Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF4 gene.[5][6][7]

TAF4
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesTAF4, TAF2C, TAF2C1, TAF4A, TAFII130, TAFII135, TATA-box binding protein associated factor 4, TAFII-135, TAFII-130, TAF(II)135, TAF(II)130
External IDsOMIM: 601796; MGI: 2152346; HomoloGene: 55723; GeneCards: TAF4; OMA:TAF4 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_003185

NM_001081092

RefSeq (protein)

NP_003176

NP_001074561

Location (UCSC)Chr 20: 61.95 – 62.07 MbChr 2: 179.55 – 179.62 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

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Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the larger subunits of TFIID that has been shown to potentiate transcriptional activation by retinoic acid, thyroid hormone and vitamin D3 receptors. In addition, this subunit interacts with the transcription factor CREB, which has a glutamine-rich activation domain, and binds to other proteins containing glutamine-rich regions. Aberrant binding to this subunit by proteins with expanded polyglutamine regions has been suggested as one of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying a group of neurodegenerative disorders referred to as polyglutamine diseases.[7]

Interactions

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TAF4 has been shown to interact with:

Protein domain

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TAF4
 
crystal structure of the human taf4-taf12 (tafii135-tafii20) complex
Identifiers
SymbolTAF4
PfamPF05236
InterProIPR007900
SCOP21h3o / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures:
Pfam  structures / ECOD  
PDBRCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsumstructure summary

Yeast TFIID comprises the TATA binding protein and 14 TBP-associated factors (TAFIIs), nine of which contain histone-fold domains (INTERPRO). The C-terminal region of the TFIID-specific yeast TAF4 (yTAF4) containing the HFD shares strong sequence similarity with Drosophila (d)TAF4 and human TAF4. A structure/function analysis of yTAF4 demonstrates that the HFD, a short conserved C-terminal domain (CCTD), and the region separating them are all required for yTAF4 function. This region of similarity is found in Transcription initiation factor TFIID component TAF4.[12]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000130699Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000039117Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Tanese N, Saluja D, Vassallo MF, Chen JL, Admon A (1996). "Molecular cloning and analysis of two subunits of the human TFIID complex: hTAFII130 and hTAFII100". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (24): 13611–6. Bibcode:1996PNAS...9313611T. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.24.13611. PMC 19367. PMID 8942982.
  6. ^ Mengus G, May M, Carré L, Chambon P, Davidson I (July 1997). "Human TAF(II)135 potentiates transcriptional activation by the AF-2s of the retinoic acid, vitamin D3, and thyroid hormone receptors in mammalian cells". Genes Dev. 11 (11): 1381–95. doi:10.1101/gad.11.11.1381. PMID 9192867.
  7. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: TAF4 TAF4 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 135kDa".
  8. ^ Vassallo MF, Tanese N (April 2002). "Isoform-specific interaction of HP1 with human TAFII130". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (9): 5919–24. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.5919V. doi:10.1073/pnas.092025499. PMC 122877. PMID 11959914.
  9. ^ Pointud JC, Mengus G, Brancorsini S, Monaco L, Parvinen M, Sassone-Corsi P, Davidson I (May 2003). "The intracellular localisation of TAF7L, a paralogue of transcription factor TFIID subunit TAF7, is developmentally regulated during male germ-cell differentiation". J. Cell Sci. 116 (Pt 9): 1847–58. doi:10.1242/jcs.00391. PMID 12665565.
  10. ^ Bellorini M, Lee DK, Dantonel JC, Zemzoumi K, Roeder RG, Tora L, Mantovani R (June 1997). "CCAAT binding NF-Y-TBP interactions: NF-YB and NF-YC require short domains adjacent to their histone fold motifs for association with TBP basic residues". Nucleic Acids Res. 25 (11): 2174–81. doi:10.1093/nar/25.11.2174. PMC 146709. PMID 9153318.
  11. ^ Brand M, Moggs JG, Oulad-Abdelghani M, Lejeune F, Dilworth FJ, Stevenin J, Almouzni G, Tora L (June 2001). "UV-damaged DNA-binding protein in the TFTC complex links DNA damage recognition to nucleosome acetylation". EMBO J. 20 (12): 3187–96. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.12.3187. PMC 150203. PMID 11406595.
  12. ^ Thuault S, Gangloff YG, Kirchner J, Sanders S, Werten S, Romier C, Weil PA, Davidson I (November 2002). "Functional analysis of the TFIID-specific yeast TAF4 (yTAF(II)48) reveals an unexpected organization of its histone-fold domain". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (47): 45510–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M206556200. PMID 12237303.

Further reading

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