Tuxpan (or Túxpam, fully Túxpam de Rodríguez Cano, for Enrique Rodríguez Cano[2]) is both a municipality and city located in the Mexican state of Veracruz. The population of the city was 89,557 and of the municipality was 154,600 inhabitants, according to the INEGI census of 2020,[1] residing in a total area of 1,051.89 km2 (406.14 sq mi). The municipality includes many smaller outlying communities, the largest of which are Alto Lucero (20,380 inhabitants) and Santiago de la Peña (8,178 inhabitants). A local beachside community is also nearby.
Tuxpan | |
|---|---|
 .jpg) .jpg)   Top: Tuxpan city skyline from Tuxpan River; Middle: Reforma Hotel, fountains at Downtown; Bottom: Cathedral of the Assumption, Tuxpan port facilities | |
 Coat of arms | |
  Tuxpan Location of Tuxpan within the State of Veracruz  Tuxpan Location of Tuxpan within Mexico | |
| Coordinates: 20°57′N 97°24′W / 20.950°N 97.400°W | |
| Country |  Mexico |
| State | Veracruz |
| Government | |
| • Municipal President | Alberto Silva Ramos |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,061.9 km2 (410.0 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 10 m (30 ft) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | 154,600 |
| • Seat | 89,557 |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Website | http://tuxpanveracruz.gob.mx/ |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 127,622 | — |
| 2000 | 126,616 | −0.8% |
| 2005 | 134,394 | +6.1% |
| 2010 | 143,362 | +6.7% |
| 2015 | 161,829 | +12.9% |
| 2020 | 154,600 | −4.5% |
| [1] | ||
In the 1870s, a small colony of some hundreds of former Confederate (Southern U.S.) officers, soldiers and diplomats was established.[3]
Name
editTuxpan or Túxpam, pronounced [ˈtuʃpan] in Nahuatl, the language of the ancient Nahuas, literally means "Place of Rabbits", a compound of tochtli "rabbit" and -pan "place".
Economy
editBeing the nearest port to Mexico City, Tuxpan is an important commercial link for Mexican imports and exports. Tuxpan is now primarily a grain port, with emphasis on soybeans and maize. Off-shore links to oil pipelines are used to transfer petroleum products to and from tanker ships operated by Pemex, Mexico's state-owned oil company. As part of the Pemex operations and infrastructure in the city, a facility on the river manufactures and maintains oil rigs for use in the Gulf of Mexico.
Geography
editThe city is located on the banks of the Tuxpan River, which reaches the Gulf of Mexico 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) downstream.
Climate
editTuxpan experiences a tropical climate with warm winters and hot summers.
| Climate data for Túxpam de Rodríguez Cano (1951–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 41.0 (105.8) |
44.0 (111.2) |
45.8 (114.4) |
43.0 (109.4) |
42.0 (107.6) |
41.8 (107.2) |
41.8 (107.2) |
43.5 (110.3) |
48.8 (119.8) |
41.2 (106.2) |
41.8 (107.2) |
37.5 (99.5) |
48.8 (119.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25.0 (77.0) |
26.7 (80.1) |
29.2 (84.6) |
31.7 (89.1) |
32.7 (90.9) |
33.2 (91.8) |
33.0 (91.4) |
33.6 (92.5) |
33.1 (91.6) |
31.5 (88.7) |
28.7 (83.7) |
26.2 (79.2) |
30.4 (86.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 20.7 (69.3) |
22.1 (71.8) |
24.5 (76.1) |
27.0 (80.6) |
28.1 (82.6) |
28.7 (83.7) |
28.6 (83.5) |
28.9 (84.0) |
28.4 (83.1) |
26.7 (80.1) |
24.1 (75.4) |
22.0 (71.6) |
25.8 (78.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 16.4 (61.5) |
17.6 (63.7) |
19.9 (67.8) |
22.3 (72.1) |
23.5 (74.3) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.2 (75.6) |
23.8 (74.8) |
22.0 (71.6) |
19.5 (67.1) |
17.8 (64.0) |
21.3 (70.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 0.8 (33.4) |
7.0 (44.6) |
8.8 (47.8) |
9.0 (48.2) |
8.5 (47.3) |
11.5 (52.7) |
19.8 (67.6) |
14.0 (57.2) |
16.0 (60.8) |
9.0 (48.2) |
6.8 (44.2) |
4.5 (40.1) |
0.8 (33.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 39.5 (1.56) |
