This is a sandpit for developing sections of the Falkland Islands article.
Politics and government
editThe islands are a British Overseas Territory which, under the 2009 Constitution enjoys a large degree of internal self government the United Kingdom guaranteeing good government and taking responsibility for defence, foreign affairs.[1][2]
Arms of Government
editExecutive authority is vested in the Queen and is exercised by the Governor on her behalf. The Governor is also responsible for the administration of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, as these islands have no native inhabitants. The governor acts on the advice of the Executive Council comprised of himself as chairman, the Chief Executive, Financial Secretary and three elected Legislative Assembly Members.[2] The current Governor Nigel Haywood took office in October 2010.[3]
The Legislative Assembly consists of the Chief Executive, Financial Secretary and the eight members elected for four-year terms by universal suffrage, of whom five are from Stanley and three from Camp.[2] It is presided over by the Speaker, currently Keith Biles.
Justice is administered by a resident senior magistrate and a non-resident Chief Justice of the Islands who visits the islands at least once a year. The senior magistrate handles petty criminal cases, civil, commercial, admiralty and family cases and is also the island's coroner. The chief justice handles serious criminal cases and hears appeals.[4] The constitution bind the judiciary to comply with decision of the European Court of Human Rights.[2]
Military
edit
Although the British military garrison stationed on the Falkland Islands, the islands have a company sized light infantry unit (FIDF) that is completely funded by the Falklands government (£400,000 in 2009).[5] The unit is trained under a secondment arrangement with MOD - as of 2010 the FIDF employed a Royal Marine WO2 as a permanent staff instructor and a major as commanding officer; the rest of the force are part-timers. It is equipped with quad bikes, inflatable boats and Land Rovers and is armed with heavy machineguns, grenade launchers and sniper rifles. In addition to defence duties, force provides a mountain rescue service and has been trained by the Royal Navy in mounting armed deterrence against illegal fishing activity.[6][5]
Education
editEducation follows the English system and is compulsory and free between five and sixteen - the number of school-age children on the islands (excluding families of military personel) numbering 377.[7] Primary education is available at Stanley where there are boarding facilities, at RAF Mount Pleasant for children of service personnel and at a number of rural settlements where remote learning is supported by the Stanley based Camp Education Unit. The Islands' only secondary school is in Stanley and offers boarding facilities and 12 subjects to GCSE level. After 16, suitably qualified students may study at two colleges in England for their A-levels or for vocational qualifications. The government pays for older students to attend higher education, usually in the UK.[8]
Medical care
editThe Falkland Islands Government Health and Social Services Department provides medical and dental care for the islands.[9] The King Edward VII Memorial Hospital (KEMH), completed in 1987, is Stanley's only hospital. It is run jointly by the Falkland Islands Government and the UK Ministry of Defence.[10] Specialist medical care is provided by visiting ophthalmologists, gynaecologists, ENT surgeons, orthopaedic surgeons, oral surgeons and psychiatrists from the United Kingdom. Patients needing emergency treatment are air-lifted to the United Kingdom or to Santiago (Chile).[9][11]
References
edit- ^ "New Year begins with a new Constitution for the Falklands". Merco Press. 1 Janaury 2009. Retrieved 14 March 2011Links to the text of the constitution.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ a b c d "The Falkland Islands Constitution Order 2008" (PDF). The Queen in Council. 5 November 2008. Retrieved 16 March 2011.
- ^ Lisa Watson (1 September 2009). "British consul in Basra next Falkland Islands governor". Merco Press. Retrieved 2011-03-18.
- ^ "Government". Falkland Islands Government. Retrieved 14 March 2011.
- ^ a b "Falklands Defence Force better equipped than ever, says commanding officer". The Times. 6 March 2010. Retrieved 2011-03-18.
{{cite news}}: Unknown parameter|authopr=ignored (help) - ^ Peter Biggs (November 2004). "Falkland Islands Defence Force: 150 years of Voluntary Service". Falklands Info. Retrieved 2011-03-18.
- ^ "Falkland Islands Census Statistics 2006" (PDF). Falkland Islands Government. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
- ^ "Education". Falkland Islands Government. Retrieved 16 March 2011.
- ^ a b "Health Services". Falkland Islands Government. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
- ^ "United Kingdom - Falkland Islands". Commonwealth Secretariat. 2011. Retrieved 2011-03-18.
- ^ "Travel & living abroad - South America and South Atlantic Islands - Falkland Islands (British Overseas Territory)". Foreign & Commonwealth Office. 18 March 2010. Retrieved 24 May 2010.