The Tettigarctidae, known as the hairy cicadas, are a small relict (mostly extinct) family of primitive cicadas. Along with more than 20 extinct genera, Tettigarctidae contains a single extant genus, Tettigarcta, with two extant species, one from southern Australia (T. crinita) and one from the island of Tasmania (T. tomentosa). Numerous fossil species have been described from the Late Triassic onwards. Tettigarcta are the closest living relatives of the true cicadas.[1][2]

Tettigarctidae
Temporal range: Norian–Recent
Tettigarcta crinita specimen in the Australian Museum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
Superfamily: Cicadoidea
Family: Tettigarctidae
Distant, 1905
Paratettigarcta zealandica, fore and hindwing
Sanmai kongi from the upper Middle–lower Upper Jurassic Daohugou beds, China

Genera

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Only one genus in the family Tettigarctidae is not extinct, Tettigarcta.[3][4]

Many fossil genera have been historically attributed to this family. However, it has been argued that Tettigarctidae including all of these fossil species is a paraphyletic group that also includes some cicadas that are more closely related to Cicadidae than to Tettigarcta.[5]

Dates given in million years ago (Ma).

Family Tettigarctidae

Subfamily Cicadoprosbolinae Evans, 1956

Subfamily Tettigarctinae Distant, 1905

  • Cretotettigarcta Fu, Cai and Huang, 2019 Burmese amber, Myanmar, 99 Ma (argued to be more closely related to Cicadidae[5])
  • Tribe Meunierini Boulard et Nel, 1990
    • Kisylia Martynov 1937 - Kyzyl-Kiya, Kyrgyzstan, Early Jurassic 189.6 to 183.0 Ma
    • Meuniera Piton 1936 - Menat Formation, France, Paleocene 58.7 to 55.8 Ma
  • Tribe Tettigarctini Distant, 1905

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Marshall, David C.; Moulds, Max; Hill, Kathy B. R.; Price, Benjamin W.; et al. (2018). "A molecular phylogeny of the cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) with a review of tribe and subfamily classification". Zootaxa. 4424 (1): 1–64. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4424.1.1. PMID 30313477.
  2. ^ Cryan, JR; Urban, JM (2011). "Higher-level phylogeny of the insect order Hemiptera: is Auchenorrhyncha really paraphyletic?". Systematic Entomology. 37 (1): 7–21. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2011.00611.x.
  3. ^ Moulds, M.S. (2018). "Cicada fossils (Cicadoidea: Tettigarctidae and Cicadidae) with a review of the named fossilised Cicadidae". Zootaxa. 4438 (3): 443–470. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4438.3.2. PMID 30313130.
  4. ^ Behrensmeyer; Turner, A. "Family Tettigarctidae Distant 1905 (hairy cicada)". Fossilworks, Taxonomic occurrences of Suidae recorded in the Paleobiology Database.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Jiang, Hui; Szwedo, Jacek; Labandeira, Conrad C.; Chen, Jun; Moulds, Maxwell S.; Mähler, Bastian; Muscente, A. Drew; Zhuo, De; Nyunt, Thet Tin; Zhang, Haichun; Wei, Cong; Rust, Jes; Wang, Bo (2024-01-08). "Mesozoic evolution of cicadas and their origins of vocalization and root feeding". Nature Communications. 15 (1). doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44446-x. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 10774268. PMID 38191461.
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