Sovereign states edit

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  •  Qasim - Qasim Khanate
  •   QatarState of Qatar
  •   Qu'aitiQu'aiti State in Hadhramaut
  •   QwaQwaBantustan in South Africa

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  1. ^ Aceh was established in the late 14th century and was completely conquered by the Dutch in 1904.
  2. ^ Ajuran became gradually a well-respcted empire from 1550 to 1650.
  3. ^ Ayutthaya, is a Thai kingdom that was established in 1350 until its downfall in 1767.
  4. ^ Philip IV sometimes used the title of "King of Spain", but actually ruled over a dynastic union consisting of the Crown of Aragon (Aragon, Valencia, Barcelona, Mallorca, Naples, Sardinia, and Sicily), the Crown of Castile (Castile and León) and the Spanish Netherlands. This empire did not have a national flag in 1648.