50.0 (1.97) |
38.6 (1.52) |
54.1 (2.13) |
78.9 (3.11) |
207.5 (8.17) |
170.8 (6.72) |
179.9 (7.08) |
266.4 (10.49) |
132.2 (5.20) |
87.1 (3.43) |
50.6 (1.99) |
1,355.6 (53.37) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.4 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 12.0 | 13.1 | 13.9 | 14.0 | 11.2 | 8.0 | 8.6 | 117.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 81 | 83 | 82 | 82 | 77 | 82 | 82 | 80 | 82 | 83 | 85 | 86 | 82 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 112 | 132 | 174 | 168 | 209 | 203 | 211 | 225 | 155 | 174 | 139 | 98 | 2,000 |
| Source 1: Servicio Meteorológico National (humidity 1981–2000)[4][5][6] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun, 1961–1990)[7][a] | |||||||||||||
Transport
editPort of Tuxpan
edit| Port of Tuxpam | |
|---|---|
 Tuxpan port facilities | |
 Click on the map for a fullscreen view | |
Native name | Puerto de Túxpam |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 20°57′34.59″N 97°19′47.4″W / 20.9596083°N 97.329833°W |
Sometimes referred to as the "Puerto de Tuxpan", the port is able to handle supertanker-sized cargo ships. Due to increasing commercial shipping traffic in the city of Veracruz, Tuxpan is now the headquarters for the Mexican Navy's Gulf fleet. As such, it is the home port for several warships including three frigates named Allende, Abasolo and Victoria. These ships were originally Knox-class frigates built in the 1960s. They were purchased from the United States Navy in the mid to late 1990s after their decommissioning.
Tuxpan was also the port of departure for the yacht Granma that was used to transport Fidel Castro, his brother Raúl, Che Guevara and other fighters of the Cuban Revolution from Mexico to Cuba in 1956 for the purpose of overthrowing the regime of Fulgencio Batista. A small museum near the river has photographs and other related memorabilia.
Education
edit
Universidad Veracruzana has two campus in the city. The first, Biological and Agricultural Sciences Faculty opened in 1975 and offers careers related to the fields of Biology, Veterinary and Agricultural Engineering. The second one, the Accountancy Faculty offers careers related to administration and was opened in 1990.
Twin Town
edit
References
edit- ^ a b "Tuxpan Census 2020" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved August 1, 2023.
- ^ "Enrique Rodríguez Cano: Legado a 65 años de su fallecimiento". 9 June 2020.
- ^ Kinney, Emily (2011). Leaving the United States for the "Land of Liberty": Postbellum Confederates in Mexico (MA Thesis) (thesis). University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
- ^ "Estado de Veracruz–Estacion: Túxpam de Rodríguez Cano (SMN)". NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1951–2010 (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico National. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
- ^ "Extreme Temperatures and Precipitation for Túxpam de Rodríguez Cano (SMN) 1961–1989" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
- ^ "NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1981–2000" (PDF) (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-04-25. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
- ^ "Station 76640 Tuxpan, VER". Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration. Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived from the original on 2017-10-17. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
- Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005 INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
- Veracruz Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México
Notes
edit- ^ Station ID for Tuxpan, VER. is 76640 Use this station ID to locate the sunshine duration
External links
edit
- Tuxpan municipal government
- DIF Tuxpan
- (in Spanish) [permanent dead link] Municipal Official Information
- Enciclopedia de los Municipios de Mexico