Yugh is a subgroup language derived from the common Yesinian language and has been extinct since the 1970's, It has been documented to have been spoken in the West Siberian Taiga by hunter gatherers in North Asia outside of the Pacific Rim. The common Yesinian language along with its three main subgroups Yugh, Assan and Pumpokol are extremely endangered and are disappearing rapidly.
1-Classification:
Yugh is classified as an extremely endangered language spoken by less than 500 people located in small villages by the Yenisei River. Yugh is a Yeniseian language, which is closely related to Ket, formerly spoken by the Yugh tribe who are one of the southern groups along the Yenisei River in central Siberia.
2-History:
The Yugh speakers are a part of an indigenous group who are survivors of an ancient people that originally inhabited areas throughout central Siberia. The Yugh people lived along the Yenisei River from Yeniseisk to the mouth of the Dupches River. In recent history the Yugh language is regarded as a dialect of the Ket language, which is considered to be a language isolate, and was therefore called\ Southern Ket. By the early 1990s there were only two or three non-fluent speakers remaining, and the language was virtually extinct. In the 2010 census only one ethnic Yugh was counted
3-Geographic Distribution:
The subgroup languages Yugh, Assan and Pumpokol of common Yesinian languages take their names from smaller rivers in Western Siberia.Contact with Russians have led to rapid language decline among Yugh ans smaller Yessenian subgroups.
4-Sounds/Phonology:
Although there is much linguistic conservatism Yugh contains a myriad number of neighboring Russian loans but very few have been assimilated to yesinian phonology. Yugh and its substrate contain Russian as well as Turkic dialects which have integrated into its phonologies. Overtime the Yugh language has undergone an expansion/contraction (E/C) model of historical sound change.
5-Grammar:
6-Vocabulary/Lexis: The Soviet Union decided to assimilate national minorities including the Yugh tribes in an attempt to overcome their perceived backwardness by sending Ket children to Russian boarding schools. The Soviet government then arranged for the Ket tribes to permanently reside in Russian villages; therefore allowing Yugh speakers to come into close everyday contact with Russian languages and culture.This method of forced bilingualism created an inevitable shift of language usage from Yugh to Russian.
7-Writing Systems:
8-Examples:
9-References:
10-External Links:
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