Telephone numbers in Russia

Telephone numbers in Russia are administered by Roskomnadzor, and Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation.[1] Russia's National Numbering Plan (NNP) is a four-level telephone numbering plan with local, zone, country, and international scopes, implementing a closed numbering plan, in which the number of digits of all national significant numbers (NSN) assigned to subscriber telephones is fixed at ten,[2] with three digits for the area code, and a seven-digit subscriber number which includes a zone code of up to two digits. Internationally, Russia participates in the numbering plans of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) provided by recommendations E.164 and E.123, using the telephone country code 7.

Telephone numbers in Russia
Zones of ABC codes by subjects.
8XX is used for Sevastopol, Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, and Kherson.
Location
CountryRussia
ContinentEurope
RegulatorMinistry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation
TypeClosed
NSN length10
Format(ABC) xxx-xx-xx
Numbering planRussian Federation
Last updated2016
Access codes
Country code7
International access8~xx (dial 8, wait for dial tone, and dial international carrier selection code)
Long-distance8

Russia shares its numbering plan with Kazakhstan, designating two area codes for routing calls to that country.

History

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After the breakup of the Soviet Union, the country used an open numbering plan, having a varying number of digits. Local telecommunications regulators had planned to abandon this system by 2009, but postponed the changeover until 2010,[3] later pushed once more until 2012[4] and finally approved for implementation in the period of 2020–2025.[5]

Historically, country code 7 was used as the country calling code for all of the Soviet Union. Following the Soviet break-up, all of its former republics, save for Russia and Kazakhstan, switched to new country codes. Following Abkhazia's unrecognized claim to have seceded from Georgia, Abkhazia switched to the Russian telephone codes 7 840 for landlines and 7 940 for mobile phones, although it still can be reached via the Georgian telephone code 995 44.[6]

Long-distance and international prefixes

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The international dialing prefix in Russia is "8", callers dial "8", area code, and number. The long-distance prefix is "8". Plans exist to change those prefixes to "0" for national and "00" for international dialing,[7] to be implemented by 2020.[needs update]

Placing long-distance and international calls

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For reaching long-distance and international destinations from a fixed line, a subscriber may select from two services: Pre-Select or Hot-Choice. With Pre-Select, the subscriber calls a prescribed free number (8-800-333-0990 for MTT or 8-800-100-2525 RT) and signs up initially for service. They may also sign a statement at the phone company indicating their choice of provider. With this provider, the prefixes and dialing procedures for non-local calls are the ones currently in use.

The default regulation in Moscow is Hot-Choice (not available yet on all exchanges; regional operators apply their own regulation depending on availability). Available operators are:

The dialing pattern for Hot-Choice subscribers is different. After dialing "8", the subscriber waits for a tone and then dials the operator code (OC) either for a long-distance call or an international call.

Operator Long-distance call code International call code
RT 55 10
MTT 53 58
GT 51 56
TTK 52 57
Orange 54 59
Arctel 21 26
Synterra 22 27
Comstar 23 28

Dialing pattern

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Note: the tone signal after dialing "8" is compulsory on old analog exchanges and optional on digital exchanges.

Calls within a city or region

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xxx-xx-xx (exception: Moscow—see below), e.g.:

  • 3-45-67
  • 22-33-44
  • 234-56-78

Local phone numbers in Russia may be made up of five (x-xx-xx), six (xx-xx-xx), or seven (xxx-xx-xx) digits.

Moscow City has three area codes assigned: 495, 498 and 499:

  • when calling from any zone to 499: 8 499 xxx-xx-xx
  • when calling from any zone to 498: 8 498 xxx-xx-xx
  • when calling from any zone to 495: 8 495 xxx-xx-xx

Calls between these codes are local calls and are not charged at long-distance rates.

