Talk:Inca Empire/Archive 3

Archive 1

Archive 2

Archive 3

English Wikipedia

Can someone please provide English translations of the two Spanish quotes by Francisco López de Jerez and Bernabé Cobo as it is very inappropriate to have them in their original form which cannot be read or understood by the vast majority of readers of the article. - Galloglass 21:41, 2 December 2007 (UTC)

Zompist did one, I have another which is in agreement with his: "They all came divided up in squads with their flags and commanding captains, with as much order (or harmony) as the Turks." and: "… the “guión” or royal standard (an ecclesiastical processional banner) was a small, square banner, of about 10-12 inches (“palmos de ruedo” is a measure from those times and it refers to a small amount/size.), made of cotton or woolen cloth, that was carried at the top of a long flagpole, and was stiff, with no wave on the air; each king painted his arms and emblems (badges) on the banner; because each one (king) chose different ones (paintings on his banner), although the common ones among the Incas had a celestial arch."Tttom1 15:58, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

Irrigation

No mention of coastal desert irrigation and their status[1] as a hydraulic empire? --Belg4mit 07:29, 25 January 2007 (UTC)

Innovations in desert irrigations probably predated the Inca Empire by many centuries. This probably is best contributed to on a separate article rather than this one. --Matses 11:53, 25 January 2007 (UTC)

You misunderstand, I did not say that they invented desert irrigation, or were even the first to irrigate this region. Please read the hydraulic empire entry, and linked resource for a clue. --Belg4mit 18:58, 25 January 2007 (UTC)

It would not be inaccurate to describe the Inca Empire as a hydraulic empire. They did not produce any significant irrigation projects and do not appear to have been particularly expert in the irrigation projects they gained through conquest. Zenyu (talk) 04:58, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

Religion

The bit on Inca religion directly contradicts the Inca mythology page. Here it says that a common misconception is that the Inti is the primary god; on the mythology page it suggests that the Inti was the foremost god from whom the emperors were descended. Which is it? 70.23.10.28 23:30, 25 January 2007 (UTC) Anonymous

I have read in the "Comentarios Reales de los Incas" by Inca Garcilaso de la Vega that Inti was the main god promoted by the Inca rulers. Pachamama predates Inti and was a much more popular deity in all the Andes (she is still worshiped today !), but the Inca nobles wanted to impose Inti as the main god.

I'll try to find more sources.

XtoF

1197

the infobox states "1197" as the foundation of Tawantinsuyu. I've never heard of that, and it shows no sources, as far as i know... everything about the story of Manco Capac seems to point to an uncertain chronology. so does anyone know why "1197" was put as the date? was it just a convenient date to put up? --Hno3 02:17, 25 April 2007 (UTC)

False precision... we don't have that accurate a chronology of Incas. ~1200 would be better. Zompist 06:10, 25 April 2007 (UTC)

about subdivisions banners

Divisions 4 suyos (regions)

Chinchaysuyo
Antisuyo
Contisuyo
Collasuyo

I put this on the infobox, but victor12 reminded me that rainbow flags were not appropiated, maybe should be put the in a separate section near bottom? --Andersmusician $ 05:57, 4 June 2007 (UTC)

Why do they need to be in the article at all? The Incas had neither banners nor notions of banners, flags or coat of arms --Victor12 21:45, 4 June 2007 (UTC)

Beliefs

Can someone write about the beliefs the Incas had. I am a student and I am getting annoyed from trying to find this information. I am not going to vandalise this page, but I just need some information on the relationship to the land that the Incas had. And maybe some stuff on Inca warfare. Never mind that. I will just add some stuff about the Inca weapons. Feel free to edit that to correct any mistakes I make. Efansay 10:11, 12 June 2007 (UTC)

Language

Currently, the article states that all people had to speak Quechuan. Is theis correct? Wasn't Aymara tolerated? Kdammers 04:06, 18 June 2007 (UTC)

It's not true. See Mannheim, The Language of the Inka since the European Invasion, chapter 2, for a discussion. Many other languages were spoken in Inca territory, though Quechua was widely used as a lingua franca. One chronicler, Rodrigo de Cantos, speaking of Ayacucho, notes that only the leaders were required to speak Quechua. Zompist 01:49, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

Tawantin Suyu, Tawantin-Suyu, or Tawantinsuyu?

On wikipedia I've seen all 3 names being used, but I don't suppose all of them could be right. Which is the correct word that should be used as a constant?MarshalN20 23:12, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

The literature on the Incas almost always uses Tawantinsuyu, one word. Llajwa 23:43, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

Machu Picchu picture under "The Last Incas"

I removed the Machu Picchua picture from the "Last Incas" section, explaining my reasons, but another editor reverted without comment. This image does not belong in the section, because it implies a long-since discredited theory (but which is still kicking around some of the popular literature) that Machu Picchu was the same as Vilcabamba, the fabled, lost city of the "Last Incas," who maintained their independence between Pizarro's conquest of Tawantinsuyu and viceroy Toledo's defeat and execution of Tupac Amaru. In fact, Machu Picchu was a royal estate built by a pre-Pizarro Sapa Inca.

The Machu Picchu picture is lovely, and could appropriately illustrate another section of the article (which, however, if full of nice images). But putting it here is not just inappropriate, but very misleading.

