The toad notie (Lindbergichthys mizops), or toad notothen, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, belonging to the family Nototheniidae, the notothens or cod icefishes. It is native to the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean.
| Toad notie | |
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| A drawing of the painted notie (Lepidonotothen mizops) by J.C.Hureau | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Nototheniidae |
| Genus: | Lindbergichthys |
| Species: | L. mizops
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| Binomial name | |
| Lindbergichthys mizops (Günther, 1880)
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Taxonomy
editThe toad notie was first formally described in 1880 as Notothenia mizops by the German-born British ichthyologist Albert Günther with the type locality given as Christmas harbor and Howes Foreland on Kerguelen Island at a depth of 120 fathoms. The type was collected on the Challenger Expedition.[2] When the Russian ichthyologist Arkady Vladimirovich Balushkin described the subgenus Lindbergichthys he designated N. mizops as its type species.[3] The specific name mizops means "large eyes" alluding to this fish having eyes the same size as the larger Lepidonotothen squamifrons.[4]
Description
editThe toad notie has an oblong body which is compressed towards the tail. It has dorsally positioned eyes which may bulge above the dorsal profile of the head, they eyes are separated by a narrow area which has a width less than the diameter of the eye. The pores in the sensory canal on the head are small. The mouth is small and does not extend to the middle of the eye and there are conical teeth in the jaws. The body is largely cover in ctenoid scales with non-ctenoid scales present on cheeks, gills and on the top of head behind the eyes. The first dorsal fin contains 4-5 spines, it is completely separate from the second dorsal fin which has 34-37 soft rays while the anal fin has 33-35 rays.[5] This species grows to a standard length of 15 cm (5.9 in).[6] There are two series of large, irregular blackish blotches along the body, these join at the midflank but not symmetrically creating a weak chequerboard pattern. There are tow diagonal dark stripes on the cheek, a blackish spot on first dorsal fin and vertical stripes on the second dorsal fin and the anal fin.[1][5]
Distribution and habitat
editThe toad noties is found off island groups in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. It has been recorded from Heard Islands, the Kerguelen Islands, the Prince Edward Islands and the Crozet Islands.[5] It can be found at depths from 20 to 220 m (66 to 722 ft).[1]
Biology
editThe toad notie spawns from May to June and occasionally to July. The eggs have a diameter of greater than 1.65 mm.[1]
Fisheries
editIt is of no interest to commercial fisheries.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Lindbergichthys mizops". FishBase. June 2021 version.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Lindbergichthys". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Nototheniidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
- ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (12 April 2021). "Order Perciformes: Suborder Notothenoididei: Families Bovichtidae, Pseaudaphritidae, Elegopinidae, Nototheniidae, Harpagiferidae, Artedidraconidae, Bathydraconidae, Channichthyidae and Percophidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
- ^ a b c H.H. Dewitt; P.C. Heemstra; and O. Gon (1990). "Nototheniidae Notothens". In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.). Fishes of the Southern Ocean. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity. ISBN 9780868102115.
- ^ Miya, T.; Gon, O.; Mwale, M. & Poulin, E. (2016). "Molecular systematics and taxonomic status of three latitudinally widespread nototheniid (Perciformes: Notothenioidei) fishes from the Southern Ocean". Zootaxa. 4061 (4): 381–396. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4061.4.4. PMID 27395508.