The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Ferrara in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy.
Prior to 17th century edit
- 7th century
- San Giorgio Cathedral built.[1]
- Benedictine Pomposa Abbey founded near Ferrara (approximate date).[2]
- 624 – Roman Catholic diocese of Ferrara active.[3]
- 753 – Lombards in power.[4]
- 774 – Archbishop of Ravenna in power.[5]
- 988 – Tedald of Canossa in power.[5]
- 1055 – "Imperial privileges" granted.[4]
- 1101 – Ferrara besieged by forces of Matilda of Tuscany.[6]
- 1115 – Ferrara becomes a "free commune."[1]
- 1135 – New San Giorgio Cathedral consecrated on the Piazza Maggiore.[1]
- 1158 – Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor in power.[5]
- 1196 – Azzo VI of Este becomes podesta.[2]
- 1227 – San Francesco church built.[1]
- 1240 – City besieged; Azzo VII d'Este in power.[2]
- 1243 – Palazzo Ducale built.[2]
- 1249 – Sant'Antonio in Polesine monastery founded.[2]
- 1264 – Obizzo II d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara in power.[2]
- 1278 – Ferarra becomes part of the Papal States.[2]
- 1283 – Torre del Rigobello (tower) built.[1]
- 1313 – Riccobaldo da Ferrara begins writing his Chronica parva Ferrariensis
- 1317 – Obizzo III d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara in power.
- 1326 – Palazzo della Ragione built.[6]
- 1333 – "Papal forces making a bid for more control in the province were defeated at Ferrara."[2]
- 1382 – Plague.[2]
- 1385
- Economic unrest.[2]
- Castello Estense (castle) and Palazzo Schifanoia construction begins.[5]
- 1391
- University of Ferrara established.[5]
- Palazzo Paradiso built.[1]
- 1393 – Niccolò III d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara in power.[7]
- 1435 – Castello Nuovo (castle) built.[1]
- 1438 – Religious Council of Ferrara held.[6]
- 1441 – Leonello d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara in power.[2]
- 1450 – Borso d'Este in power.[2]
- 1452 – Birth of future religious leader Savonarola.[6]
- 1461 – Certosa of Ferrara built.[1]
- 1471
- Printing press in operation.[8][9]
- Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara in power.
- Via Coperta walkway built.[1]
- 1482 – War of Ferrara begins.[2]
- 1484 – War of Ferrara ends; Venetian forces win.[2]
- 1492 – Addizione Erculea development begins.[6]
- 1493 – Palazzo dei Diamanti construction begins.[1]
- 1516 – Ariosto's poem Orlando Furioso published in Ferrara.[10]
- 1570 – November: 1570 Ferrara earthquake.[1]
- 1598 – Ferrara becomes part of the Papal States.[4]
17th–19th centuries edit
- 1602 – Teatro della Sala Grande (theatre) built.[1]
- 1608 – Castel Tedaldo demolished.[1]
- 1753 – Biblioteca Comunale Ariostea (library) opens in the Palazzo Paradiso.
- 1771 – University of Ferrara Botanic Garden founded.[11]
- 1796 – City "occupied by Napoleonic troops" (until 1815).[1]
- 1797 – 2nd Battalion of the Polish Legions founded in Ferrara.[12]
- 1798 – Teatro Comunale (Ferrara) (theatre) opens.[13]
- 1823 – Accademia delle Scienze di Ferrara (learned society) formed.[14]
- 1836 – Pinacoteca Nazionale di Ferrara (museum) established in the Palazzo dei Diamanti.[2]
- 1838 – Teatro Montecatini (theatre) active.[15]
- 1846 – Teatro Bonacossi (theatre) active.[15]
- 1847 – Austrians take city.[4][16]
- 1859 – Austrians ousted; Ferrara becomes part of the Kingdom of Italy.[4][6]
- 1861 – Population: 64,204.[citation needed]
- 1868 – Teatro Accademico (theatre) opens.[15]
- 1872 – Museo di storia naturale (Ferrara) (museum) opens.[17]
- 1897 – Population: 89,310.[18]
20th century edit
- 1901
- Ferrara-Codigoro Tram begins operating.[19]
- Ferrara Camera del Lavoro (labor centre) founded.[20]
- 1903 – Ferrara Tram begins operating.
