This article deals with the system of transport in Bihar, both public and private.

Jay Prakash Narayan Airport in Patna

Road transport

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Bihar has national highways with total length of 5,358 km (3,329 mi)[1] and state highways with total length of 4,006 km (2,489 mi).[2] Also. Bihar has 921 km (572 mi) of proposed Expressways.[3]

The state is being equipped with more sustainable energy sources, CNG filling stations are being put up in different cities.

To mange overall road transport facilities in the state, Bihar State Road Transport Corporation (BSRTC) was set up in 1959 under the provisions of Road Transport Corporation Act, 1950.

BSRTC operates and maintains a fleet of more than 300 buses connecting all cities and towns within state of Bihar and neighboring states too. BSRTC not only connects every nook and corner of the state but also links this state with other surrounding regions including Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal and Odisha. However, contract for operation and maintenance of the buses has been given to two private companies viz. GIPL and Royal Cruiser. This contract is based upon public-private partnership (PPP) [4]

Expressways

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Listed horizontal (west to east) expressways first, followed by vertical (north to south) & diagonal expressways.

Name States Total Length (km/mi) Length Bihar (km/mi) Cost (₹cr) Type Status Direction Comment
Gorakhpur-Siliguri Expressway[5][6] Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal 519 km (322.5 mi) 32,000 Greenfield Under-construction NW to NE
Outer Ring Road, Patna Bihar 140 km (87 mi) 140 km (87 mi) Greenfield Under-construction W to E
Loknayak Ganga Path, Patna Bihar

39.5 km (24.5 mi)

39.5 km (24.5 mi) 3,160 Greenfield Under-construction W to E Riverfront project within Patna.
Buxar-Bhagalpur Expressway[5] (Sasram-Patna Expressway)[6] Bihar 308 km (191.4 mi) 308 km (191.4 mi) Mixed Under-construction W to E From UP border to WB border through central Bihar along Ganga river. Includes Sasram-Patna Expressway, 118 km, ₹4,000).[6]
Varanasi–Ranchi–Kolkata Expressway[6] Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal 686 km (426 mi) 24,275 Greenfield Under-construction W to SE Via South West Bihar to Kolkatta.
Dumaria Ghat-Bakarpur Expressway (Gorakhpur-Patna Expressway)[6] Bihar 73 km (45 mi) 73 km (45 mi) 1,543 Greenfield DPR NW to C Connects to Gorakhpur via NH-27 & NH-28.
Patna-Kolkata Expressway[7] Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal 450 km (280 mi) Greenfield DPR NW to SW To be taken up in Bharatmala-II.
Raxaul-Haldia Expressway[6] Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal 695 km (432 mi) 54,000 Greenfield DPR NW to SW


Darbhanga-Aurangabad Expressway (Amas-Darbhanga Expressway)[8][6] Bihar 199 km (123.7 mi) 199 km (123.7 mi) 2,927 Greenfield Under-construction C to SW Central Bihar to South West Bihar.