Comments?Llajwa 18:25, 17 October 2007 (UTC)

I agree Machu Pichu doesn't represent most of Inca history, machu pichu was builtnearly at the end of the empire.--Andersmusician VOTE 18:13, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

Yes the Machu Picchu image is is inappropriate in its current placement. Possibly the best place to include the picture is with the Monumental architecture section? - Galloglass 02:51, 18 November 2007 (UTC)

Wiki in Spanish

There are many good articles about incas in Spanish. It would be interesting if someone can translate some articles from there =) --Yapxo (talk) 01:25, 20 January 2008 (UTC)

Image:Banner_of_the_Inca_Empire.svg listed for deletion

An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, Image:Banner_of_the_Inca_Empire.svg, has been listed at Wikipedia:Images and media for deletion. Please see the discussion to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Jrtman (talk) 20:16, 13 August 2008 (UTC)

Inca/Incas

In the article, the people of the Incan empire are often referred to as the 'Incas'. This is inaccurate because the king is the only 'Inca'. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Andrew757 (talk • contribs) 16:37, 3 October 2008 (UTC)

Tahuantinsuyu vs Inca Empire

It is wikipedia policy to use the most prevelant English term in articles, so we should use 'Inca Empire', rather than 'Tahuantinsuyu'. Of course, the article should mention that in Quechua it is called 'Tahuantinsuyu', but this being an English language article, the standard English name should be used. Just like in the article on Germany, the country is not repeatedly referred to as Deutschland. Ashmoo (talk) 10:58, 12 November 2008 (UTC)

Cultural lack of slavery

I think it should be mentioned that slaverý as such did not exist on the Inca Empire as opposed to that time european, ancient greek and roman or even mayan and aztecan slavery and human deal. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 190.173.215.215 (talk) 04:15, 18 November 2008 (UTC)

I think is shouldn't. There is an endless list of things the Inca didn't have. Listing them all would be pointless. Ashmoo (talk) 08:53, 18 November 2008 (UTC)

New map

I changed the map for a more detailed one, showing the four suyus and labeling them.--EuroHistoryTeacher (talk) 21:54, 19 January 2009 (UTC)

Population

I have a very good book (The Last Days of the Incas) and it says that by the 1530's the Inca Empire had a population of 10 million not 20 million as it is shown in the article, can we do something about this?--EuroHistoryTeacher (talk) 21:57, 19 January 2009 (UTC)

If you want to read a good book about estimates on the population of the Inca Empire the best source is till Demographic collapse: Indian Peru, 1520–1620 published in 1981 by Noble David Cook. He estimates 9 million people for the 1520s but IIRC that number only refers to the parts of the empire located in what is now Peru. --Victor12 (talk) 02:00, 20 January 2009 (UTC)

That makes perfect sense, the indigenous people inside the peruvian part of the Incan empire was 9 million and the outside had 1 million as estimate, so it would have aprox. 10 million right? so let's change it :) saludos!--EuroHistoryTeacher (talk) 02:18, 20 January 2009 (UTC)

Inca Empire began when???

The most recent edit I made ("years ago" changed to "before present") brought something to my attention. The statement says that the Inca's "probably began 9500 years ago" (7500 BC). But then it goes on to say that the first ruler's estimated reign started in 1250 AD. Those are vastly different dates. So I was hoping someone might know why, or rather which one it should be. Let's pick just one...because both just doesn't seem right. Infero Veritas (talk) 15:10, 12 February 2009 (UTC)

It says 9500 BP, which apparently means 9500 years before 1950 AD. Which is retarded. -lobf (I don't know how to sign my posts properly yet)

I think you are confusing the beginning of Andean civilisation with the founding of the Inca empire. Two very different things. - Galloglass 19:22, 25 July 2009 (UTC)

Name Inca

In the article it states the name Inca comes from the Quechua word 'Inka'. I would like to quote a part from 'The conquest of Peru', written by William H. Prescott: '[Juan de Betanzos] had excellent opportunities of acquainting himself with Inca history and in 1551 wrote Suma y Narracion . . . de los Incas. The manuscript lay for 300 years gathering dust in the Royal Library of El Escorial; t was finally published in 1880. Betanzos is the only historian who attempts to give a name to the people of the Inca; they were called, he said, Capac-cuna.' See also first paragraph here: http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/incas/collier.htm.

I would like to include this name Capac-cuna in the article, because it's probably the name the Incas used themself (instead of Inka). To make the article more complete. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.136.218.10 (talk) 09:08, 25 November 2010 (UTC)

Coca Leaf misinformation

I removed the bit about the Spaniards forcing the indigenous to become drug addicts ("When the Spaniards realized the effects of chewing the coca leaves, they took advantage of it. They forced the people of the Tawantinsuyo (Peru) to become addicted to it to avoid having to provide the usual amounts of food and rest while they were engaged in slave labour.") Not only is it unreferenced, this information is false. Although cocaine is addictive, I don't think the leaf is. It's still used today in the Andes for altitude sickness, etc. and is a pretty mild drug.) I have no idea if the Spaniards took advantage of it in another way, so I left that part for now. Editfromwithout (talk) 22:10, 10 August 2012 (UTC)

Erroneous statement about khipu in the population section

A passing familiarity with khipu and Andean ethnohistory will reveal the falsehood espoused in the Population section. Modern scholars have a decent understanding of khipu (see Gary Urton's work), and on top of that, kurakas in the colonial period used khipu as records in Spanish visitas-- not exactly "Spaniards destroying khipu." 67.171.139.225 (talk) 02:23, 6 May 2012 (UTC)

