SMC1B is essential for meiosis in which it has 3 main roles.[13] SMC1B is known to be involved in the fusion of chromosomes during meiosis in both homologous and non-homologous chromosomes.[13] SMC1B develops the axial elements (AE) found in synaptonemal complexes in association with other cohesin proteins REC8 and SMC3 as well as AE proteins SCP2 and SCP3.[14][15] Sister chromatid cohesion in meiosis is supplied by SMC1B.[13] SMC1B can also protect telomeres from damage, something that SMC1A has not been shown to be capable of.[16] Additionally, in somatic cells SMC1B associates with SMC3 and RAD21 in a mitotic cohesin complex which had been thought to only include SMC1α.[17][18] Depletion of SMC1B in somatic cells showed dysregulation of some gene expression.[17]
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus and the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection.[19] HPV-16 and HPV-18 are responsible for most cases of cervical cancer from HPV.[20] SMC1B has increased expression in HPV(+) cases.[21] HPV recruits SMC1 along with a transcriptional factor, CTCF, to enable replication of the virus's genome. SMC1 is crucially important to the regulation of the virus life cycle.[20]
SMC1B protects genetic stability from ultraviolet and infrared radiation.[18] Altered expression of SMC1B can cause DNA damage repair to fail that then causes genome instability.[18] Expression of SMC1B higher or lower than normal is associated with certain cancers. Meiotic subunits STAG3 and REC8 are also expressed with SMC1B in cancers.[22] High expression of SMC1B can be associated with pancreatic cancers and ovarian cancer, while low expression increases the risk of cancer progression due to low genetic stability.[18]
^Garcia-Cruz R, Brieño MA, Roig I, Grossmann M, Velilla E, Pujol A, et al. (September 2010). "Dynamics of cohesin proteins REC8, STAG3, SMC1 beta and SMC3 are consistent with a role in sister chromatid cohesion during meiosis in human oocytes". Human Reproduction. 25 (9): 2316–2327. doi:10.1093/humrep/deq180. PMID20634189.
Prieto I, Tease C, Pezzi N, Buesa JM, Ortega S, Kremer L, et al. (2004). "Cohesin component dynamics during meiotic prophase I in mammalian oocytes". Chromosome Research. 12 (3): 197–213. doi:10.1023/B:CHRO.0000021945.83198.0e. PMID15125634. S2CID411379.
Lee J, Iwai T, Yokota T, Yamashita M (July 2003). "Temporally and spatially selective loss of Rec8 protein from meiotic chromosomes during mammalian meiosis". Journal of Cell Science. 116 (Pt 13): 2781–2790. doi:10.1242/jcs.00495. PMID12759374. S2CID11040339.
Harrington JJ, Sherf B, Rundlett S, Jackson PD, Perry R, Cain S, et al. (May 2001). "Creation of genome-wide protein expression libraries using random activation of gene expression". Nature Biotechnology. 19 (5): 440–445. doi:10.1038/88107. PMID11329013. S2CID25064683.
