The United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice is a United Nations (UN) sponsored congress on the topics of crime, crime prevention and criminal justice, held every five years. It is organized by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).[1] Participants of the Congress include UN Member States and Observers, international organizations, non-governmental organization and individual experts.
United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice | |
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Status | Active |
Genre | Criminal justice |
Frequency | Quinquennially |
Inaugurated | 22 August 1955 |
Most recent | 12–19 April 2015 |
Next event | 7–12 March 2021 |
Area | Worldwide |
Organized by | Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice |
Website | www.unodc.org/congress |
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The Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice acts ave agenda items of the upcoming Crime Congress and to make action-oriented recommendations to serve as a basis for the draft recommendations and conclusions for consideration by the Congress.[2]
The event was initially held in 1955, following the dissolution of the International Penal and Penitentiary Commission (IPPC) by the United Nations General Assembly in 1950. Initially called the United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, the current name was adopted in 2005.[1]
The antecedents of the Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice include the First International Congress on the Prevention and Repression of Crime, held at London in 1872.[3]
List of Congresses
editSource:[1]
Congress | Year | Host City | Focus | Notes |
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1st Congress[4][5] | 1955 | Geneva, Switzerland |
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Adopted the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners[6] |
2nd Congress[5] | 1960 | London, United Kingdom |
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3rd Congress[5] | 1965 | Stockholm, Sweden |
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4th Congress[5] | 1970 | Kyoto, Japan |
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5th Congress[5] | 1975 | Geneva, Switzerland |
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Adopted the Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment[7] |
6th Congress[5] | 1980 | Caracas, Venezuela |
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7th Congress[5] | 1985 | Milan, Italy | Adopted:
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8th Congress[5] | 1990 | Havana, Cuba | Adopted:
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9th Congress[5] | 1995 | Cairo, Egypt |
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10th Congress[5] | 2000 | Vienna, Austria |
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Adopted the Vienna Declaration on Crime and Justice: Meeting the Challenges of the Twenty-first Century[19] |
11th Congress[5] | 2005 | Bangkok, Thailand |
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Adopted the Bangkok Declaration on Synergies and Responses: Strategic Alliances in Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice[20] |
12th Congress[21] | 2010 | Salvador, Brazil |
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13th Congress[22] | 2015 | Doha, Qatar |
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Adopted the Doha Declaration on Integrating Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice into the Wider United Nations Agenda to Address Social and Economic Challenges and to Promote the Rule of Law at the National and International Levels, and Public Participation[23] |
14th Congress[24][25] | 2021 | Kyoto, Japan |
Overall theme: "Advancing crime prevention, criminal justice and the rule of law: towards the achievement of the 2030 Agenda"
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Postponed by the General Assembly due to concerns surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic.[26] |
Notes
edit- ^ a b c Previous Congresses, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
- ^ Regional Preparatory Meetings, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
- ^ International Penal and Penitentiary Commission (IPPC) Archived 6 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
- ^ Middendorff, Wolf (8–20 August 1950). "Second United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. London: United Nations. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "United Nations Congresses on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice 1955–2010: 55 years of achievement" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. United Nations. February 2010. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "Standard Minmim Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "Beijing Rules" (PDF). Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "General Assembly Resolution A/RES/40/34". United Nations. 29 November 1985. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ a b "Handbook on the International Transfer of Sentenced Persons" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2012. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "Genereal Assembly Resolution A/RES/45/111". United Nations. 14 December 1990. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "General Assembly Resolution A/RES/45/112". United Nations. 14 December 1990. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "United Nations Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "Tokyo Rules". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. United Nations. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "Vienna Declaration on Crime and Justice" (PDF). United Nations. 12 April 2000. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ "Bangkok Declaration" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ^ Twelfth United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice (Salvador, Brazil, 12–19 April 2010) Archived 16 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine,
- ^ 13th Crime Congress - official website, United Nations.
- ^ Doha Declaration, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
- ^ 14th Crime Congress - website of UNODC, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
- ^ 14th Crime Congress - website of host country, Ministry of Justice (Japan).
- ^ United Nations General Assembly Session 47 Decision 47. Fourteenth United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice A/74/L.47 6 April 2020. Retrieved 21 June 2020.