The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Brest, France.
Prior to 20th century edit
- 1060s – Moat dug around the Château de Brest (approximate date).
- 1240 - Ceded by a count of Léon to John I, Duke of Brittany
- 14th C. – Tour Tanguy built (approximate date).
- 1342 – 18 August: Battle of Brest (1342).
- 1386 - Siege of Brest (1386)
- 16th C. Château de Brest construction concluded.[1]
- 1512 – 10 August: Naval Battle of Saint-Mathieu occurs offshore.
- 1631 - Richelieu constructed a harbour with wooden wharves.[1]
- 1680/88 - Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban fortified the harbour.[1]
- 1694 - (18 June) Battle of Camaret, an English squadron under John Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley of Stratton, was miserably defeated.[1]
- 1702 – St. Louis Church, Brest consecrated.
- 1749 – Saint-Sauveur Church built in Recouvrance.
- 1751 – Brest Prison built.
- 1752 – Académie de Marine founded.[2]
- 1783 – Questel Fort built.
- 1784 – Fort Montbarey built.
- 1793
- 2 January: Childers Incident occurs in the Goulet de Brest.
- Population: 24,180.
- 1794 - French fleet, under Villaret de Joyeuse, was beaten by the English Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe
- 1805 – Prison de Pontaniou built.
- 1848
- Phare du Petit Minou and Phare du Portzic (lighthouses) built.
- Lycée de Brest (school) founded.
- 1851 – Chamber of Commerce established.[3]
- 1858
- Nantes-Brest canal begins operating.
- Société académique de Brest founded.
- 1861 – Pont National (swing-bridge) built.
- 1865 – Paris–Brest railway begins operating.
- 1876 – Population: 66,828.[4]
- 1882 – Société de géographie de Brest founded.[2]
- 1886
- La Dépêche de Brest newspaper begins publication.[5]
- Population: 70,778.[6]
- 1898 – Brest tramway begins operating.
20th century edit
- 1903 – Tramways Électrique du Finistère begins operating.
- 1905 – AS Brestoise football club formed.
- 1911 – Population: 90,540.[7]
- 1930 – Plougastel Bridge built near city.
- 1932 – Gare de Brest built.
- 1939 – Augustin-Morvan Hospital built.
- 1940
- World War II begins.
- Gegen Engeland German-language newspaper begins publication.
- 1942 – Brest submarine base built in the Arsenal.
- 1944
- August: Battle for Brest begins.
- 9 September: Sadi-Carnot explosion.
- 18 September: Germans ousted by Allied forces.[8]
- 1947
- 28 July: Ocean Liberty explosion.
- Brest trolleybus begins operating.
- 1951 – Pont de l'Harteloire (bridge) built.
- 1954
- Pont de Recouvrance (bridge) built.
- Société d'études de Brest et du Léon founded.[2]
- 1957 – Bibus regional transit network created.
- 1958 – St. Louis Church, Brest rebuilt.
- 1959 – Georges Lombard becomes mayor.
- 1970 – University of Western Brittany founded.[9]
- 1973 - Rïnkla Stadium built.
- 1974 - Urban Community of Brest established.
- 1975 - Population: 166,826.
- 1976 – Dialogues (bookshop) in business.
- 1982
- Pierre Maille becomes mayor.
- Brest becomes part of the Brittany (administrative region).
- 1986 – Brest European Short Film Festival begins.
- 1997 – Socialist Party national congress held in Brest.
21st century edit
- 2001 – François Cuillandre becomes mayor.
- 2012
- Brest tramway begins operating.
- Population: 141,315.
- 2014 – Brest Arena built.
- 2016 – Brest aerial tram begins operating.
- 2017 – Les Ateliers des Capucins, a mall and cultural venue, opens.
See also edit
- other cities in the Brittany region
References edit
- ^ a b c d Britannica 1910.
- ^ a b c "Sociétés savantes de France (Brest)" (in French). Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ United States Department of Commerce; Archibald J. Wolfe (1915). "List of Chambers". Commercial Organizations in France. USA: Government Printing Office.
- ^ "France". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1882. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590428.
- ^ A. de Chambure (1914). A travers la presse (in French). Paris: Fert, Albouy & cie.
- ^ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1890. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590527.
- ^ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
- ^ "Brest". Encyclopédie Larousse (in French). Éditions Larousse. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ Walter Rüegg [in German], ed. (2011). "Universities founded in Europe between 1945 and 1995". Universities Since 1945. History of the University in Europe. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-49425-0.
This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.
Bibliography edit
in English edit
- "Brest". Handbook for Travellers in France. London: John Murray. 1861.
- C.B. Black (1876). "Brest". Guide to the North of France. Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black.
- "Brest". Northern France. Leipsic: Karl Baedeker. 1899. OCLC 2229516.
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 500.
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Brest", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776
in French edit
- Eusèbe Girault de Saint-Fargeau [in French] (1850). "Brest". Guide pittoresque: portatif et complet, du voyageur en France (in French) (3rd ed.). Paris: Firmin Didot frères. p. 244. hdl:2027/uiug.30112081968700.
- Joanne, Paul (1890). "Brest". Bretagne. Guides Joanne (in French).
- "Brest". L'Armorique. À la France: sites et monuments (in French). Paris: Touring-Club de France. 1903. OCLC 457600236.
External links edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Brest, France.
- Items related to Brest, various dates (via Europeana).
- Items related to Brest, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).