Tindi is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken in the Russian republic of Dagestan. Tindis have no individual designation for their langiage, but those living in the village of Idar call their language Idarab mitstsi meaning 'the language of the Idar village'. It is only an oral language; Avar or Russian are used in written communication instead.[1] Tindi vocabulary contains many loanwords from Avar, Turkish, Arabic, and Russian.[2] It has approximately 2,150 speakers.[1]
Tindi | |
---|---|
Идараб мицци Idarab mittsi | |
Native to | North Caucasus |
Region | Southern Dagestan |
Native speakers | 2,200 (2010 census)[1] |
Northeast Caucasian
| |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | tin |
Glottolog | tind1238 |
ELP | Tindi |
Phonology
editVowels
editFront | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i iː | u uː | |
Mid | e eː | o oː | |
Open | a aː |
Nasalized vowels may also exist as /ĩ, ẽ, ã, õ, ũ/ and as long-nasalized /ĩː, ẽː, ãː, õː, ũː/.
Consonants
editLabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyn- geal |
Glottal | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
central | lateral | central | palatalized | ||||||||||||||
lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | ||||||
Nasal | m | n | |||||||||||||||
Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | kː | kʲ | kːʲ | ||||||||||
ejective | tʼ | kʼ | kʼʲ | ʔ | |||||||||||||
voiced | b | d | ɡ | ɡʲ | |||||||||||||
Affricate | voiceless | t͡s | t͡sː | t͡ʃ | t͡ʃː | t͡ɬː | q͡χː | ||||||||||
ejective | t͡sʼ | t͡sːʼ | t͡ʃʼ | t͡ʃːʼ | t͡ɬːʼ | q͡χːʼ | |||||||||||
Fricative | voiceless | s | sː | ʃ | ʃː | ɬ | ɬː | ç | χ | χː | ħ | h | |||||
voiced | z | ʒ | ʁ | ʕ | |||||||||||||
Trill | r | ||||||||||||||||
Approximant | w | l | j |
References
edit- ^ a b c Tindi at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Akiner, Shirin (1986). Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Union. Routledge. p. 264. ISBN 978-1-136-14266-6.
- Magomedbekova, Z. M. (2001). "Tindinskij Jazyk". Yazyki mira: Kavkazskie Yazyki. Moskva: Academia. pp. 283–291.
External links
edit