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Viktor Karlovich Bulla ( August 1 1883 , Saint-Petersburg - 1938 ) - Russian photographer and one of the pioneers of cinema.

Biography

The son of Karl Karlovich Bulla.Catholic religion. В 1899. In 1899 he graduated from the British School in St. Petersburg. Photographic education in Germany. He joined his father in the shop with his brother Alexander.

Received independent recognition of 19 years of age, during the Russian-Japanese war , being attached to the post of a photojournalist to the Siberian Reserve Brigade [1] . Front-line reports of Victor published in the journals " Niva "and" Sparks, "and reprinted all unreleased at the time in Russia, newspapers and magazines, often getting into the pages of foreign publications. Victor was in the center of events, often taking on the duties of the "brothers of mercy," and was subsequently awarded a silver medal "For Courage" at the St. George ribbon to be worn on the right chest [1] .

After the war he returned to the work of a photojournalist in the family photo agency, but soon enjoys newsreel. In one of the issues of the journal " Kinema "ad appeared:" The new factory Bulla is preparing to release new products. It was an advertisement for an open jointly with his brother Alexander in 1909, the partnership " Apollo "on the production and distribution of species and the newsreel films, where the President at the same time was a cameraman, producer and director. 1910) . Over two years of the partnership, other than the official chronicles, the brothers were released about 40 paintings, among which there is a unique, dedicated to the sport: the international competitions of skaters in Vyborg and St. Petersburg auto race-Rome-St Petersburg (along with his brother Alexander and operator F. Verigo-Darovskim , 1910) [3] . Since 1911, a partnership, "Apollo" broadcast wholesale rental and sale of films kinopredpriyatiyu "Prodafilm" , which was engaged in the adaptation of the classic works of literature. Only a year Victor photographed over 20 short films. Then the drama was filmed A. Ostrovsky , " On the busiest place , "" Blue Bird " M. Maeterlinck , and even a fairy tale " The Frog Princess ".

Since the beginning of World War I President resumed work in a photo of his father, removed the revolutionary events of 1917-1918. В эти же годы продолжил работу кинооператора и принял участие в создании документального фильма о Февральской революции 1917 года (« Хроника революции в Петрограде »). During these years, continued to work cinematographer and participated in the creation of a documentary about the February Revolution of 1917 (" Chronicle of the Revolution in Petrograd "). Динамичные и образные кадры фотографа послужили основой для режиссеров С. Dynamic and imaginative photographer shots were the basis for the directors of C. Эйзенштейна и М. Eisenstein , and M. Чиаурели при создании фильмов о революции 1917 года. [1] Chiaureli to create films about the revolution in 1917. [1]

Снимал события октябрьского восстания 1917 года , затем руководил фотографией Петроградского Совета, располагавшейся в бывшем ателье К. К. Буллы (Невский проспект, д. 54). I photographed the events of October 1917 uprising , and then directed the photography of the Petrograd Soviet, was situated in the former studio of KK Bulla (Nevsky prospect, 54). Стал одним из создателей кино- и фотоленинианы (снимал В. И. Ленина на восьмом и девятом съездах РКП(б) в 1919—1920 годах; во время работы второго и третьего конгрессов Коминтерна , в 1920—1921 гг.). He became one of the creators of the film and fotoleniniany (filmed by VI Lenin in the eighth and ninth congresses of the RCP (b) in 1919-1920, while the second and third congresses of the Comintern , in 1920-1921.). Создал фотопортреты Зиновьева , Каменева , Сталина и других советских и партийных деятелей, фактически выступая в качестве штатного фотографа Смольного [5] [6] . He created portraits of Zinoviev , Kamenev , Stalin and other Soviet and Party leaders, in fact, acting as a staff photographer Smolny .

В 1921 году совершил поездку в Баку , на нефтяные промыслы Биби-Эйбат. [1] In 1921 he traveled to Baku , the oil wells of Bibi Heybat. [1]

В 1928 году состоялась выставка «Советская фотография за 10 лет», на которой Александр и Виктор Булла представили 30 фоторепортажей, превзойдя числом, и разнообразием сюжетов остальных участников. In 1928 the exhibition "The Soviet photography for 10 years", in which Alexander and Victor Bulla submitted 30 photos, surpassing the number and variety of stories of other participants. Тогда жюри выставки присудило им почетный диплом, что считалось очень высокой наградой. Then show the jury awarded him an honorary diploma, which was considered a very high reward.

Фотографическое собрание семьи (132 683 негатива) в 1935 передал в Архив Октябрьской революции и социалистического строительства Ленинградской области. The photographic collection of families (132,683 negatives) in 1935 handed over to the Archives October revolution and socialist construction of the Leningrad Region.

15 июля 1939 года(по другим сведениям 23 июня 1938 года) арестован по доносу одного из сотрудников фотосалона Буллы. July 15, 1939 (other sources June 23, 1938) was arrested on the denunciation of one of the employees Bulla Photo Salon. Известно, что допрашивали Виктора всего два раза. It is known that Victor was questioned only twice. После первого никаких обвинений предъявить не удалось, а на втором допросе он был вынужден «сознаться» в шпионской деятельности. After the first no charges could not be present, and the second interrogation, he was forced to "confess" to espionage activities. В 1938 году родственником арестованного сообщили, что Виктор Булла — « Враг народа ». In 1938, a relative of the arrested said that Viktor Bulla - " Enemy of the People . " Сослан в ДВК . Sent to DCC . «Десять лет без права переписки». "Ten years incommunicado." Впоследствии родным сообщили, что В. Булла умер от рака желудка в 1944 году в одном из дальневосточных лагерей, однако внуку Виктора Булла, Андрею Леоновичу Каменскому, удалось найти документ, согласно которому Виктор Булла был расстрелян в октябре 1938 года. Subsequently, the mother reported that V. Bull died of stomach cancer in 1944 at one of the camps of the Far East, but the grandson of Victor Bull, Andrei Leonovich Kamensky, managed to find a document under which Victor Bulla was shot in October 1938. Репрессии в отношении Виктора и Александра, с учетом эмиграции их отца, означали запрет на упоминание фамилии всех Булла где бы то ни было. Repression of Victor and Alexander, in view of their father's emigration meant a ban on mentioning the names of all Bulla anywhere else. Снимки их печатались как анонимные или под другими фамилиями, вплоть до « перестройки ». [5] [4] Pictures of them were published as anonymous or under other names, including " restructuring ". [5], [4]

Descendants

The son of Victor - Yuri (born 1919) also became a photographer, worked in Leningrad pioneering photojournalist of newspaper " Lenin sparks . " В 1941 году погиб на ленинградском фронте . [4] In 1941 he died at the Leningrad front . [4]

Дочь и внук Виктора Буллы, Валентина Викторовна и Андрей Леонович Каминские, до сих пор живут в Петербурге . [5] The daughter and grandson Victor Bulla, Valentina and Andrey Leonovich Kaminski, still live in St. Petersburg . [5]

Awards

серебряная медаль «За храбрость» на Георгиевской ленте с правом ношения на груди Silver Medal "For Courage" at the St. George ribbon to be worn on the right chest

Books

• "Anthology of Soviet photography, 1917-1940" Planet Publisher, Moscow 1986

Further reading

• Russian photography. Середина XIX- начало XX вв., М., 1996; The middle of XIX-early XX centuries., MA, 1996;
• Никитин В. А., Рассказы о фотографах и фотографиях, Л.,1991. Nikitin VA, stories and photographs of photographers, L., 1991.