"Incan Calendar" Redirects here

Seeing as the redirect portion under the article title is the only portion of the article that says "calendar" this is not a suitable redirect for "Incan Calendar." 71.87.112.14 (talk) 18:45, 19 January 2011 (UTC)

split

the page splits suggested on the articles are into existing pages, so those would be merges instead of splits, but from my quick overview not all of the information belongs in the "civilization" page versus the "empire" page. Because of that I will remove the split tags from "Origin myths" and suggest that some of the content be moved into Inca mythology since that appears to be the right page. And also from the "Archaeology" section and move that into Inca civilization page. I will remove the tag, someone else will need to move the specific data and/or copy edit the destinations to include the appropriate information. Tiggerjay (talk) 07:54, 28 May 2011 (UTC)

Inca, arí; Incan, arí; Inka, manan

Just as a reminder, don't add WP:OR non-WP:ENGLISH unWP:COMMON names to the lede. Inka may very well be the modern orthography for the Quechua word that became the English "Inca", but the English is still "Inca". Since it's standard to use adjectives for empire names, "Incan" is another common one, hypercorrection or no.

• "inca empire" -wikipedia, 797k
• "incan empire" -wikipedia, 290k
• "inka empire" -wikipedia -"inka's empire" -"inka empire expeditions", 5.5k

The last ones are two local companies that employ the name. Even including those irrelevant pages only brings the total to ~50k. — LlywelynII 14:14, 7 October 2011 (UTC)

Hmmm... Might actually need to consider a page move. ""empire of the inca" -wikipedia" returns 1700k. Seems more awkward to me, but if it's the common name, then it is... Anybody wanna check over at books and scholar? — LlywelynII 14:17, 7 October 2011 (UTC)

Date Format

I noticed a couple of editors are not in agreement as to whether this article should use AD or CE to date the current era. According to Wikipedia's Manual of Style, the format within an article should be consistent and it should not be changed from one format to the other without consensus. Dave (djkernen)|Talk to me|Please help! 03:02, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

Religion

"Most Incas imagined the after world to be very similar to ours with flower covered fields and snow capped mountains"

Who does "our" refer to? Shouldnt the article be neutral and not aimed at a particular group? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.17.0.3 (talk) 10:59, 8 November 2011 (UTC)

Our refers to the physical world that we live in. The group is quite inclusive -- all living persons. But if the meaning is unclear then let's change it from "our world" to "the physical world". Dave (djkernen)|Talk to me|Please help! 17:34, 8 November 2011 (UTC)

Cheers, i believe it did need a little clairification as it could have implied anything the way it was worded. :) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.17.0.3 (talk) 13:42, 16 December 2011 (UTC)

political expansion and conquest resource

"Inca takeovers not usually hostile. Bloodless takeovers built ancient New World empire" by Bruce Bower November 19th, 2011; Vol.180 #11 (p. 16); excerpt ...

Few battle wounds appear on 454 adult skeletons from 11 sites located within 150 kilometers of the Inca capital, Andrushko and Torres report in the new study. These sites date to between 600 and 1532. The investigators looked for head injuries likely to have resulted from clubs, battle axes and other Inca weapons. Such wounds include radiating and concentric fracture lines due to forceful impact. Before the Inca came to power, from 600 to 1000, only one of 36 individuals in the sample suffered war-related head injuries. As the Inca empire grew from 1000 to 1400, five of 199 individuals, or 2.5 percent, living near Cuzco incurred likely battle wounds. During the Inca heyday, from 1400 to 1532, war injuries affected 17 of 219 individuals — 7.8 percent of the total. Despite an increased rate of serious head wounds after 1400, such injuries remained sporadic, Andrushko says, indicating that the Inca had a long history of nonviolent takeovers.

Researchers report in a paper published online September 30 in the American Journal of Physical Anthropology.

99.181.140.213 (talk) 04:28, 26 November 2011 (UTC)

This is such a gratuite conclusion to draw. Lack of head injuries could also mean that soldiers aimed to wound their opponent in the chest and that there were plenty of people killed that way in war. These data proves nothing.

Legend

Legend has it that the first discoverers of the Inca were from the Orient. When the last Inca died, the Orient cast a spell upon the guilty parties who had betrayed the First Peoples. The Orient began making plans to weed out the mutants. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 190.245.225.194 (talk) 17:36, 9 February 2012 (UTC)

Edit request on 31 March 2012

The administrative, political and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern-day Peru. The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in the early 13th century.

From 1438 to 1533, the Incas used a variety of methods, from conquest to peaceful assimilation, to incorporate a large portion of western South America, centered on the Andean mountain ranges, including, besides Peru, large parts of modern Ecuador, western and south central Bolivia, northwest Argentina, north and central Chile, and southern Colombia into a state comparable to the historical empires of Eurasia.

Pachacuti sent spies to regions he wanted in his empire; they brought reports on the political organization, military might and wealth. He would then send messages to the leaders of these lands extolling the benefits of joining his empire, offering them presents of luxury goods such as high quality textiles, and promising that they would be materially richer as subject rulers of the Inca.

However, most of the southern portion of the Inca empire, the portion denominated as Qullasuyu, was located in the Altiplano.

The Spaniards used the Inca mita (mandatory public service) system to literally work the people to death. One member of each family was forced to work in the gold and silver mines, the foremost of which was the titanic silver mine at Potosí. When a family member died, which would usually happen within a year or two, the family would be required to send a replacement.

