San José Church (Spanish: Iglesia de San José), located in Old San Juan within the historic colonial zone of the capital of Puerto Rico, is one of the first significant works of architecture on the island.[1][2] The church is one of the earliest surviving examples of 16th-century Spanish Gothic architecture in the Western hemisphere.[3][4]
San José Church | |
 | |
| Location | San Juan Antiguo, San Juan, Puerto Rico |
|---|---|
| Built | 1528 |
| Architectural style | Gothic |
| Restored | 2002, 2021 |
| Part of | Old San Juan Historic District (ID72001553 & ID13000284) |
| Significant dates | |
| Designated CP | October 10, 1972 |
| Designated NHLDCP | February 27, 2013 |
In 2013 it was added to the National Trust for Historic Preservation's list of 11 Most Endangered Historic Places of 2013.[5]
History
editThe church was constructed from 1528 to 1735 by the Dominican Order as part of the Saint Aquinas Monastery. It was renamed by the Jesuits who took over the monastery on September 2, 1858.[6]
Juan Ponce de León, the first governor of Puerto Rico, was buried in the crypt of the church from 1559 to 1836, when his remains were exhumed and later transferred to the Cathedral of San Juan Bautista.[3] However, his coat of arms is still located near the main altar. His grandson, Juan Ponce de Leon II is buried in the crypt beneath the Sanctuary's floor. Puerto Rican painter José Campeche is also buried in the church.
In 1972, the 15th-century painting Our Lady of Bethlehem disappeared from the church. In 2002, a restoration project on the structure began and several painted murals were discovered including a mid-19th century depiction of the Battle of Lepanto.[7] In 2004, the church was listed on the 2004 World Monuments Watch by the World Monuments Fund, which helped the conservation effort.[8]
Restoration of the church was completed in March 2021.[9]
Gallery
edit-
Front view in 1933 -
Exterior view in 1933 -
Gothic interior, photo of 1933 -
South facade in 1933 -
View of the church in 1933
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Pariser, Harry S (June 2002). Explore Puerto Rico. ISBN 1-893643-52-2.
- ^ "Iglesia San Jose" (PDF). AMERICAN EXPRESS WORLD MONUMENTS WATCH GRANT SELECTION, APRIL 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-27. Retrieved 2009-05-19.
- ^ a b Vazquez, Doris M. "Spain in Puerto Rico: The Early Settlements". Yale University. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
- ^ Marvel, Thomas S.; Moreno, María Luisa (January 1994). Architecture of parish churches in Puerto Rico. La Editorial, UPR. pp. 80–81. ISBN 978-0-8477-2118-4.
- ^ "11 Most Endangered Places 2013 | National Trust for Historic Preservation".
- ^ Felices Sanchez, Fernando Benicio (2005). "Iglesia de San José". Revista del Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña Segunda serie, Año 6 número 11. 2005. San Juan, Puerto Rico: Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña. pp. 10–19. Retrieved August 7, 2023.
- ^ Silva, Cynthia L. (January 2006). "A Technical Study of the Mural Paintings of the Interior Dome of the Capilla de la Virgen del Rosario, Iglesia San José, San Juan, Puerto Rico". Theses (Historic Preservation). University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
- ^ World Monuments Fund - San José Church
- ^ "Puerto Rico to reopen historic church after long restoration". Yahoo. Retrieved 2021-03-12.
External links
edit- Images and drawings from the Historic American Engineering Record.