User:15ejmw/sandbox

1.Is everything in the article relevant to the article topic? Is there anything that distracted you?

2.Is the article neutral? Are there any claims, or frames, that appear heavily biased toward a particular position?

3.Are there viewpoints that are overrepresented, or underrepresented?

4.Check a few citations. Do the links work? Does the source support the claims in the article?

5.Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference? Where does the information come from? Are they secondary sources? Are these neutral sources? If biased, is that bias noted?

6.Is any information out of date (within 5 years from the publication date)? Is anything missing that could be added?

a) Other possible viral causes are arbovirus (St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile encephalitis virus), bunyavirus (La Crosse strain), arenavirus (lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus) and reovirus (Colorado tick virus).[10] - source is from 2004: Kennedy, P. G. E. (2004-03-01). "Viral Encephalitis: Causes, Differential Diagnosis, and Management". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 75 (Suppl 1): i10–5. PMC 1765650 Freely accessible. PMID 14978145. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2003.034280.

b) "may be a complication of a current infectious disease syphilis (secondary encephalitis).[12]" - source from 2008: Hama, Kiwa; Ishiguchi, Hiroshi; Tuji, Tomikimi; Miwa, Hideto; Kondo, Tomoyoshi (2008-01-01). "Neurosyphilis with Mesiotemporal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abnormalities". Internal Medicine. 47 (20): 1813–7. PMID 18854635. doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.47.0983.

c) "The number of new cases a year of acute encephalitis in Western countries is 7.4 cases per 100,000 population per year. In tropical countries, the incidence is 6.34 per 100,000 per year" - Jmor F, Emsley HC, et al. (October 2008). "The incidence of acute encephalitis syndrome in Western industrialised and tropical countries". Virology Journal. 5 (134): 134. PMC 2583971 Freely accessible. PMID 18973679. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-5-134.

NOTE: these particular fact may have changes significantly since 2008!

Overall, it seems that each of the categories need additional information, especially diagnosis, treatment, prevention, epidemiology.

7. Check out the Talk page of the article. What kinds of conversations, if any, are going on behind the scenes about how to represent this topic?

8. Outline the article as it stands. What do you plan to contribute?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis

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Wiki Assignment 2 ----------------------

Assignment #2 Instructions

Hand in a summary of your group's work on the bibliography to the "submit assignments" button on the Medtech course page, including the words Wikiassignment2 and your group number in the document title. Please make sure that you use a word document rather than a .pdf.

Every member of the group should have found a citation to add to the page.

Please make sure that each member of the group explains (using no more than one page and ideally less):

1) how they searched for their source (search strategy – where you went to find it) - Searched Pub Med with MeSH term “encephalitis” - selected first “encephalitis” then checked epidemiology add to search builder selected systematic reviews resulted in 23 articles

2) what potential sources were identified and considered (give examples of 1 or 2)

1. Epidemiology and outcomes of acute encephalitis. Venkatesan A. Curr Opin Neurol. 2015 Jun;28(3):277-82. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000199. Review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Mar 20;9(3):e0003630. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003630. eCollection 2015 Mar. PMID 25887770 http://dw2zn6fm9z.search.serialssolutions.com/?V=1.0&sid=PubMed:LinkOut&pmid=25887770

2. What is new about epidemiology of acute infectious encephalitis? Stahl JP, Mailles A. Curr Opin Neurol. 2014 Jun;27(3):337-41. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000097. Review. PMID 24751960

3. Khandaker, G., Jung, J., Britton, P. N., King, C., Yin, J. K. and Jones, C. A. (2016), Long-term outcomes of infective encephalitis in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dev Med Child Neurol, 58: 1108–1115. doi:10.1111/dmcn.13197

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dmcn.13197/abstract;jsessionid=7EBD56F301F50379336DC4A486E2E9C1.f02t02

4. Epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in the Philippines: a systematic review. Lopez AL1, Aldaba JG1, Roque VG Jr2, Tandoc AO 3rd3, Sy AK3, Espino FE4, DeQuiroz-Castro M5, Jee Y6, Ducusin MJ7, Fox KK6.

5. Climate change, vector-borne diseases and working population. Vonesch N, D'Ovidio MC, Melis P, Remoli ME, Ciufolini MG, Tomao P. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2016 Jul-Sep;52(3):397-405. doi: 10.4415/ANN_16_03_11. Review.