The effects of smallpox on the Inca empire were even more devastating. Beginning in Colombia, smallpox spread rapidly before the Spanish invaders first arrived in the empire. The spread was probably aided by the efficient Inca road system. Within a few years smallpox claimed 90% of the Inca population,

However, Pukina ceased to be used in the 19th century. Under this proposed idea, the root meaning of Quechua was "taken by force, stolen" and a Dominican monk (Pedro Aparicio) mistakenly taught that the Peruvians referred to themselves as Quechuas when it was actually the actions of the Spaniards the people were referring to.

The Roman Catholic Church employed Quechua-Qhapaq Runasimi to evangelize in the Andean region. In some cases, these languages were taught to people who had originally spoken other indigenous languages. Today, Quechua-Qhapaq Runasimi and Aymara remain the most widespread Amerindian languages.

Each province had a governor who oversaw local officials, who in turn supervised agriculturally productive river valleys, cities and mines. There were separate chains of command for both the military and religious institutions, which created a system of partial checks and balances on power.

The main legislator on Inca traditions was Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui who established numerous laws, and reformed old ones .

After, there were craftsmen and architects, they were very high on the social ladder because of the skill that they had was required by the Empire for such buildings. then came the working class, often just farmers that were kept in their social groupings. After this, were the slaves and peasants of the society.

The Incas revered the coca plant as being sacred or magical. Its leaves were used in moderate amounts to lessen hunger and pain during work, but were mostly used for religious and health purposes.

The Chasqui (messengers) chewed coca leaves for extra energy to carry on their tasks as runners delivering messages throughout the empire. The coca leaf was also used during surgeries as an anaesthetic.

HstoutNH (talk) 17:24, 31 March 2012 (UTC)

Not done: Please be specific about what you are changing. Thanks, Celestra (talk) 22:45, 31 March 2012 (UTC)

I believe it's a request to replace many -cn- tags with individual references. 66.87.2.7 (talk) 03:48, 1 April 2012 (UTC)

References

Edit request on 7 April 2012

The statements; "The Inca referred to their empire as Tawantinsuyu, "four parts together."[7] In Quechua the term Tawantin is a group of four things (tawa "four" with the suffix -ntin which names a group)."

(tawa "four" with the suffix -ntin which names a group) The Quechua infix -ntin is an inclusive affixation it can be used within a word or on the end of a word, please see the following, "Inclusive;-ntin, derivational suffix", it does not specifically denote a group, but is used as a general inclusive as in the following, "Tuta -ntin llamka -rqa -nku." or in English "They worked all night."

"The Inca Empire was a federalist system which consisted of a central government with the Inca at its head and four provinces: Chinchay Suyu (NW), Anti Suyu (NE), Kunti Suyu (SW), and Qulla Suyu (SE)."

The spelling of the provinces should be as follows Chinchaysuyu(NW), Antisuyu (NE), Contisuyu (SW), and Qollasuyu (SE) as it is with Tawantinsuyu.

Quechua is largely agglutinative, suffixes are to indicate tense, time, space, ownership, ex/inclusive, etc.

"The most powerful figure in the empire was the Sapa Inca ('the unique Inca'). Only descendants of the original Inca tribe ascended to the level of Inca. Most young members of the Inca's family attended Yachay Wasis (houses of knowledge) to obtain their education."

The Quechua word "Yachay Wasis" Wasis is incorrectly spelled, it should be Wasikuna, the suffix -s is hispanized pluralization, whereas -kuna is the correct Quechua pluralization.

http://personalpages.manchester.ac.uk/staff/martina.t.faller/documents/Thesis-A4.pdf

I have been studying Quechua for the past 2 years and my better half is a native speaker, we are writing a book on Quechua suffix usages, it should be ready next year. You will find the above link helpful, It was the easiest example to use without wading through allot of academic pages to finally get to what was needed.

Thanks, Cheryl D. Millard (talk) 20:39, 7 April 2012 (UTC)

 Not done Please draft a complete sentence or paragraph, exactly as you would like to appear in the article. Pol430 talk to me 22:14, 8 April 2012 (UTC)

Edit request 12 April 2012 - fix broken wikilink

In the See Also section, please change one wikilink from [[Smallpox#The Americas|Smallpox Epidemics in the New World]] to [[History of smallpox#Epidemics in the Americas|Smallpox Epidemics in the New World]]. Thank you 66.87.7.189 (talk) 03:46, 12 April 2012 (UTC)

Done. Dger (talk) 18:28, 15 April 2012 (UTC)

Proposal to Change Structure of Page

I just added a lot of information (don't worry, it's all cited from academic sources!). It seems to me that the Society section should be broken up into Society and Government. I propose that Society include Population; Language; Religion (subset of deities); Economy; and Social Structure. I propose that Government include Organization of the Empire; Laws; Philosophy and Ideology; and a new subsection: Administration. Whaddya think? Dan Cottrell (talk) 22:55, 17 May 2012 (UTC)

Edit request on 1 October 2012

WkiDingo (talk) 02:17, 1 October 2012 (UTC)

Colombia the country is spelled with two o's Colombia the city in Maryland in spelled in a "u". Even in english Colombia is with two "o's" this is a common mistake.