Calls between cities/regions within Russia

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Pre-Selected Operator: 8-tone-ABC xxx-xx-xx (where ABC is the area code)

  • e.g. 8 812 234-56-78 (to St. Petersburg)

Hot-Choice Operator selection: 8-tone-OC ABC xxx-xx-xx (where OC is the Operator Code and ABC is the area code)

  • e.g. 8-53 812 234-56-78 (to St. Petersburg via MTT)

International calls from Russia

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Pre-Selected Operator: 8-tone-10 International number

  • e.g. 8-10 44 20 7946-0123 (to London/UK)

Hot-Choice Operator selection: 8-tone-OC International number where OC is the Operator Code

  • e.g. 8-58 44 20 7946-0123 (to London/UK via MTT)

Calls from outside Russia

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+7 ABC xxx-xx-xx
where ABC is the area code

Area codes

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First digit of code Routed to
0 Not used (Reserved for long-distance and international prefix)
1 Not used (Used to designate the first digit of the number for access to custom and information and reference services organized by operators of networks of fixed zonal, long-distance and international telephone communications)
2 Reserved (for common usage with Kazakhstan)[citation needed]
3 Geographic codes
4 Geographic codes
5 Reserved
6 Used for numbers in Kazakhstan[16]
7 Used for numbers in Kazakhstan[16]
8 Geographic codes, Toll-Free, and Pay-Line (for common usage with Kazakhstan and Abkhazia)
9 Mobile, GSM, & Pay-Line (code 940 is for Abkhazia mobiles)

List of area codes in Russia

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The dialing code range 4xx was introduced on 1 December 2005 to replace 0xx, in order to make it possible to adopt the ITU convention of 0 and 00 dialing prefixes for local and international dialing respectively. The old '095' dialing code, along with 19 other Russian area codes starting with '0', expired on 31 January 2006.[17]

On 7 May 2022, following the annexation of Donetsk and Luhansk by Russian forces, the two oblasts were integrated into the Russian numbering plan.

Region Area code Old code (inactive) Remarks
Republic of Adygea 877
Altai Krai 385
Altai Republic 388
Amur Oblast 416
Arkhangelsk Oblast and Nenets Autonomous Okrug 818
Astrakhan Oblast 851
Republic of Bashkortostan 347
Belgorod Oblast 472 072
Bryansk Oblast 483 083
Republic of Buryatia 301
Vladimir Oblast 492 092
Volgograd Oblast 844
Vologda Oblast 817, 820
Voronezh Oblast 473 073
Republic of Dagestan 872
Donetsk People's Republic 856 +380 62
(Ukrainian plan)
062 was used for the Donetsk Oblast under the Soviet-era numbering plan; the corresponding code under the current Russian plan, 462, is unused.
Jewish Autonomous Oblast 426
Sverdlovsk Oblast 343
Ivanovo Oblast 493 093
Republic of Ingushetia 873
Irkutsk Oblast 395
Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria 866
Kaliningrad Oblast 401 011
Republic of Kalmykia 847
Kaluga Oblast 484 084
Kamchatka Krai 415
Republic of Karachay–Cherkessia 878
Republic of Karelia 814
Kemerovo Oblast 384
Kirov Oblast 833
Komi Republic 821
Kostroma Oblast 494 094
Krasnodar Krai 861, 862
Krasnoyarsk Krai 391
Kurgan Oblast 352
Kursk Oblast 471 071
Leningrad Oblast 813
Lipetsk Oblast 474 074
Luhansk People's Republic 857 +380 64
(Ukrainian plan)
064 was used for the Luhansk Oblast under the Soviet-era numbering plan; the corresponding code under the current Russian plan, 464, is unused.
Magadan Oblast 413
Republic of Mari El 836
Republic of Mordovia 834
Moscow City 495, 499 095
Moscow Oblast 496, 498 096
Murmansk Oblast 815
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast 831
Novgorod Oblast 816
Novosibirsk Oblast 383
Omsk Oblast 381
Orenburg Oblast 353
Oryol Oblast 486 086
Penza Oblast 841
Perm Krai 342
Primorsky Krai 423
Pskov Oblast 811
Rostov Oblast 863
Ryazan Oblast 491 091
Samara Oblast 846, 848
Saint Petersburg 812
Saratov Oblast 845
Sakhalin Oblast 424
Republic of North Ossetia–Alania 867
Smolensk Oblast 481 081
Stavropol Krai 865, 879
Tambov Oblast 475 075
Republic of Tatarstan 843, 855
Tver Oblast 482 082
Tomsk Oblast 382
Tula Oblast 487 087
Republic of Tyva (Tuva) 394
Tyumen Oblast 345
Republic of Udmurtia 341
Ulyanovsk Oblast 842
Khabarovsk Krai 421
Republic of Khakassia 390
Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug 346
Chelyabinsk Oblast 351
Republic of Chechnya 871
Zabaykalsky Krai 302
Republic of Chuvashia 835
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug 427
Republic of Crimea 365 +380 65
(Ukrainian plan)
065 was used for the Crimean Oblast under the Soviet-era numbering plan; the corresponding code under the current Russian plan, 465, is unused.
Sakha Republic (Yakutia) 411
Sevastopol 869 +380 69
(Ukrainian plan)
069 was used for Sevastopol under the Soviet-era numbering plan; the corresponding code under the current Russian plan, 469, is unused.
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug 349
Yaroslavl Oblast 485 085

