Temple of Juno Caelestis was a temple in Carthage, constructed in the 2nd century AD and closed in 399.[1] It was converted to a Christian church in 399 and was destroyed in 421. No remains of the temple has been found.
It was one of the biggest buildings of Roman Carthage as well as one of its biggest holy sites. The temple was dedicated to the indigenous goddess Tanit in her Roman shape of Juno, who was the protective city goddess of Carthage was well as one of the most worshipped deities in North Africa.[2] The temple was not just a dominant institution of Carthage, but one of the major holy sites of the Roman Empire, and a destination of pilgrims from the empire.
During the 4th-and 5th-centuries, the temple played a central role in the religious conflict between Pagans and Christians. It was a symbol of Paganism in Carthage and targeted by the Christians. In 399 it was converted to the cathedral of the newly Christian Carthage. It was destroyed by the Christians in 421 under big protests from the Pagans, an act viewed as the victory of Christianity over Paganism.