Uliana Kravchenko is the pen name of Julia Maria Schneider-Niementowska (April 18, 1860 – March 31, 1947), was a Ukrainian educator, writer[1] and the first Western Ukrainian woman to publish a book of poetry.[2]
Uliana Kravchenko | |
|---|---|
 Уляна Кравченко, 1893 рік | |
| Native name | Уляна Кравченко |
| Born | Юлія Шнайдер 31.03.1947 |
| Occupation | writer, poet |
| Language | ukrainian |
| Nationality | German, Ukrainian |
| Citizenship | Austria-Hungary→Polish Republic |
She was born in Mykolaiv, currently in Stryi Raion of Lviv Oblast, grew up in Lviv and studied at a teaching seminary. Her father was Julian Schneider an employee of the district office, while her mother was Julia Łopuszańska.[3]
She made her first poetry attempts in Polish and Ukrainian under the guidance of her tutor Antonina Machczyńska.[4] After graduating from the seminary, Ulyana Kravchenko began teaching in the town of Bóbrka.[4] Her first published work was a story that appeared in the journal Zoria. Kravchenko was active in the Ukrainian women's movement in Galicia. Women's liberation was a major theme in her poetry; she was considered to be the bard of the women's movement. She was also one of the first women teachers in Galicia.[1][2] In 1885, thanks to the efforts of Ivan Franko, she gets a job in Lviv, but in the same year she is fired for promoting socialist ideas. From then until 1900, she works as a teacher in various villages in Galicia.[4] In 1920 Kravchenko moves permanently to Przemyśl as a retired teacher.[4] In 1941, she takes up creative work in the Union of Soviet Writers and social work as a councilor of the Przemyśl City National Council.[4]
Kravchenko died in Przemyśl at the age of 86.[1] On November 22, 1886, she married Jan Ambroży Niementowski, head of the village school in Dolishnia Luzhok. They had three children: son Jerzy and daughters Teodora and Julia.[3] Jerzy was a painter and poet who wrote in Polish, and was murdered at the age of 29 by Ukrainians in Yavoriv on November 28, 1918, during the Polish-Ukrainian war, while organising Polish militia.[5]
- Prima vera, poetry (1885)
- Na novyi shliakh ("Onto a New Road"), poetry (1891)
- Prolisky ("Anemones"), children's poetry (1921)
- V dorohu ("On Our Way"), children's poetry (1921)
- Lebedyna pisnia ("The Swan Song"), children's poetry )1924)
- V zhytti ie shchos’ ("There Is Something in Life"), poetry (1929)
- Dlia neï—vse! ("For Her—Everything!"), poetry (1931)
- Shelesty nam barvinochku ("Rustle for Us, Little Periwinkle"), children's poetry (1932)
- Moï tsvity ("My Flowers"), prose collection (1933)
- Zamist’ avtobiohrafiï ("Instead of An Autobiography"), memoirs (1934)
- Spohady uchytel’ky ("Memoirs of a Teacher"), memoirs (1935)
- Vybrani poeziï ("Selected Poems"), poetry (1941)
- Khryzantemy ("Chrysanthemums"), autobiographical novella (1961)
References
edit- ^ a b c d "Kravchenko, Uliana". Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine.
- ^ a b Bohachevsky-Chomiak, Martha (1988). Feminists Despite Themselves: Women in Ukrainian Community Life, 1884-1939. pp. 104–05. ISBN 0920862578.
- ^ a b Fesnak, Anna. "Krawczenko Ulana" (PDF). Tekstowa kartoteka osobowa przemyślan.
- ^ a b c d e Pacykowski 1969, p. 22-24.
- ^ Schubert 2012, p. 194.
Bibliography
edit- Pacykowski, Józef (1969). "Ulana Krawczenko w 22 rocznicę śmierci" (PDF). Profile. 3: 22–24.
- Schubert, Jan (2012). Inspekcja grobów żołnierskich w Przemyślu. Powstanie i działalność w Galicji Środkowej 1915–1918 (in Polish). Kraków.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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