Talk:Eleocharis dulcis
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Fasciolopsis
editI have removed the reference to Fasciolopsiasis out of suspicion that it came from a confusion of this plant with Trapa natans. No reference was provided and I was unable to find one (although I did not look spend much time looking). — Pekinensis 15:15, 7 September 2005 (UTC)
- found in german book: Parasitologie - Mit besonderer Berücksichtigung humanpathogener Formen, Johannes Dönges, 2. ü.u.e. Aufl. 1988, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart-N.Y. ISBN 3135799026
- there with synonyme E. tuberosa, called Water-onion and also trapa natans!
- Best read about the parasite Fasciolopsis buski, (Riesendarmegel), seems logic. greetings m.
Excellent. I agree that it seems logical, with the pigs and the freshwater plants mentioned in the parasite article, but I wanted to be cautious because of the frequent name confusion. Thank you for the reference.
I will also add a redirect from "water-onion".
Thanks — Pekinensis 01:39, 13 September 2005 (UTC)
- more refs
- greetings m.--217.251.133.191 09:59, 13 September 2005 (UTC)
Does this article need any other pictures? I have some of cut in half water chestnuts, and also a sprouting one. I think it might be worth adding in that they are grown in more places than just China and the Phillipines in Eastern Asia, they are also grown on a small scale in Australia and US. Terri G 19:24, 20 April 2006 (UTC)
page defaced
editRemoved swamp monkey/river gooch diet silliness.
If someone is allergic to nuts, would he or she also be allergic to water chestnuts?
Curious Jen
- Probably not, they're a completely different part of the plant kingdom. Terri G 19:18, 22 March 2007 (UTC)
- Water Chestnuts are not nuts at all, but rather root vegetables, like potatoes or carrots. --98.177.196.2 (talk) 20:38, 6 May 2012 (UTC)
Bite-sized
editI understand they're used in an hors d'oeuvre. Anybody know which one? TREKphiler hit me ♠ 22:34, 30 July 2008 (UTC)
Nutritional values
editI would be interested in seeing a nutritional breakdown and details of compounds found in the water chestnut. 89.240.7.86 (talk) 21:20, 31 January 2010 (UTC)
Would like to see a culinary section added to Chinese water chestnut.
editAgronomic properties
editWe (Uz003 & Chcrop) would like to add a new section about agronomic properties plus add a few more general properties in the introductory text. Chcrop (talk) 12:55, 30 November 2016 (UTC)
Cutivation
editThe crop can be cultivated in paddies (2-7.5m wide by up to 100m long to allow for mechanization)[1] or in a hydroponic culture.[2] As it is an aquatic plant, it should always be submerged in approx. 10cm of water.[3] The crop needs continuously high soil temperatures, ideally 14-15.5°C (6). At 13.6°C, the corms begin to sprout.[1] Soil is ideally a sandy loam with pH 6.5 to 7.2.[4] The plant produces two types of subterranean rhizomes. Under long-daylength conditions, rhizomes grow horizontally and then turn upwards forming daughter plants. Under short-daylength conditions, the rhizomes grow downward and produce a corm at the tip.[3][1] The photoperiod also significantly influences how fast the corms grow. Corms begin to develop much more slowly if the photoperiod exceeds 12 hours.[5] The corms are also the propagating material.[1] Alternatively, transplants can be used.[2] Machinery such as tractor-mounted vegetable planters can be used for plantation.[1]
Plant nutrition
editNitrogen addition is beneficial for corm production, applying a dose before planting and another dose when corms begin to enlarge.[1] To further improve nutrient levels, Potassium and Phosphorous mineral fertilizers can be used before planting, where the N:P:K uptake ratio is 1.00:0.50:1.75.[1] Also organic mulch, especially mushroom compost, shows good results.[1]
Harvest
editOnce the corms turn dark brown, they should be harvested.[1] If left in the soil after this point in time, corms will get sweeter, however shelf life will decline.[1] The corms can be harvested using a modified gladioli corm harvester once the paddy is drained.[2] Alternatively, a "water-suction harvester" can be used without the need to drain the paddy.[1] The corms have to be washed after harvest and brushed once they are dry.[2]