No, the Pre-Columbian era refers to the time befor Columbus and not to the country Colombia. Vsmith (talk) 02:28, 1 October 2012 (UTC)

Sources on "Archaeology" section and Incas' stature

The section called "Archaeology" doesn't seem to have anything related to "Inca Archeology" itself. It mentions populations statures too, but it cites no sources and there's something strange about it because:

- The Spanish never mentioned anything particular about average Incas' height in any chronicle. Had it been noticeably smaller than theirs, it would have been mentioned by detailed chroniclers such as Perdo Cieza de León or Martín de Murúa. - In an area so diverse geographically and socially, it would be very difficult to have any average height at all. The life conditions were very varied depending on location, altitude, terrain, culture, genes (there were many different and varied ethnic groups under the Incas' rule), social condition, and so on. - As far as I know, there's no study that gives any specific measure. There are only a few studies done on specific archaeological findings, and the heights measured are too few and too varied and with too big time spans to give any generalizable data.

Aside from that, during the Inca Empire there wasn't any medical study so advanced that it could have measure the data presented here (about the blood and lung capacity). While this data may be interesting, it sounds more like modern data, and even then it has no sources. Any study relate to this would be interesting in any present-day population and even better if there were also pre-Columbian forensic studies too. But it's doubtful that the last one has been done as of yet and sources should be required in either case. Otherwise this section should be removed and if that's done, I'd suggest to place the important archaeological sites in the Inca Architecture page or in the Monumental Architecture section.— Preceding unsigned comment added by 190.237.238.5 (talk) 11:08, 4 March 2013 (UTC)

A useful source?

Would the below four volume set be a useful resource to include in either the external links section or the further reading section?

• Ancient Peruvian art: contributions to the archaeology of the empire of the Incas, a four volume work from 1902 (fully available online as PDF)

I'm not familiar enough with the subject matter to know whether this is still a relevant work.WilliamDigiCol (talk) 18:56, 7 August 2013 (UTC)

Inaccurate portrayal of Atahualpa's execution

In the section "Inca Civil War and Spanish Conquest", the last two paragraphs are very misleading and more or less inaccurate. While I understand that Spanish atrocities were flagrant with respect to the natives, as the Spanish priest de Las Casas noted, there's no need to overplay the vilification.

My problem is that the end of the section seems to imply this peaceful interchange turned afoul by a bloodthirsty Pizarro. That's not really what happened. Juan de Betanzos relates that, under the leadership of his captains, the drunk Atahualpa advanced in warlike formation with his warriors. When the exchange between de Valverde the priest and Atahualpa happened, yes there was a language barrier problem, but from what de Betanzos relates, Atahualpa threw away the Bible, having said he also was a son of the Sun, after which the priest went to Pizarro, and saying something, caused Pizarro to attack.

The reason for Pizarro's execution of Atahualpa, also, is very different, though probably de Betanzos has used an account that made Pizarro look more favorable than the reality. What de Betanzos relates is that one of his Indian interpreters raped Atahualpa's wife, and having been caught by Atahualpa, who said nothing to anyone about it, decided to get him killed so he could have that wife. He told some of his people from his tribe to go about 5 miles from Cajamarca, where the Spanish and Atahualpa were at, and raise fires and trample the ground like the warriors. He then told Pizarro Atahualpa was preparing to attack them. The other Indian interpreter of Pizarro's and others told him this was a lie. However, Almagro, who despised Atahualpa, started basically backing up the idea of executing him. Also, the treasurer told Pizarro that if there was an attack and the king's gold was lost, the royal fifth was gonna come out of his pocket. A Spaniard told Pizarro he would investigate the supposed warriors, but before he came back, Pizarro was persuaded, so says de Betanzos, to execute Atahualpa. Moreover, Atahualpa requested from Pizarro that his soldiers don't damage or make any changes to the golden and silver vessels that he filled the room with, which de Betanzos speculates, reflected the fact that Atahualpa was planning to unleash a massive war when released and to recover the vessels - not an unreasonable supposition at all. Some unhistorical bias in de Betanzos' account - probably. A more accurate picture than the two paragraphs in the article - definitely. Cornelius (talk) 01:30, 5 November 2013 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 10 March 2014

please can i edit this page i see tons of mistakes Hklavaman (talk) 01:58, 10 March 2014 (UTC)

Not done: requests for decreases to the page protection level should be directed to the protecting admin or to Wikipedia:Requests for page protection if the protecting admin is not active or has declined the request. — {{U|Technical 13}} ^{(t • e • c)} 02:11, 10 March 2014 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 11 April 2014

I would like to edit a few words from the Inca Communication and Medicine section because some words are misspelled. Redakai74 (talk) 12:57, 11 April 2014 (UTC)

Not done: requests for decreases to the page protection level should be directed to the protecting admin or to Wikipedia:Requests for page protection if the protecting admin is not active or has declined the request.
If you want to suggest a change, please request this in the form "Please replace XXX with YYY" or "Please add ZZZ between PPP and QQQ".
Please also cite reliable sources to back up your request, without which no information should be added to any article. - Arjayay (talk) 13:07, 11 April 2014 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 18 June 2014

58.108.194.36 (talk) 03:32, 18 June 2014 (UTC) YOLO

Not done: as you have not requested a change.
If you want to suggest a change, please request this in the form "Please replace XXX with YYY" or "Please add ZZZ between PPP and QQQ".
Please also cite reliable sources to back up your request, without which no information should be added to any article. - Arjayay (talk) 07:46, 19 June 2014 (UTC)

Origin section, what?