- 1907 – SPAL (football club) formed.
- 1911 – Population: 95,212.[21]
- 1912 – Birth of future filmmaker Antonioni.[4]
- 1920 – 20 December: Eccidio del Castello Estense (1920) (political unrest).
- 1925 – Corriere Padano newspaper begins publication.
- 1926 – Teatro Nuovo (Ferrara) (theatre) opens.[22]
- 1928 – Stadio Paolo Mazza opens.
- 1943 – 15 November: Eccidio del Castello Estense (1943) (political unrest).[23]
- 1944 – Bombing during World War II.[citation needed]
- 1955 – Archivio di Stato di Ferrara (state archives) established.[24]
- 1961 – Population: 152,654.[citation needed]
- 1971 – City divided into 13 administrative frazione: Baura, Denore, Fossanova San Marco, Francolino, Gaibanella, Marrara, Mizzana, Pontegradella, Pontelagoscuro, Porotto, Quartesana, Ravalle, San Bartolomeo in Bosco, and San Martino; and 9 quartieri: Arianuova, Barco, Centro cittadino, Giardino, Mizzana, Porta Mare, Quacchio, San Giorgio, and Via Bologna.(it)
- 1973 – Istituto di Storia Contemporanea di Ferrara (history society) founded.[25]
- 1989 – La Nuova Ferrara newspaper begins publication.[26]
- 1999 – Gaetano Sateriale becomes mayor.
21st century edit
- 2009 – Tiziano Tagliani becomes mayor.
- 2014 – Population: 133,485.
- 2019 – Alan Fabbri becomes mayor.
See also edit
Timelines of other cities in the macroregion of Northeast Italy:(it)
- Emilia-Romagna region: Timeline of Bologna; Forlì; Modena; Parma; Piacenza; Ravenna; Reggio Emilia; Rimini
- Friuli-Venezia Giulia region: Timeline of Trieste
- Trentino-South Tyrol region: Timeline of Bolzano; Trento
- Veneto region: Timeline of Padua; Treviso; Venice; Verona; Vicenza
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Ferrara". Oxford Art Online.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|url=(help) Retrieved 6 December 2016 - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Wood 1995.
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f Domenico 2002.
- ^ a b c d e Kleinhenz 2004.
- ^ a b c d e f Britannica 1910.
- ^ Colantuono 2010.
- ^ Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. London: H. Grevel & Co.
- ^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Italy: Ferrara". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450631.
- ^ Michael Wyatt, ed. (2014). "Timeline". Cambridge Companion to the Italian Renaissance. Cambridge University Press. p. xxi+. ISBN 978-1-139-99167-4.
- ^ "Garden Search: Italy". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
- ^ Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1925). Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831 (in Polish). Warszawa: Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej. p. 44.
- ^ Seragnoli 2007.
- ^ Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
- ^ a b c Scelsi 1875.
- ^ Alfredo Comandini [in Italian] (1900). L'Italia nei cento anni del secolo XIX (1801-1900): giorno per giorno (in Italian). Milan: Antonio Vallardi Editore. OCLC 2899668. 1900-1942. (Chronology)
- ^ "History". Museo Civico di storia naturale. Città di Ferrara. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
- ^ Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1899). "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ Centro ricerche Documentazione e Studi 1999, L’infrastruttura ferroviaria.
- ^ "Confederazione Generale Italiana del Lavoro: Camera del Lavoro Territoriale di Ferrara" (in Italian). Retrieved 6 December 2016.
- ^ "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1913. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368374.
- ^ "Luoghi della Cultura: Ricerca" (in Italian). Ministero per i Beni e le Attivita Culturali. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
- ^ "MuseoFerrara" (in Italian). Retrieved 6 December 2016.
