Tomasa Ester Casís (21 December 1878 – 1962) was a Panamanian teacher and woman's rights activist. She founded the first women's cultural society in the country and pressed for women's equality. Supporting suffrage, she was one of the pioneering feminists of Panama and was honored as a commander in the Order of Vasco Núñez de Balboa for her educational contributions to the country.
Tomasa Ester Casís | |
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| Born | Tomasa Ester Casís Tuñón 21 December 1878 Panama |
| Died | 1962 (aged 83–84) Panama City, Panama |
| Other names | Tomasa E. Casís, Tomasita Esther Casís |
| Occupation(s) | teacher, women's rights activist |
Early life
editTomasa Ester Casís Tuñón was born on 21 December 1878 in Panama to Benita Tuñón and José Manuel Casís. She attended primary school at the Escuela de San Felipe de Niñas (San Felipe Girls' School) No. 2 and then studied at the Colegio Pestaloziano,[1] a secondary school, directed María Luisa Munévar de Cristofini.[2][3] She graduated in 1896, along with Emilia Alba and Delfina Sucre.[3] After winning a scholarship to attend the Escuela Normal de Institutoras (Normal School Institute) led by Rosa and Matilde Rubiano, she trained to become a teacher, graduating with her degree in 1900.[2]
Career
editUpon graduation, Casís was appointed as the boys' preparatory teacher at the Colegio Secundario del Istmo (Secondary College of the Isthmus). She worked there for three years before becoming a teacher at the Escuela de San Felipe de Niños (San Felipe Boys' School) for which she became the director in 1905. Casís was hired as a preparatory teacher at the Escuela Superior de Señoritas (Superior School for Girls) in 1906 and worked there until 1907, when she was offered a post at a school which was just opening. The girls' school Escuela de Santa Ana No. 2 (Santa Ana School) allowed her a chance to develop new educational ideas based on her pedagogical training. As it was a new school, it also became a testing ground for her organizational skills, as she had to recruit students from the neighborhood.[2] She believed in equal opportunities for schooling and pressed for the creation of the first kindergarten in the country, which was opened by Juana Oller.[4]
In 1916, Casís, along with other teachers, founded the first women's cultural society in Panama, Club Ariel. The organization promoted women's education and political involvement.[2][5] She also joined the Sociedad Nacional para el Progreso de la Mujer (National Society for the Progress of Women, SNPM),[2] established in 1923 by Esther Neira de Calvo.[6][7] The goals of the SNPM were to elevate women's awareness of their value to society, train them in the responsibilities of citizenship and promote equality. Casís, Angélica Chávez de Patterson, and Aminta de Osses served on the SNPM's Educational Committee Board.[7] Though she had built the Santa Ana School into a well-respected institution, in 1926, the school was merged into the Centro Amador Guerrero (Amador Guerrero Center)[2] and Casís began working as the director at the Escucla "República de Cuba" (Republic of Cuba School).[8] She worked there until her retirement in 1928.[2] In 1960, she was honored as a Commander of the Order of Vasco Núñez de Balboa for her contributions to Panamanian education.[2]
Death and legacy
editCasís died in Panama City in 1962.[4] She is remembered for having educated generations of Panamanian women,[2] including Lidia Gertrudis Sogandares, the first woman physician in the country and Gumercinda Páez, one of the first woman deputies to serve the National Assembly.[9][10]
References
editCitations
edit- ^ Staff Wilson 2005, p. 439.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Alvarado & Marco 1996, pp. 53–54.
- ^ a b Susto 1949, p. 6.
- ^ a b Soto Arango et al. 2011, p. 379.
- ^ Tamayo Acosta & Rodríguez Gómez 2011, pp. 63–64.
- ^ Guardia 2017.
- ^ a b Nicolau 2018.
- ^ Andreve 1926, p. 301.
- ^ Del Vasto 2006.
- ^ Bermúdez Valdés & Valencia Mosquera 2015.
Bibliography
edit- Alvarado, Angela; Marco, Yolanda, eds. (1996). "Tomasita Ester Casís". Mujeres que cambiaron nuestra historia [Women Who Changed Our History]. Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (in Spanish). Panamá: Instituto de la Mujer, Universidad de Panamá. pp. 53–54. OCLC 37620299.
- Andreve, Guillermo (1926). "Casís, Tomasa E." (PDF). Directorio General de la Ciudad de Panama: Guía Comercial de interés general (PDF) (in Spanish) (2nd ed.). Panama: Andreve y Compañia. p. 301.
- Bermúdez Valdés, Julio; Valencia Mosquera, Berta (2015). "Gumersinda Páez". In Ritter Domingo, Jorge Eduardo; Roquebert V., Lorena (eds.). Protagonistas del siglo XX panameño [20th Century Panamanian Protagonists] (in Spanish) (Primera ed.). Bogotá, Colombia: Ediciónes Debate. ISBN 978-9-588-93105-0.
- Del Vasto, César (10 May 2006). "Lidia Gertrudis Sogandares". Repositorio de Documentos Digitales (in Spanish). Panama City, Panama: National Library of Panama. Archived from the original on 22 January 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
- Guardia, Mónica (14 May 2017). "¿Quién le dio el voto a la mujer panameña? (No fue 'el Fufo')" [Who gave the vote to the Panamanian woman? (It wasn't 'el Fufo' [a politician, Arnulfo Arias])]. La Estrella de Panamá (in Spanish). Panama City, Panama. Archived from the original on 22 January 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
- Soto Arango, Diana Elvira; Paniagua Pérez, Jesús; Lima Jardilino, José Rubens; Vera de Flachs, María Cristina, eds. (2011). "Tomasita Ester Casís (1878–1962)". Educadores en América Latina y el Caribe del siglo XX al siglo XXI [Educators in Latin America and the Caribbean from the 20th Century to the 21st Century] (in Spanish). Vol. IV. Tunja, Colombia: Edición Doce Calles. pp. 378–379. ISBN 978-958-660-179-5.
- Nicolau, Amalia (19 September 2018). "Cuando Panamá tuvo un partido feminista" [When Panama Had a Feminist Party]. Televisora Nacional Noticias (in Spanish). Panama. Archived from the original on 1 April 2019. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
- Staff Wilson, Mariblanca (2005). Mujeres Que Dejaron Huellas [Women Who Left Footprints] (in Spanish). Panamá: Imprenta Universal Books. ISBN 978-9962-02-721-8.
- Susto, Juan Antonio (February 1949). "Efemerides de febrero" [February Ephemerides] (PDF). Lotería (in Spanish) (93). Panama City, Panama: Lotería Nacional de Beneficencia: 5–6. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
- Tamayo Acosta, Juan José; Rodríguez Gómez, Edgardo (2011). Aportación de la teología de la liberación a los derechos humanos [Contribution of Liberation Theology to Human Rights] (in Spanish). Madrid, Spain: Librería-Editorial Dykinson. ISBN 978-84-9982-871-8.