The origin section has no context. It starts out with what seems to be an origin legend, but the reader cannot be sure. It leaves out a lot of detail and has no progressive explanation, interpretation or whether the legend is considered actual history or only myth. 76.126.138.121 (talk) 05:49, 6 July 2014 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 16 July 2014

The name is spelled Tahuantinsuyo, and it came into existence only 100 years before Spanish arrival. Quechua was an analphabet language that did not originate in Cuzco. The Inca royalty spoke a different language, which no longer exists. 199.167.100.242 (talk) 18:10, 16 July 2014 (UTC)

Not done: as you have not cited reliable sources to back up your request, without which no information should be added to any article. - Arjayay (talk) 18:32, 16 July 2014 (UTC)

Inca, Inka, Incan

The page is definitely at the right place but "Inka ~" does not deserve equal billing and "Incan ~" must be included in the lead as a very, very common alternative. (Feel free to caveat or explain why it's "wrong" in a name section or footnote, but it's still a major alternative name.) See ngram here and Google Scholar here, here, and here. — LlywelynII 09:45, 20 December 2014 (UTC)

References

[Although, note that talk pages should not be listing references like this. Use direct inline links or write out the refs in your comment instead.]

Link to Francisco Xerez

Where the article starts informing about what the Inca banner looked like, I saw a quoted historian, Francisco López de Xerez, who was used. However, the name is not linked to the article regarding the chronicler. Link to the article: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Xerez — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.8.63.199 (talk) 04:19, 30 March 2015 (UTC)

Inca Empire Origin

In the Inca Empire article, the section entitled "Origin" makes no mention of the actual (or archeologically substantiated theories concerning) origins of the Inca empire; just their genesis mythology form the oral tradition, which is reported as though it was fact. The section should be re-titled, and an actual origin summary should go in its place. Admittedly the section as it stands mentions a magic staff, but it could nevertheless be misleading. In a factual article such as this one any mythologies should be clearly labelled as such and not put in place of the truth, such as it is known.— Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.139.115.212 (talk • contribs) 21:47, 20 October 2015 (UTC)‎

Descendants

Are they any modern ethnic group that can be considered as ethnically Incan people? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 202.9.40.221 (talk) 08:17, 19 November 2015 (UTC)

Some of the native people of Peru are likely descendants of Inca people. They still speak the Inca language Quechua in the Andes. Dger (talk) 17:27, 11 December 2015 (UTC)

Here are some interesting articles that talk about the living descendants of the Inca royalty, it is in Spanish, though. http://elcomercio.pe/peru/lima/nobleza-inca-siglo-xxi-familias-herederas-linaje-ancestral-noticia-1475818 http://elcomercio.e3.pe/66/doc/0/0/5/1/8/518392.pdf http://elcomercio.e3.pe/66/doc/0/0/5/1/8/518391.pdf http://elcomercio.e3.pe/66/doc/0/0/5/1/8/518390.pdf — Preceding unsigned comment added by Hstory31 (talk • contribs) 18:25, 30 April 2016 (UTC)

The problem with ama sua ama llulla ama quella

Is know by the peruvian historians, like Juan José Vega, that the incas didn't used those principles, but rather were invented in the spanish colonial period and were popularized by Guillermo Miller (William Miller), Clements Markham and Haya de la Torre in the republic.

"We always suspected that the "Ama sua ..." corresponded to the official story than for the Incas created the romantic indigenism; if it was treated as a legal code it should have been mentioned by the chroniclers of the sixteenth century. For it is not. It not even recorded in the books of those born in Peru, the quechuas Guaman Poma and Sta. Cruz Pachacuti Yamqui; or those created by the mestizos Garcilaso and Blas Valera. Nor is there any trace in the Spanish chronicles, numbering more than a hundred."

References

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Why doubt metals?

Why is everywhere that metals are mentioned a "citation needed" tag added? To start with Incas were famous for their gold and silver. As it respects bronze and copper, the physical and photographical evidence of such axes exists even today and is readily accesible, so any link should be anough to get rid of the incessant "cirtation needed" tags as if such was an obscure and not easily decided bit of information. Inca bronze: http://incas.homestead.com/inca_metallurgy_copper.html Incan pre-columbian battle axes being sold today: https://m.liveauctioneers.com/item/23106887_pre-columbian-inca-copper-war-axe https://new.liveauctioneers.com/item/25517066

So please, someone change that.--181.117.2.196 (talk) 05:07, 15 November 2016 (UTC)

I'm not sure if those references are necessarily reliable sources for Inca weapons. However, it is strange to think that they crafted things from gold and silver but there is nothing definite about military uses of metals, especially weapons. Are there just no good sources on the smelting and metal works that the Inca did? - Bmdv23 (talk) 17:32, 22 September 2017 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 19 November 2016

I suggest adding Guns,Germs, and Steel: The fates of human societies by Jared Diamond, pp. 74-75 as a source for the following statements made under the section heading: Weaponry.

• "The Incas had no iron or steel and their weapons"
• "Bronze"
• "Stone or Copper."

This source does not address the equivalency of the Inca weapons to those used by other native populations, although it does support the fact that the weaponry of the Incas was grossly inferior to that of the Spaniards. It also fails to say which specific weapons were made out of bronze, stone, or copper; it just supports that they had weaponry made from these materials.

Katmaloo (talk) 14:12, 19 November 2016 (UTC)

Done  ^B E _C K ^Y _S A ^{Y L} E _S  15:32, 29 December 2016 (UTC)

I'm not sure however that the book is a reliable source. As I recall, its accuracy has been questioned at least for some subjects. Doug Weller talk 15:38, 29 December 2016 (UTC)

Undone: This request has been undone.  ^B E _C K ^Y _S A ^{Y L} E _S  21:08, 29 December 2016 (UTC)

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How much of this was added in 18 February 2003 as an 8th grade project?