Toll-free & pay-line codes

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Code Service
800 FPH: Freephone
862 FPH: Fixed
801 AAB: Automatic alternative billing
802 CCC: Credit card calling
803 VOT: Televoting
804 UAN: Universal access number
805 PCC: Prepaid card calling
806 ACC: Account card calling
807 VPN: Virtual private network
808 UPT: Universal personal Telecommunication
809 PRM: Premium rate
881–899 Reserved
900–953
955–969
972–999
Mobile networks
954 Satellite operators
970 Telematic services
971 Data transfer services

Special numbers (emergencies)

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Number Service Old (active)
101 Fire brigade 01
102 Police 02
103 Ambulance 03
104 Gas service 04
112 General emergency
107 Directory assistance, Rostelecom 07
109 Directory assistance (free, limited info) 09
009 Directory assistance (pay service, 35 rubles/min.) in Moscow
100 Talking clock in Moscow
115 Information on electronic government services[18]

In a press conference in December 2013 Minister of Emergency Situations, Vladimir Puchkov said that the unified system runs in a full pilot mode from 2014 and will fully enter to operational mode in 2016.[19]

See also

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Notes

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References

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  1. ^ "Powers of Roskomnadzor". Retrieved 2023-03-08.
  2. ^ "Russian Federation National Numbering Plan" (PDF). ITU. 2022-03-04. Retrieved 2023-03-08.
  3. ^ К 2010 г. Россия дойдет до нулей Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ Выход по телефону на межгород через "8" сохранится до конца 2012 г. Archived 2011-07-24 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Latest edit of government regulation for Russian Telephone plan Archived 2017-12-01 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
  6. ^ Abkhazia remains available by Georgian phone codes, today.az, 2010-01-06, archived from the original on 2012-07-12, retrieved 2010-01-20
  7. ^ Russian numbering plan Archived 2017-12-01 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian), approved on 25 April 2017
  8. ^ Rostelekom Archived 2013-07-29 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ Mezhregionalnyi TranzitTelekom Archived 2014-06-25 at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ Golden Telecom Archived 2008-09-25 at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ TransTelekom Archived 2003-07-21 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ Orange Archived 2007-11-18 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ "Comstar". Archived from the original on 2008-05-17. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
  14. ^ "Arctel". arctel.ru. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
  15. ^ Synterra Archived 2010-11-30 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ a b International Telecom Union - Kazakhstan - Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan (PDF), 2012-11-13, archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-09-07, retrieved 2014-06-12
  17. ^ "Москва лишилась кода "095"". lenta.ru. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
  18. ^ "Russia offers e-govt line over mobile networks". www.telecompaper.com. Archived from the original on 10 April 2016. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
  19. ^ "Система единого вызова экстренных служб "112" полностью заработает в России в 2016 году — Пучков". Tass Telecom. Archived from the original on 28 December 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.