| European theatre of World War II | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of World War II | |||||||
 From left to right, top to bottom
| |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
|
Fance and its client states: |
Axis:Axis puppet states Kingdom of Yugoslavia (for two days) | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| |||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 18,950,000+ troops (total that served)[4][5][6] |
 18,000,000+ troops (total that served)[7][8][6] 2,560,000 troops (total that served)[9] | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 9,007,590–10,338,576+ killed, 5,778,680+ captured[nb 10][nb 11][14] | 5,406,110–5,798,110+ killed,[nb 12][15][16] 8,709,840 captured[16][nb 13] | ||||||
| 19,650,000–25,650,000 civilians killed[nb 14][27] | |||||||
| Stephen | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Stephen in 2028 | |
| Co-Emperor of the French[k] | |
| Reign | 2 December 2028 – present |
| Predecessor | Gabriel Attal (as President of France) Napoleon III (1870, as Emperor) |
| Heir apparent | Alain, Prince Imperial[l] |
| Prime Minister of France | |
| Assumed office 26 April 2027 | |
| President | Gabriel Attal |
| Preceded by | Gabriel Attal |
| Minister for Europe | |
| Assumed office 26 April 2027 | |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Co-President of Concorde | |
| Assumed office 2 December 2028 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 11 January 2024 – 26 April 2027 | |
| Prime Minister | Gabriel Attal |
| Preceded by | Catherine Colonna |
| Succeeded by | Hervé Berville |
| General Secretary of Renaissance | |
| In office 18 September 2022 – 2 December 2028 | |
| President |
|
| Preceded by | Stanislas Guerini (as Executive Officer) |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| Leader of Renew Europe | |
| In office 19 October 2021 – 11 January 2024 | |
| Preceded by | Dacian Cioloș |
| Succeeded by | Valérie Hayer |
| Member of the National Assembly for Hauts-de-Seine's 9th constituency | |
| In office 8 July 2024 – 2 December 2028 | |
| Preceded by | Emmanuel Pellerin |
| Succeeded by | Thierry Solère |
| Member of the European Parliament for France | |
| In office 2 July 2019 – 11 January 2024 | |
| Succeeded by | Guy Lavocat |
| Issue | Alain, Prince Imperial |
| House | Attal-Sejourne |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 26 March 1985 (age 44) Versailles, France |
| Political party | Concorde (since 2028) |
| Other political affiliations |
|
| Spouse |
Gabriel Attal (m. 2025) |
| Domestic partner | Gabriel Attal (2015–2022) |
| Alma mater | University of Poitiers |
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ Claus Kreß, Robert Lawless, Oxford University Press, Nov 30, 2020, Necessity and Proportionality in International Peace and Security Law, p. 450
- ^ David Stahel, Cambridge University Press, 2018, Joining Hitler's Crusade, p. 78
- ^ Robert Bideleux, Ian Jeffries, Routledge, Jan 24, 2007, The Balkans: A Post-Communist History, p. 84
- ^ Frieser, Karl-Heinz (2013)The Blitzkrieg Legend. Naval Institute Press
- ^ MacDonald 2005, p. 478.
- ^ a b Glantz & House 2015, pp. 301–303.
- ^ Overmans, Rüdiger (2004). Deutsche militärische Verluste im Zweiten Weltkrieg (in German). München: Oldenbourg. Page 215.
- ^ Total German soldiers who surrendered in the West, including 3,404,950 who surrendered after the end of the war, is given as 7,614,790. To this must be added the 263,000–655,000 who died, giving a rough total of 8 million German soldiers having served on the Western Front in 1944–1945.Ellis 1993, p. 256
- ^ Regio Esercito: The Italian Royal Army in Mussolini's Wars, 1935–1943, Patrick Cloutier, p. 211.
- ^ a b Ellis 1993, p. 255.
- ^ MacDonald 2005, p. 478: "Allied casualties from D-day to V–E totaled 766,294. American losses were 586,628, including 135,576 dead. The British, Canadians, French, and other allies in the west lost slightly over 60,000 dead".
- ^ a b Ellis 1993, p. 256.
- ^ U.S. Army Casualties in World War II 1951.
- ^ Vadim Erlikman, Poteri narodonaseleniia v XX veke: spravochnik. Moscow 2004. ISBN 5-93165-107-1; Mark Axworthy, Third Axis Fourth Ally. Arms and Armour 1995, p. 216. ISBN 1-85409-267-7
- ^ George C Marshall, Biennial reports of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army to the Secretary of War : 1 July 1939 – 30 June 1945 Washington, DC : Center of Military History, 1996. Page 202 Archived 1 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ a b
- Rüdiger Overmans, Deutsche militärische Verluste im Zweiten Weltkrieg. Oldenbourg 2000. ISBN 3-486-56531-1, "German military deaths to all causes EF". Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- Richard Overy The Dictators: Hitler's Germany and Stalin's Russia (2004), ISBN 0-7139-9309-X[page needed]
- Italy:
- Ufficio Storico dello Stato Maggiore dell'Esercito. Commissariato generale C.G.V. . Ministero della Difesa – Edizioni 1986
- Romania: Krivosheev 2001, Tables 200–203.
- Hungary: Krivosheev 2001, Tables 200–203.
- Hungarian wounded: Clodfelter 2017, p. 527.
- Soviet volunteer deaths:
- Percy Schramm Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht: 1940–1945: 8 Bde. (ISBN 9783881990738 ) Pages 1508 to 1511
- German prisoners: Krivosheev 2001, Table 198.
- ^ Niewyk, Donald L. The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust, Columbia University Press, 2000; ISBN 0-231-11200-9, p. 421.
- ^ Statistisches Jahrbuch für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960 Bonn 1961 p. 78
- ^ Bundesarchiv Euthanasie" im Nationalsozialismus, bundesarchiv.de; accessed 5 March 2016.(German)
- ^ Frumkin 1951, pp. 58–59.
- ^ "Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Netherlands" (PDF). Retrieved 4 March 2016.
- ^ Frumkin 1951, p. 44–45.
- ^ Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2013–2014, page 44.
- ^ Frumkin 1951, p. 144.
- ^ "Hvor mange dræbte danskere?". Danish Ministry of Education. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
- ^ Frumkin 1951, p. 59.
- ^ Krivosheev 1997.
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