A one-off IP edit with a note saying "This information was part of a project I had to do in Grade 8. Do NOT copy the project totally as it is because your teacher will know - all teachers know about this article. Feel free, of course, to use the information how you wish. If you find any information that is not in this article, PLEASE add it to the appropriate place I am sure a lot of people would be better off with it :)"[2] I'll try to check tomorrow, but it should probably all be removed. I'm concerned that some of this has found its way into books, websites, etc. Doug Weller talk 18:35, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

Section Titled "People"

Under the section titled "People", the first paragraph talks shortly about the origins and physical traits of the Inca people. However, none of this references a citation. In the second sentence, it says that the Incas probably began as nomadic people. With no references, this brings doubt as to if this information is trustworthy. I also think the section titled "People" is misleading (when I think about the "people" of an ancient society, I think about their culture, society, and everyday life, which were covered in earlier sections). Should this be updated to a different title, i.e. "Origins of the Inca People" or "Traits of the Inca People"? Or separated out into two sections? The second paragraph in this also seems to only vaguely go along with the section. It first talks about where their homes were found, then an ancient capital, and previous cultural impaction. This all could be added upon or revised to better tie together the "People" of the Inca EmpireHemnq9 (talk) 22:20, 22 September 2017 (UTC)

Sorry, [[User:Hemnq9|Hemnq9], this has been on my list of things to reply to but I forgot. It seems to duplicate material already in the main history section. I suggest merging anything that can be verified or isn't contentious into the appropriate subsections there. Doug Weller talk 16:06, 25 September 2017 (UTC)

I retitled and deleted most of this section because it is repetitive or possibly false. For example, The short stature of the highland people of Peru today is probably due more to hundreds of years of poor nutrition than it is to living at altitude. I could be wrong, but I'll need to see a reliable reference to be persuaded.

I'll reference what is left and re-write it as necessary. What remains might be merged into the history section, although this is an interesting titbit that might deserve a bit of spotlight on its own. [[User:Smallchief|Smallchief]] ([[User talk:Smallchief|talk]] (talk) 10:11, 29 September 2017 (UTC)

Monumental architecture building process

At the section Monumental Architecture, the article says: "The rocks were sculpted to fit together exactly by repeatedly lowering a rock onto another and carving away any sections on the lower rock where the dust was compressed." This claim, presented as fact, comes without any reference whatsoever. Given the size of the rocks, that process sounds quite tedious. The following science article (Digital Inca: An Assembly Method for Free-Form Geometries):

coming from MIT and University of Michigan presents a very well documented process, quite different, and very easy to implement.

Vincent Lextrait (talk) 23:07, 29 September 2017 (UTC)

References

Proposed Edits

I propose to start the introduction of the article more cohesive with a greater background in the Inca empire to have a good backdrop for the information on their education system. I plan to add specific people that contributed to the education and benefited from the education. I would try to input more information on the quipos the Inca used and talk about the education needed to use them.

Bibliography 1. Luxton, Richard N. "THE INCA QUIPUS AND GUAMAN POMA DE AY ALA's "FIRST NEW CHRONICLE AND GOOD GOVERNMENT"." Ibero-amerikanisches Archiv, Neue Folge, 5, no. 4 (1979): 315-41. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43392272.

2. Rowe, John H. "Inca policies and institutions relating to the cultural unification of the empire." The Inca and Aztec States 1400, no. 1800 (1982): 93-118.

3. Latin America and Its People: Volume 1 to 1830 Cheryle Martin Mark Wsserman

4.Readings on Latin America and its People: volume 1 to 1830 Cheryle E. Martin Mark Wasserman

5.LaLone, Darrell. Ethnohistory 45, no. 3 (1998): 602-04. doi:10.2307/483336.

6. KUENZLI, E. GABRIELLE. "INCANTATIONS OF NATION AND THE THEATRICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE INCA PAST." In Acting Inca: National Belonging in Early Twentieth-Century Bolivia, 86-120. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2013. doi:10.2307/j.ctt9qh7cn.7.

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Proposed edit 2/14/18

There's a sentence about chuño (and a few other sentences about food) in the antecedents section that seems out of place, particularly as most of the rest of the section focuses on the people coming before the Incas. In fact, the whole paragraph about Troll and his findings seems ill-placed, and should probably go to a different section, if kept at all. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Gsakoda (talk • contribs) 07:34, 15 February 2018 (UTC)

Society: Gender

Hi everyone! I am editing this page in the Society section (specifically the 'Gender' section) to include more detail about the gender roles within the Inca society. Furthermore, the gender section will also include more detail about how the gender terms are determined. Jemason22 (talk) 15:37, 25 July 2018 (UTC)

Copyediting "Age and Gender" Section

Some of the grammar in this section is unidiomatic English, and there needs to be consistent use of either double or single quotation marks. Based on other sections, it seems that double quotation marks should be easier to apply.

