User:Antiqueight/Women in Horror

In Date 1, 10–15% of Horror writers were female despite Frankenstein (1818) by Mary Shelley having been called the first science fiction novel and possibly a horror novel though Gothic horror was already a popular genre^[1] Early published fantasy was written by and for both genders. However, speculative fiction, with science fiction in particular, has traditionally been viewed as a male-oriented genre.^[2]

NEED CONTENT> WHAT DO I KNOW FROM HORROR?!!?

Women horror artists

Women horror writers

Female horror fiction characters

Women in horror film

Directors

Actors

Submissions (to TOR 2013) by genre	Women	Men
Horror	17%	83%

Fans

Festivals

Gender

[...] science fiction and fantasy pulp magazines were directed mainly at boys[...]. Female characters were only occasionally included in science fiction pulp stories; the male protagonists' lengthy explanations to the women with limited knowledge revealed the plots

Garber, Eric and Paleo, Lyn "Preface" in Uranian worlds.^[3]

The highlighting of gender in horror films has varied widely throughout the genre's history. Some writers and artists have challenged their society's gender norms in producing their work; others have not. Speculative and science fiction fandoms have generally become less proportionately male over time. In step with this, so have the casts of characters portrayed in fiction; similarly, considerations of gender in speculative and science fiction have increased in frequency and nuance over time.^[4]

Influence of political movements

The study of women within science fiction in the last decades of the twentieth century was driven in part by the feminist and gay liberation movements, and has included strands of the various related and spin-off movements, such as gender studies and queer theory.

Notes

^ Aldiss, Brian W. (1973). Billion Year Spree: The True History of Science Fiction (1st ed.). Garden city: N.Y. ISBN 978-0385088879.^{[page needed]}
^ Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter (1999). "Sex". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (2nd ed.). Great Britain: Orbit. p. 1088. ISBN 1-85723-897-4.
^ Eric Garber, Lyn Paleo. Uranian Worlds: A Guide to Alternative Sexuality in Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror, G K Hall: 1983. ISBN 0-8161-8573-5; p. viii
^ Bainbridge, William. “Women in Science Fiction.” Sex Roles, vol. 8, no. 10, 1982, pp. 1081–1093.

References

[aldiss73-1] Aldiss, Brian W. (1973). Billion Year Spree: The True History of Science Fiction (1st ed.). Garden city: N.Y. ISBN 978-0385088879.^{[page needed]}

[EoSF-2] Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter (1999). "Sex". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (2nd ed.). Great Britain: Orbit. p. 1088. ISBN 1-85723-897-4.

[Uranian_worlds-3] Eric Garber, Lyn Paleo. Uranian Worlds: A Guide to Alternative Sexuality in Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror, G K Hall: 1983. ISBN 0-8161-8573-5; p. viii

[4] Bainbridge, William. “Women in Science Fiction.” Sex Roles, vol. 8, no. 10, 1982, pp. 1081–1093.

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