Yield
editThe per plant yield was described at 2.3kg/season (fresh matter).[6] In China, yields are reported between 20-40t/ha[3], while in the United States a range between 47-85t/ha has been mentioned.[6]
Storage
editThe harvested corms are best stored at 4°C. At this temperature, transpiration and thus weight loss are minimized.[1] This will also delay sprouting and minimize deterioration resulting from small injuries.[1] Corms should not be stored at temperatures above 13.6°C as otherwise the corms will begin to sprout.[1] If the corms need to be stored longer term, they can also be kept in a solution of 1000 ppm sodium hypochlorite.[7]
Pests
editChinese water chestnut ist usually not very prone to pests[2], nevertheless some animals and fungi may attack the plant: Water fowl may damage the stems and corms, especially when plants are young.[1] Similarly, rodents and grazing animals pose a threat to the Chinese water chestnut, which may be discouraged by keeping the paddy inundated.[1] Fly larvae (Trichoptera sp.) and other leaf-eating caterpillars also feed on the stems. However, unless complete defoliation below the waterline occurs, the plants can normally tolerate this damage.[1] Plant hoppers (Fulgoridae) and scale insects feed on plant sap and may cause subsequent death.[1] Other pests represent nematodes Ditylenchus spp. and Dolichodorus heterocephalus.[3] Fungal species can also attack the Chinese water chestnut. In warmer climates, a rust is caused by uromyces[1] and Cylindrosporium eleocharidis is causing stem blight.[8]
(To be included in introduction)
editThe corms contain the antibiotic agent puchiin[3][9], which is stable to high temperature.[10]
Apart from the edible corms, the leaves can be used for cattlefeed, mulch or compost.[6]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Kleinhenz, Volker; Lodge, Geoff; Midmore, David (2001). "A Grower's Guide to Cultivating Chinese Waterchestnut in Australia". Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e "Chinese water chestnuts in Western Australia". Department of Agriculture and Food. Retrieved 16 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e Kay, Daisy E.; Gooding, E. G. B. (1987). Crop and Product Digest N°2 - Root Crops, 2nd Edition. London: Trop.Dev. Res. Inst.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^ "Waterchestnuts Growing Information". greenharvest.com.au/. greenharvest.com.au/. Retrieved 16 November 2016.
- ^ Li, Mei; Kleinhenz, V.; Lyall, T.; Midmore, D.J. (7 November 2015). "Response of Chinese water chestnut ( (Burm. f.) Hensch) to photoperiod". The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology. 75 (1): 72–78. doi:10.1080/14620316.2000.11511203.
- ^ a b c Morton, J.F.; Sanchez, C.A.; Snyder, G.H. (1988). "Chinese waterchestnut in florida - past, present, and future" (PDF). Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc (101): 139–144. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
- ^ Kanes, C.A.; Vines, H.M. (June 1977). "STORAGE CONDITIONS FOR CHINESE WATER CHESTNUTS, ELEOCHARIS DULCIS (BURM F.) TRIN". Acta Horticulturae (62): 151–160. doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.1977.62.15.
- ^ Pandey, A.K. (2011). Aquatic vegetables (1st ed. ed.). Udaipur: Agrotech Pub. Academy. ISBN 9788183211970.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help) - ^ Hodge, W. H. (January 1956). "Chinese water chestnut or matai—A Paddy Crop of China". Economic Botany. 10 (1): 49–65. doi:10.1007/BF02985317.
- ^ Hao, Shu-xian; Liu, Xin; Zhao, Li-chao; Chen, Yong-quan (2005). "Study on the Effects of Puchiin Extract Antimicrobial Roperties". Food Science.
End of new section agronomic properties. Chcrop (talk) 12:55, 30 November 2016 (UTC)
Plant Properties
editIs it an annual or perennial in the wild? Or, if neither, how long does the plant live? What is the DTM (days to maturity) from a corm that has not sprouted to the finished plant for harvest?Starhistory22 (talk) 08:21, 5 May 2017 (UTC)