Wikipedia

Secular Progressive Alliance

Not to be confused with Secular Proggresive Front (2002-2012), Secular Progressive Front, Secular Democratic Alliance, or Secular Democratic Forces.

Secular Progressive Alliance formerly known as Democratic Progressive Alliance is an alliance of Indian political parties formed by the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK).

Secular Progressive Alliance
AbbreviationSPA
Chairperson
FounderM. Karunanidhi
FoundedApril 2006
Preceded byDMK-led Alliance
IdeologyBig tent
Factions:
Social democracy[1]
Secularism[2]
Communism[3]
Marxism[4]
Political positionCentre-left to left-wing
ECI StatusNot Required
AllianceINDIA (National)
Seats in Lok Sabha
39 / 40
Seats in Rajya Sabha
12 / 19
Seats in State Legislative Assemblies
157 / 234

(Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly)

8 / 33
(Puducherry Legislative Assembly)
Number of states and union territories in government
1 / 31

History edit

The alliance was known as the Democratic Progressive Alliance 2006–2009 and 2014–2016. It became the Secular Progressive Alliance in 2019.

Indian general elections edit

Tamil Nadu edit

  Lok Sabha Elections in Tamil Nadu
Duration Election Year Allied parties Seats won
United Progressive Alliance
2004-2013 2009 DMK, INC, VCK, IUML
27 / 39
Democratic Progressive Alliance
2013-2016 2014 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu[5] DMK, VCK, IUML, MMK, PT
0 / 39
United Progressive Alliance
2016-2023 2019 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu DMK, VCK, IUML, CPI(M), CPI, MDMK, KMDK, IJK
38 / 39
Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
2023-Present 2024 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu DMK, VCK, IUML, CPI(M), CPI, MDMK, KMDK, MNM TBA

Puducherry edit

  Lok Sabha Elections in Puducherry
Duration Election Year Allied parties Seats won
United Progressive Alliance
2004-2013 2009 DMK, INC, VCK, IUML
1 / 1
Democratic Progressive Alliance
2013-2016 2014 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu[6] DMK, VCK, IUML, MMK, PT
0 / 1
United Progressive Alliance
2016-2023 2019 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu DMK, VCK, IUML, CPI(M), CPI, MDMK, KMDK, IJK
1 / 1
Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
2023-Present 2024 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu DMK, VCK, IUML, CPI(M), CPI, MDMK, KMDK, MNM TBA

State legislative assembly elections edit

Tamil Nadu edit

  State Legislative Assembly Elections in Tamil Nadu
Duration Election Year Allied parties Seats won
Democratic Progressive Alliance
2004-2006 2006 DMK, INC, PMK, IUML, CPI(M), CPI, PBK, Forward Bloc (Vallarasu)
163 / 234
Democratic Progressive Alliance
2006-2011 2011 DMK, INC, PMK, IUML, VCK, KMK, MMK, PMK
31 / 234
Democratic Progressive Alliance
2011-2016 2016 DMK, INC, IUML, VCK, MMK, PT, PMK, TPWP, SSP
98 / 234
Secular Progressive Alliance
2016-2021 2021 DMK, INC, IUML, VCK, CPI, CPI(M), MMK, MDMK, PMK, KMDK, AIFB, TVK, MVK, ATP
159 / 234

Puducherry edit

  State Legislative Assembly Elections in Puducherry
Duration Election Year Allied parties Seats won
United Progressive Alliance
2004-2006 2006 DMK, INC, PMK, CPI
20 / 30
United Progressive Alliance
2006-2011 2011 DMK, INC, PMK, VCK
9 / 30
United Progressive Alliance
2011-2016 2016 INC, DMK
18 / 30
Secular Progressive Alliance
2016-2021 2021 INC, DMK, IUML, VCK, CPI, Independent
9 / 30