National Highways

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Number Length (km) Length (mi) Southern or western terminus Northern or eastern terminus Formed Removed Notes
  NH 19GQ 206.0 128.0 Uttar Pradesh, Mohania, Aurangabad, Dobhi-Jharkhand
  NH 20 107.7 66.9 Junction with NH-31 near Bakhtiyarpur - Bihar Sharif, Nawada, Rajauli -Jharkhand
  NH 22 282.3 175.4 Sonbarsa (Indo/Nepal Border), Sitamarhi, Muzaffarpur, Hajipur, Patna, Punpun, Gaya, Bodh Gaya, Dobhi - Jharkhand.
  NH 27EW 487.0 302.6 Uttar Pradesh Gopalganj, Pipra Kothi, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, Forbesganj, Araria, Purnia, in the State of BiharWest Bengal
  NH 31 415.0 257.9 The highway starting from its junction with NH-27 near Unnao connecting Lalganj, Raebareli, Salon, Pratapgarh, Machhlishahr, Jaunpur, Varanasi, Ghazipur, Ballia in the State of Uttar Pradesh Chhapra, Hajipur, Bakhtiyarpur, Mokama, Begusarai, Khagaria, Bihpur, Kora, Katihar in the State of Bihar, Harishchanderpur and terminating at its junction with NH-12 near Pandua in the State of West Bengal.
  NH 33 332.0 206.3 The highway starting from its junction with NH-139 from Arwal connecting Jahanabad, Bandhuganj, Ekangarsarai, Biharsharif, Mokama, Luckeesarai, Munger, Bhagalpur, Kahalgaon in the State of Bihar, Sahibganj, Rajmahal, Barharwa in the State of Jharkhand and terminating at its junction with NH-12 near Farakka in the State of West Bengal.
  NH 119 93.0 57.8 The highway starting from its junction with NH-19 near Dehri connecting Akbarpur, Jadunathpur and terminating at Bihar/UP Border near Jadunathpur in the State of Bihar.
  NH 120 244.0 151.6 Junction with NH-20 near Bihar Sharif connecting Nalanda, Rajgir, Hisua, Gaya, Daudnagar, Nasriganj, Karakat, dawath, Nawanagar, and terminating at its junction with NH-922 near Dumraon
  NH 122 110.0 68.4 Junction with NH-22 near Muzaffarpur - Dholi, Mushrigharari - junction with NH-31 near Barauni
  NH 122A 31.8 19.8 Vishwanathpur Chowk on NH-22 - Koili, a- Nanpur on NH-527C
  NH 131 136.0 84.5 The highway starting from its junction with NH-31 near Bihpur connecting Kishanganj, Madhepura and terminating at Birpur in the State of Bihar near Indo/Nepal Border.
  NH 131A 81.2 50.5 West Bengal- Ahmedabad, Manihari, Katihar on NH-31 - Purnia on NH-27
  NH 133 10.9 6.8 The highway starting from its junction with NH-33 in the state of Bihar connecting Godda and terminating at Choupa More on NH-114A in the state of Jharkhand.
  NH 133B 5.0 3.1 Jharkhand Border- Manihar (NH-31)
  NH 139 153.6 95.4 The highway starting from its junction with NH-39 near Rajhara connecting Chhatarpur, Hariharganj in the State of Jharkhand, Aurangabad, Daudnagar, Arwal, Naubatpur and terminating at its junction with NH-31 near Patna in the State of Bihar.
  NH 219 46.8 29.1 The highway starting from its junction with new NH No. 19 near Mohania connecting Bhabhua, Chainpur, Chand in the State of Bihar and terminating at its junction with NH-19 near Chandauli in the state of Uttar Pradesh
  NH 227 215.0 133.6 The highway starting from its junction with NH-27 near Chakia connecting Narhar, Pakri Bridge, Madhuban, Shivhar, Sitamarhi, Harlakhi, Umgaon, Jaynagar, Laukaha, Laukahi and terminating at its junction with NH-27 near Narahia in the State of Bihar.
  NH 227A 137.0 85.1 Up / Bihar Border - Siwan - Mashrakh - Chakia
  NH 227F 36.3 22.6 The highway starting from its junction with NH- 227 near Chakia (Chorma chowk) connecting Pakridayal, Dhaka, Phulwaria Ghat and terminating at Bairgania in the state of Bihar near Indo / Nepal Border.
  NH 227J 30.0 18.6 The highway starting from its junction with NH- 227 near Saharghat connecting Uchhait, Benipatti and terminating at its junction with NH- 527B near Rahika in the state of Bihar
  NH 227L 20.4 12.7 The highway starting from its junction with NH- 227 near Umagaon connecting Basopatti and terminating at its junction with NH- 527B near Kalnahi in the state of Bihar.
