
1.23E+12 1.23E+12 1.23 E+12 1.23 E+12
1.23E+12 1.23E+12 1.23e+12 1.23e+12
FF_16 FF{{base|16}} FF16 FF<sub>16</sub> experimental; debatable
FF16 FF<sub>16</sub> 0xFF 0xFF
FF16 FF<sub>16</sub> FFh FFh
FF16 FF<sub>16</sub> FFhex FF<sub>hex</sub>
1.23 USD 1.23 USD USD 1.23 USD 1.23
1.23 USD 1.23 USD 1.23 US$ 1.23 US$
1.23 USD 1.23 USD 1.23 $ 1.23 $
1.23 USD 1.23 USD $1.23 $1.23
1.23 USD 1.23 USD 1$23 1$23
1 m 1&nbsp;m 1 m 1 m non-breaking space, left out in subsequent examples
1 m 1&nbsp;m 1m 1m
1 °C 1&nbsp;°C 1°C 1°C
1 °C 1 °C 1 ℃ 1 &#x2103;
1 ° 1&nbsp;° also %
1′, 1″ 1&prime;, 1&Prime; 1', 1" 1', 1"
1°23′45″ 1°23′45″ 1 ° 23 ′ 45 ″ 1 ° 23 ′ 45 ″
12:34:56 12:34:56 12h34m56s 12h34m56s
01:23:45 01:23:45 1:23:45 1:23:45
12:34 12:34 12.34 PM 12.34 PM
12.34 PM 12.34 PM 12.34 p.m. 12.34 p.m.
12.34 PM 12.34 PM 12.34 pm 12.34 pm
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 3 January 2000 3 January 2000 linking debatable
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 3 Jan 2000 3 Jan 2000
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 3 JAN 2000 3 JAN 2000
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 03 January 2000 03 January 2000
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 3 January 00 3 January 00
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 3 January ’00 3 January ’00
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 3 January, 2000 3 January, 2000
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 3. January 2000 3. January 2000 debatable
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 3rd January 2000 3rd January 2000
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 January 3rd, 2000 January 3rd, 2000
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 2000, January 3rd 2000, January 3rd
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 2000-01-03 2000-01-03 except in tables
3 January 2000 3 January 2000 3 January 2000 3 January 2000
2000-01-03 2000-01-03 20000103 20000103
2000-01-03 2000-01-03 2000/01/03 2000/01/03
2000-01-03 2000-01-03 2000-03-01 2000-03-01
2000-01-03 2000-01-03 2000-1-3 2000-1-3
2000-01-03 2000-01-03 01-03-2000 01-03-2000
2000-01-03 2000-01-03 03-01-2000 03-01-2000
2000-01-03 2000-01-03 00-01-03 00-01-03
−2000 &minus;2000 2000 BC 2000 BC debatable
−2000 &minus;2000 2000 BCE 2000 BCE
2000 BC 2000 BC 2000 BCE 2000 BCE
1 m 1 m 1 m ''1 m''
1 m 1 m 1 mtr. 1 mtr.
2 m 2 m 2 ms 2 ms
1 km 1 km 1 000 m 1 000 m
1 m² 1 m² 1 m2 1 m<sup>2</sup> if possible; debatable
1 m² 1 m&sup2; 1 sq.m 1 sq.m
1 m³ 1 m&sup3; 1 cu.m 1 cu.m
1 N·m 1 N&middot;m 1 Nm 1 Nm
1 N·m 1 N&middot;m 1 N m 1 N m
1 N·m 1 N&middot;m 1 N.m 1 N.m
1 N·m 1 N&middot;m 1 N-m 1 N-m
1 kg/(m·s²) 1 kg/(m·s²) 1 kg/m·s² 1 kg/m·s² syntactically incorrect
1 kg/(m·s²) 1 kg/(m·s²) 1 kg/m/s² 1 kg/m/s² syntactically correct
1 kg/(m·s²) 1 kg/(m·s²) 1 kg·m−1·s−2 1 kg·m<sup>−1</sup>·s<sup>−2</sup>
1 kg/(m·s²) 1 kg/(m·s²) kgm·s² 1 {{frac|kg|m·s²}}
1 kg/(m·s²) 1 kg/(m·s²) <math>1\,\frac{\mathrm{kg}}{\mathrm{m} \cdot \mathrm{s}^2}</math>
1 in 1 in 1 in. 1 in. debatable
1 in 1 in 1″ 1″
1 ft 2 in 1 ft 2 in 1.2 ft 1.2 ft
1 ft 2 in 1 ft 2 in 1ft2 1ft2
meters per second meters/second
1000 bit = 1 kbit 1000 bit = 1 kbit 1024 bit = 1 kbit 1024 bit = 1 kbit
1024 bit = 1 Kibit 1024 bit = 1 Kibit 1024 bit = 1 kbit 1024 bit = 1 kbit
1 kHz 1 kHz 1 kbit/s 1 kbit/s
1 kbit/s 1 kbit/s 1 Kbit/s 1 Kbit/s
1 kbit/s 1 kbit/s 1 kb/s 1 kb/s
1 kbit/s 1 kbit/s 1 kbps 1 kbps
8 bit = 1 byte 8 bit = 1 byte 8 b = 1 B 8 b = 1 B