3) why the source was chosen

Epidemiology and outcomes of acute encephalitis. Venkatesan A. Curr Opin Neurol. 2015 Jun;28(3):277-82. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000199. Review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Mar 20;9(3):e0003630. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003630. eCollection 2015 Mar. PMID 25887770

I chose this source firstly because it is a recent (2015) systematic review. This review includes specific mortality rates for different subcategories or strains of encephalitis, which would add much needed perspective to the Wikipedia page. It is the most up to date and relevant review for the purposes of my search for epidemiology of encephalitis.

4) list at least three reasons why the source that was selected met Wikipedia’s reliable medical sources criteria

- The source was published within the last 5 years - The source is a systematic review of multiple primary and secondary sources - The source provides an overview of current understanding of the topic

5) how you plan to use the source for improving the article

This article provides information that will improve the wiki article’s epidemiology section. The article includes mortality rates of acute encephalitis, herpes simplex encephalitis, West Nile virus associated encephalitis, and other arboviral enciphalitides. Including these mortality rates will update the article and provide further perspective on the condition’s severity in different populations. Interestingly, the article also points out that changes in the epidemiology will be effected by climate change and vector patterns, which leaves me curious to consider further studies about climate change and patterns in encephalitis, and potentially include a subsection on this in the wiki article.

For each reference (one per person), you will be marked out of 10 using the below rubric: 1) 1 marks for appropriateness of search strategy 2) 2 marks for citations identified / considered 3) 2 marks for a clear rationale for why this resource was the best choice 4) 3 marks for 3 reasons that this meets the criteria set by Wikipedia 5) 2 marks for what you plan to do with this source

Keep a list of all sources considered for inclusion on a bibliography on your sandbox. Remember that there is one assignment for each group but clearly document who did which part. 

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Assignment 3:

Points to add to Epidemiology

The incidence of Encephalitis has not changed much over time, with an incidence of encephalitis in the US of 250,000 over the last 10 years. (Ventakesan, 276) Approximately seven per 100,000 patients were hospitalized for encephalitis in the US during this time. (Venkatesan, 276)

However, in the US hospitalization rates have shifted from more males than females, to more females than males hospitalized for encephalitis, a trend that was also seen in Canada. (Venkatesan, 278)

The most common cause of encephalitis in the US was viral, and specifically herpes encephalitis. (Ventaktesan, 276)

Prognosis (should we make a new heading for prognosis or keep it under epi?)

The mortality rates of encephalitis are between 5 and 15%, with possible comorbidities of physical and cognitive dysfunction upon survival.(ventakesan, 279).

A study from 2013 of 100 patients admitted to the intensive care unit with diagnosis of encephalitis, the mortality was found to be 20%. (Ventakesan, 279)

Identification of poor prognositc factors include thrombocytopenia, cerebral edema, status epilepticus, and thrombocytopenia. In contrast, a normal encephalogram at the early stages of diagnosis is associated with high rates of survival.

It is suggested that there is a variable distribution of infectious agents due to both environmental factors and human vector travel patterns. (Ventakesan, 281). As such, experts suggest that a more global surveillance is required for greater defined epidemiology of encephalitis. ???? (Vantakesan, 281)

Source: Epidemiology and outcomes of acute encephalitis. Venkatesan A. Curr Opin Neurol. 2015 Jun;28(3):277-82. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000199. Review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Mar 20;9(3):e0003630. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003630. eCollection 2015 Mar. PMID 25887770

Hello, we are a group of medical students editing this page as part of our class assignment. We have compiled a list of suggestions to improve this article and would appreciate community feedback before we proceed with these edits. Here is a list of our suggestions:

1. "The incidence of Encephalitis has not changed much over time, with an incidence of encephalitis in the US of 250,000 over the last 10 years. Approximately seven per 100,000 patients were hospitalized for encephalitis in the US during this time. (Venkatesan, 276)

This note should be added to the epidemiology section, as it adds to the overall picture of the epidemiology of encephalitis.

Notes:

- altered level of consciousness - immunocomprimised is risk factor - treatment before diagnosis - mostly in ER would get antivirials and anti-biotics - HSV most common - tropical locations H- HIV patients

DIAGNOSIS: you must have first major criteria altered concsiousness for 24 hours, and no other explanation you must have 2 minor criteria out of 6 listed. (fever, seizure, new neruo findings WBC in CSF, or difference in imagin or EEG test). If you have 2 its likely, 3 then its definite). COmbination of clinical and diagnostic findings.

Symptoms: abnormal behavior or personality change - the presentation is also ambiguous

For edits: the diagnoostic criteria needs to be there 2nd = the imepric treatment - what is the first line of treatment? people are probably interested in the treatment you need. this would include canadian or american guidelines that are from emergency and critical care guidelines.

Re order the viral causes

How will you leave the hosptial after treatment - will there be comorbidities following survival? - suggest to beef this up a bit.