Otherwise, the section is well-referenced and detailed. Matuko (talk) 13:32, 6 July 2019 (UTC)

Discussion related to Inca Empire#Etymology

FYI about a discussion at the help desk related to Inca Empire#Etymology. TimTempleton ^{(talk) (cont)} 17:36, 10 September 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 16 September 2019

Although I'm not quite sure, I'm pretty certain that "chichi" in the #Gender roles section is a mistake and should read "chicha" instead. 77.13.153.110 (talk) 19:10, 16 September 2019 (UTC)

 Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. —KuyaBriBri^Talk 22:27, 16 September 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 20 November 2019

The Inca's used Coca plants in their everyday life. This resulted in the use of cocaine. They were first used 7 thousand years ago and the Inca's used the liquid from the leaves to aid them in performing surgeries. During the Spanish conquest, the natives working chewed the leaves to relieve any pain they had. Cammiewelton (talk) 00:24, 21 November 2019 (UTC)

 Not done. It's not clear what changes you want to make. Please make a precise request and provide reliable sources as appropriate. (Also, The plural of Inca is Incas, not Inca's). –Deacon Vorbis (carbon • videos) 00:39, 21 November 2019 (UTC)

Large portion in Chile???

The incas only had the central north Chile, wich is only less than half of the country, and it was brief,change it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 181.161.127.239 (talk) 04:02, 15 December 2019 (UTC)

That claim is linked to the article Incas in Central Chile. Maybe have a look at that and tell us where the error is. I'm wondering if we are just having a disagreement over what "a large portion" is. HiLo48 (talk) 04:12, 15 December 2019 (UTC)

War

The inca would ask tribes to join them but if they didn't the inca would conquer them. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.243.232.230 (talk) 21:51, 18 December 2020 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion

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Semi-protected edit request on 2 March 2021

The Incas, an American Indian people, were originally a small tribe in the southern highlands of Peru. In less than a century, during the 1400s, they built one of the largest, most tightly controlled empires the world has ever known. Their skill in government was matched by their feats of engineering. 2600:1700:9790:2670:1806:A29E:8FB0:DFBB (talk) 16:24, 2 March 2021 (UTC)

 Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. —KuyaBriBri^Talk 16:56, 2 March 2021 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 14 March 2021

Add citation 31 after "Its last stronghold was conquered by the Spanish in 1572" located in the lead section. Though this information is cited in the section of the article specifically talking about it, this information is presented but goes uncited in the lead section. AndeanDragon (talk) 23:19, 14 March 2021 (UTC)

 Not done. See WP:LEADCITE. Generally, uncontroversial information does not require a citation if a citation is found in the body. I doubt anyone is going to question that the Neo-Inca State fell in 1572. ◢  Ganbaruby!  (Say hi!) 00:15, 15 March 2021 (UTC)

Grammar mistake in opening sentence

The second "know" in the opening sentence should be "known" --2003:C1:1F37:F101:2597:58B8:AB8D:49C (talk) 16:02, 10 September 2021 (UTC)

Changed it. Thanks. But you could change it yourself, you know.Smallchief (talk) 17:58, 10 September 2021 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion

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History

Give an account of the inca civilization 2409:4066:E8B:DEA4:641F:FE90:8471:6B78 (talk) 01:30, 25 November 2021 (UTC)

Nicki Minaj

Nicki Minaj is the queen of rap That was too good let’s get the bill pur 98.25.97.153 (talk) 17:21, 21 January 2022 (UTC)

""Taxes""

In the opening section, why is the word "taxes" in quotes? Are they meant to suggest that labor obligations to the state do not constitute taxes? Seems off both tonally and substantively--207.237.76.57 (talk) 01:06, 13 May 2022 (UTC)

Rainbow flag..?

Is the flag of the Kingdom of Cusco REALLY a modern-style rainbow flag like in the infobox..?

I know nothing about Inca history, I'm just linksurfing history and thought it might be a prank.

Was that really their flag?

(page version here if they fix it https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Inca_Empire&oldid=1091452190 ) Tabbycatlove (talk) 16:23, 25 June 2022 (UTC)

Good catch! The flag is a modern day creation which honors the Incas, but was not used by them. I deleted it from the article. Smallchief (talk) 20:40, 25 June 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Research, Writing, and the Production of Knowledge

This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 13 June 2022 and 6 August 2022. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Jswikis (article contribs).

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Move discussion in progress

There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Incan engineers which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 09:46, 23 April 2023 (UTC)

Where's the flag from?

The flag/banner used has no sources whatsoever. Sci Show With Moh (talk) 02:55, 5 October 2023 (UTC)

Economy

Can I change the lede, by removing the paragraphe about the economy? There is currently a consensus of researchers saying it was feudal and reciprocity based (general consensus. Its the inca empire, there isn't even a true consensus on the historicity of it's history. By general vague consensus, I mean a majority, sort of, of ethnohistorians). I don't think the paper of an economist, as weird as that sounds, can really be used for Andean history. Rather that of an Andean ethno-historian, who is also an economist, would be optimal. The interpretation of the Inca empire being esclavagistic or socialist is long gone (in most historian's eyes. No matter how respected the contradictor, there is a vague consensus. It's Andean history after all, of course some people stand out, tho most won't call it a slave or socialist state. The paper in question wasn't focused around the economy itself but around the debates on it, that's not really the same thing, sadly... The 'debates' by peruvian politicians are largely considered bullocks by scholars in the area, from the defenders of an 'egalitarian' Empire to Mario Vargas Llosa, that's not the type of 'debates' important to this article). Encyclopédisme (talk) 19:15, 18 February 2024 (UTC)

And the paper is dated, 1982, things have evolved from there. Encyclopédisme (talk) 19:19, 18 February 2024 (UTC)