- ^ "Sede". Archivio di Stato di Ferrara (in Italian). Ministero per i Beni e le Attivita Culturali. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
- ^ "Chi Siamo" (in Italian). Istituto di Storia Contemporanea di Ferrara. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
- ^ "Italy". Western Europe. Regional Surveys of the World (5th ed.). Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.
This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.
Bibliography edit
in English edit
- John Blair; J. Willoughby Rosse (1858). "Ferrara". Index of Dates. London: H.G. Bohn.
- Jacob Burckhardt (1878) [1860]. The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy. Vol. 1–2. London.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) (includes information about Ferrara circa 14th-16th century) - "Ferrara". Hand-book for Travellers in Northern Italy (16th ed.). London: John Murray. 1897. OCLC 2231483.
- "Ferrara". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901. hdl:2027/njp.32101065312892.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Ismar Elbogen (1903), "Ferrara", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 5, New York, hdl:2027/mdp.49015002282276
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 283.
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Ferrara", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t
- "Ferrara". Northern Italy (14th ed.). Leipzig: Karl Baedeker. 1913. + 1870 ed.
- Paul Corner (1975). Fascism in Ferrara, 1915-1925.
- Beth F. Wood (1995). "Ferrara". In Trudy Ring; Robert M. Salkin (eds.). Southern Europe. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Vol. 3. Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 246–250. ISBN 1884964052.
- Charles M. Rosenberg (1997). Este Monuments and Urban Development in Renaissance Ferrara. Cambridge University Press.
- Roy Domenico (2002). "Emilia Romagna: Ferrara". Regions of Italy: a Reference Guide to History and Culture. Greenwood. pp. 85+. ISBN 0313307334.
- Christopher Kleinhenz, ed. (2004). "Ferrara". Medieval Italy: an Encyclopedia. Routledge. pp. 335–336. ISBN 0415939291.
- Daniele Seragnoli (2007). "Ferrara". In Gaetana Marrone (ed.). Encyclopedia of Italian Literary Studies. Routledge. pp. 716–719. ISBN 978-1-57958-390-3.
- Anthony Colantuono (2010). "Estense patronage and the construction of the Ferrarese Renaissance, c. 1395-1598". In Charles M. Rosenberg (ed.). Court Cities of Northern Italy: Milan, Parma, Piacenza, Mantua, Ferrara, Bologna, Urbino, Pesaro, and Rimini. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-79248-6.
- Colum Hourihane, ed. (2012). "Ferrara". Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-539536-5.
in Italian edit
- Antonio Frizzi [in Italian] (1787). Guida del forestiere per la città di Ferrara (in Italian). Per Francesco Pomatelli al Seminario.
- F. Avventi (1838). Il servitore di piazza: guida per Ferrara (in Italian). Pomatelli.
- Carlo Morbio (1840). Ferrara, Pavia e Lodi. Storie dei municipi italiani (in Italian) (2nd ed.). Milan: Manini. OCLC 758844008.
- Luigi Napoleone Cittadella (1868). Notizie amministrative, storiche, artische relative a Ferrara (in Italian). Ferrara.
- Giacinto Scelsi (1875). Statistica della provincia di Ferrara (in Italian).
- Nicola Bernardini, ed. (1890). "Provincia di Ferrara". Guida della stampa periodica italiana (in Italian). Lecce: R. Tipografia editrice salentina dei fratelli Spacciante. hdl:2027/njp.32101074983378.
- Giuseppe Agnelli (1906). Ferrara e Pomposa. Collezione di monografie illustrate. Ser. 1a--Italia artistica 2 (in Italian) (3rd ed.). Bergamo: Istituto italiano d'arti grafiche.
- Annuario Socio-Economico Ferrarese 1999 (in Italian), Ferrara: Centro ricerche Documentazione e Studi
External links edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ferrara.
- "Archivio Storico Comunale di Ferrara" (in Italian). (city archives)
- Items related to Ferrara, various dates (via Europeana)
- Items related to Ferrara, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)