  NH 231 209.0 129.9 The highway starting from its junction with NH-31 near Maheshkund in the State of Bihar connecting Sonbarsa Raj, Simri Bakhtiyarpur, Saharsa, Madhepura, Sarsi, Purnia and terminating at its junction with NH-31 near Kora in the State of Bihar.
  NH 319 125.0 77.7 Junction with NH-19 near Mohania - Dinara, Charpokhari, a- junction with NH-922 near Ara
  NH 322 58.0 36.0 The highway starting from its junction with NH-22 near Hazipur and terminating at its junction with NH-122 near Mushrigharari in the State of Bihar.
  NH 327 233.5 145.1 The highway starting from Galgalia on N.H-327 (W.B/Bihar) Thakurganj, Raniganj, Bahadurganj, Araria, Bhargama, Tribeniganj, Pipra, Supaul, (Bariyahi Bazar)Bangaon and terminating at Maheshi (Tarapeeth) in the state of Bihar.
  NH 327A 25.0 15.5 The highway starting from Supaul on NH-327 and terminating at Bhaptiahi on NH-27 in the state of Bihar.
  NH 331 65.0 40.4 The highway starting from its junction with NH-31 near Chhapra connecting Baniapur, and terminating at its junction with NH-27 near Muhumadpur the State of Bihar.
  NH 333 141.2 87.7 The highway starting from Bariyarpur on NH-33 connecting Kharagpur, Laxmipur, Jamui, Chakai in the state of Bihar-Jharkhand
  NH 333A 198.9 123.6 The highway starting from its junction with NH-33 near Bar Bigha connecting Shekhpura, Sikandra, Jamui, Jha-Jha, Banka in the State of Bihar and terminating at its junction with NH-133 near Godda in the State of Jharkhand.
  NH 333B 17.7 11.0 The highway starting from its junction with NH33 at Munger and terminating at its junction with NH No-31 at Khagaria in the state of Bihar.
  NH 431 69.0 42.9 The highway starting from its junction with NH-31 near Phatuha connecting Chandi, Harnaut and terminating at its junction with NH-31 near Barh in the State of Bihar.
  NH 527 9.3 5.8 The highway starting from its junction with NH-27 near Forbesganj and terminating at Jogbani in the State of Bihar.
  NH 527A 75.3 46.8 The highway starting from its junction with new NH No.527 B near Pokhrauni Chowk connecting Madhubani, Rampatti, Jhanjharpur, Samey Chowk, Awam, Laufa, Bheja, Bakaur and terminating at its junction with NH No. 327 near Parsarma in the State of Bihar.
  NH 527B 53.8 33.4 The highway starting from its junction with NH-27 near Darbhanga connecting Aunsi and terminating at its junction with NH-227 near Jaynagar in the State of Bihar.
  NH 527C 64.2 39.9 The highway starting from Majhauli on NH-27 connecting Katra, Jajuar, Pupri and terminating at Charout on NH-227 in the state of Bihar.
  NH 527D 67.2 41.8 The highway starting from its junction with NH-27 near Piprakothi connecting Sagauli, Raxaul, in the State of Bihar and terminating at Indo/Nepal Border.
  NH 531 95.0 59.0 The highway starting from its junction with NH-31 near Chhapra, Siwan and terminating at its junction with NH-27 near Gopalganj in the State of Bihar.
  NH 722 75.0 46.6 The highway starting from its junction with NH-22 near Muzaffarpur connecting Rewaghat and terminating at its junction with NH-31 near Chhapra in the State of Bihar.
  NH 727 112.0 69.6 The highway starting from its junction with NH-27 near Kushinagar in the State of Uttar Pradesh connecting Chhitanuni Rail-cum-Road Bridge, Bagaha, Lauriya, Bettiah and terminating at its junction with NH-527 D near Chhapwa in the State of Bihar.
  NH 727A 4.5 2.8 Uttar Pradesh and terminating at its junction with NH 227A near Mairwa
  NH 727AA 13.0 8.1 The highway starting from its junction with NH-727 near Manuapul connecting Patzirwa, Paknaha in the state of Bihar, Pipraghat and terminating at its junction with NH-730 near Sevrahi in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
  NH 922 138.0 85.7 The highway starting from its junction with NH-22 near Patna connecting Ara, Bhojpur and terminating near Buxar in the State of Bihar.