Members edit

Tamil Nadu edit

Main article: 16th Tamil Nadu Assembly
Party Abbr. Ideology Seats
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam DMK Dravidianism
132 / 234
Indian National Congress INC Social liberalism
17 / 234
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi VCK Anti-casteism and Anti-classism
4 / 234
Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPIM Marxism-Leninism
2 / 234
Communist Party of India CPI Marxism–Leninism
2 / 234
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam MDMK Dravidianism No Seats
Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi KMDK Indigenism
1 / 234
[a]
Manithaneya Makkal Katchi MMK Social democracy
2 / 234
[b]
Makkal Needhi Maiam MNM Social Equality No Seats
Indian Union Muslim League IUML Social Conservatism No Seats
Aam Aadmi Party AAP Populism and Secularism No Seats
Tamizhaga Vazhvurimai Katchi TVK Populism
1 / 234
[c]
Moovendar Munnetra Kazhagam MMK No Seats
Tamil Nadu Peasants and Workers Party TNPWP No Seats
Manithaneya Jananayaga Katchi MJK Social democracy No Seats
Makkal Viduthalai Katchi MVK No Seats
Aathi Tamizhar Peravai ATP Ambedkarism No Seats
Samathuva Makkal Kazhagam SMK No Seats
Mukkulathor Pulipadai MP No Seats

Puducherry edit

Main article: 15th Puducherry Assembly
Party Abbr. Ideology Seats
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam DMK Dravidianism
6 / 30
Indian National Congress INC Social liberalism
2 / 30
Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPIM Marxism-Leninism No Seats
Communist Party of India CPI Marxism–Leninism No Seats

Withdrawals edit

Political Party State Date Reason for Withdrawal
Puratchi Bharatham Katchi Tamil Nadu 2011 Seat Share problem in 2011 Tamil Nadu Assembly election
Pattali Makkal Katchi Tamil Nadu 2014 Allied with NDA
Social Democratic Party of India Tamil Nadu 2015 Declared to Withdraw from DMK
Kongunadu Munnetra Kazhagam Tamil Nadu 2019 Allied with AIADMK
Puthiya Tamilagam Tamil Nadu 2019 Allied with ADMK
Perunthalaivar Makkal Katchi Tamil Nadu 2019 Allied with AIADMK
Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi

Tamil Nadu

2021 Allied with Makkal Needhi Maiyam
All India Forward Bloc Tamil Nadu 2024 Allied with AIADMK
Indian National League Tamil Nadu 2024 Allied with AIADMK

The Left parties defected to the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK)-led front in 2009 after it withdrew support to the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance coalition in the Centre.

The Pattali Makkal Katchi withdrew support in 2008 over differences with the DMK but it still remained in the Congress-led UPA in the Centre. But after differences of seat sharing before the 15th Lok Sabha, it withdrew support to the UPA also and crossed over to the AIADMK-led front.

The Manithaneya Makkal Katchi was formed in 2009 by the Tamil Nadu Muslim Munnetra Kazagham and immediately joined the DPA. But before the Lok Sabha elections, its demand for two Lok Sabha seats and one Rajya Sabha seat was turned down by the DMK who offered them a lone Lok Sabha seat. The MMK withdrew from the DPA and as of now tied up with small parties like actor Sarath Kumar-led Akila Indiya Samathuva Makkal Katchi, the Puthiya Tamilzhagam and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

Governments edit

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ But considered as DMK MLA
  2. ^ But considered as DMK MLA
  3. ^ But considered as DMK MLA

References edit

  1. ^ "Dravida Munnetra Kazgham (DMK)". Business Standard India. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  2. ^ Soper, J. Christopher; Fetzer, Joel S. (2018). Religion and Nationalism in Global Perspective. Cambridge University Press. pp. 200–210. ISBN 978-1-107-18943-0.
  3. ^ Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-199-97489-4.
  4. ^ "Party constitution". India: All India Forward Bloc. 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  5. ^ "DMK-led Democratic Progressive Alliance to mobilise people under 'secular front'". The Economic Times. 5 March 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
  6. ^ "DMK-led Democratic Progressive Alliance to mobilise people under 'secular front'". The Economic Times. 5 March 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
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