Togutil (Tugutil) is an North Halmahera language from Tobelo–Tugutil branch. This language is spoken by people who live in the interiors of northern and eastern parts of Halmahera, where they are collectively known as the Togutil people, or in their language the O'Hongana Manyawa.[3]
| Togutil | |
|---|---|
| Tugutil, Inner Tobelo | |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | Halmahera (eastern and northern parts) |
Native speakers | 1,500–3,000 (2001)[1] |
West Papuan?
| |
| Dialects |
|
| language only verbally; does not have a native writing system[2] | |
| Official status | |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | tuj |
| Glottolog | tugu1256 |
 The Togutil language speaking areas (blue) on Halmahera. | |
Togutil is also often considered a dialect of the Tobelo language because of its similarities, it is often also called "Tobelo Dalam" or "Inner Tobelo". This language itself is classified by Ethnologue as endangered.[4] According to Glottolog 5.0, the dialect is divided into Kusuri in the west, near town of Tobelo, and Teluk Lili in the east.[5]
Phonology
editVowels
editThe following are the vowels in the Tugutil language.[6]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Close-mid | e | o | |
| Low-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Near-open | æ | ||
| Open | a |
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Togutil at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Taylor, Paul Michael (1988). "From mantra to mataráa: Opacity and transparency in the language of Tobelo magic and medicine (Halmahera Island, Indonesia)". Social Science & Medicine. 27 (5): 425–436. doi:10.1016/0277-9536(88)90365-6. PMID 3067356. ; see p. 430.
- ^ Central PKMST Project (Indonesia) (1994). Isolated Community Development: Data & Information. Directorate of Isolated Community Development, Directorate General of Social Welfare Development, Department of Social Affairs, Central PKSMT Project.
- ^ Sembiring, Labodalih (22 April 2012). "A Public Works Project Threatens Rice Harvest in Remote Indonesia". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 17 September 2013.
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ^ Taha, Mujahid (2016-06-01). "Vokal Bahasa Togutil". Gramatika: Jurnal Ilmiah Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan (in Indonesian). 4 (1). Kantor Bahasa Maluku Utara: 59–64. doi:10.31813/gramatika/4.1.2016.49.59--64. ISSN 2599-3283.
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