State Highways

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Rail transport

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The railway network in Bihar is excellent and provides first-rate citizen centric railway services to the people. Most of the cities have a railway junction that facilitates railway travel across the state. You can easily travel from one part of the state to the other by trains.

Urban Rail

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Water transport

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Map showing national inland waterways-1 and various river ports or terminals along its stretch.
 
Patna river port on national inland waterways-1 at Gai Ghat

Bihar is connected by National Waterways No. 1 which established in October 1986. This National Waterways has fixed terminals at Haldia, BISN (Kolkata), Pakur, Farrakka and Patna. This National Waterways has also floating terminals facilities at Haldia, Kolkata, Diamond Harbour, Katwa, Tribeni, Baharampur, Jangipur, Bhagalpur, Semaria, Doriganj, Ballia, Ghazipur, Varanasi, Chunar and Allahabad.

Air transport

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Patna airport is well connected to cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Bangalore and many other cities in India. It is categorized as a restricted international airport, with customs facilities to receive international chartered flights. Gaya Airport, is Bihar's only international airport and offers seasonal flights that connect the city to Thailand, Bhutan, and Myanmar. Airlines like IndiGo, SpiceJet, Air India, and Vistara connect various airports in Bihar to cities across India. Darbhanga Airport is another domestic airport in Bihar which is connected with various cities across India. The Darbhanga Airport was built as civil enclave.

City served Airport name ICAO IATA Category Role
Bihta Bihta Air Force Station Defence Air base
Bhagalpur Bhagalpur Airport Domestic No scheduled flights
Darbhanga Darbhanga Airport VE89[9] DBR Domestic Civil enclave
Gaya Gaya Airport VEGY GAY Customs[GAY] Commercial
Jogbani Jogbani Airport Domestic Closed
Munger Munger Airport Domestic No scheduled flights
Muzaffarpur Muzaffarpur Airport VEMZ MZU Domestic No scheduled flights
Patna Jay Prakash Narayan Airport VEPT PAT Customs[PAT] Commercial
Purnea Purnea Airport VEPU[10] Defence Air base
Raxaul Raxaul Airport VERL Domestic Closed
  • GAY The airport usually serves domestic flights only, but the city being a pilgrimage city, the airport operates seasonal flights to international destinations.
  • PAT The airport is classified as a restricted international airport due to its short runway and serves only domestic flights.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "India: length of national highways Bihar 2019". Statista. Retrieved 2021-05-19.
  2. ^ "India: Bihar state highways length". Statista. Retrieved 2021-05-19.
  3. ^ "Bihar's first green field expressway to connect Mithila with Magadha, how long will it be ready, how many districts will pass through it?".
  4. ^ "Transport Services in Bihar, Roadways in Bihar, Railways in Bihar". www.biharonline.in. Retrieved 2024-02-28.
  5. ^ a b "Bihar set to get its 4th expressway, will connect Gorakhpur to Siliguri". Hindustan Times. 23 November 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Bihar to get six new expressways, Prabhat Khabar, 11 July 2023.
  7. ^ Patna-Kolkata Expressway details, themetrorailguy.com, accessed 18 July 2023.
  8. ^ "मगध से मिथिला को जोड़ेगा बिहार का पहला ग्रीन फील्ड एक्सप्रेस-वे, जानें कब तक बन कर होगा तैयार, कितने जिलों से गुजरेगी?". Prabhat Khabar - Hindi News. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  9. ^ "Darbhanga DBR India". World Airport Codes. Archived from the original on 14 October 2019. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
  10. ^ "Purnea on ch-aviation". Archived from the original on 9 December 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.