The Neotropical tortoise beetle tribe Spilophorini comprises two genera, Calyptocephala Chevrolat, 1836 (12 species) and Spilophora Boheman, 1850 (18 species).[1] Biological information is limited but the life cycle includes six larval instars (contrasting with five instars in other tortoisebeetles) and the larvae construct a shield of their cast skins (exuviae, exoskeleton).[2][3][4]

Spilophorini
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Chrysomelidae
Subfamily: Cassidinae
Tribe: Spilophorini
Chapuis, 1875

References

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  1. ^ Borowiec L, and J. Świętojańska. 2002–2021. World Catalog of Cassidinae, Wrocław, Poland. URL http://www.cassidae.uni.wroc.pl/katalog%20internetowy/index.htm
  2. ^ Chaboo, C.S., S. Adam, K. Nishida, L. Schletzbaum. 2023. Architecture, construction, retention, and repair of fecal shields in three tribes of tortoise beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Cassidinae: Cassidini, Mesomphaliini, Spilophorini). ZooKeys Special Issue, Research on Chrysomelidae 9. ZooKeys 1177: 87–146. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1177.102600
  3. ^ Córdova-Ballona, L. & S. Sánchez-Soto. 2008. Bionomics data and descriptions of the immatures of Calyptocephala gerstaeckeri Boheman (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), pest of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis J.) and camedor palm (Chamaedorea elegans Mart.) (Arecaceae) in Tabasco, Mexico. Neotropical Entomology 37(6):674–680.
  4. ^ Nishida, K., L. Ferrufino-Acosta, & C.S. Chaboo. 2020. A new host plant family for Cassidinae s.l.: Calyptocephala attenuata (Spaeth, 1919) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Spilophorini) on Smilax (Smilacaceae) in Costa Rica. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 96(4): 263–267.