Richard de Lucy,[2] Luci,[citation needed] Lucie,[3] or Lusti[3] (1089 – 14 July 1179), also known as Richard the Loyal,[4] was first noted as High Sheriff of Essex, after which he was made Chief Justiciar of England.

Richard de Lucy
Chief Justiciar of England
In office
1154 – 1178 or 1179
MonarchHenry II
Preceded byRobert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester
Succeeded byRanulf de Glanvill
Sheriff of Essex
In office
1156–1157
Personal details
Born1089
Died14 July 1179
Lesnes Abbey, Kent
SpouseRohese
ChildrenGeoffrey de Lucy, Godfrey de Lucy, Maud de Lucy, Alice de Lucy, Aveline de Lucy[1]

Life

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The De Lucy family took its surname from Lucé in southern Normandy, then still held by the English kings. Richard inherited from his father estates in Norfolk, Suffolk, Kent, and Normandy.[5] His mother was Aveline, the niece and heiress of William Goth. In the charter for Sées Cathedral in February 1130–31 Henry I refers to Richard de Lucy and his mother, Aveline. His brother, Walter de Luci, was abbot of Battle Abbey.[6] De Lucy's wife, Rohese, who is named in several documents, was possibly a sister of Faramus de Boulogne.[7] Rohese and Faramus were children of William de Boulogne who was the son of Geoffrey fitz Eustace (son of Eustace II, Count of Boulogne) and Beatrice, daughter of Norman magnate Geoffrey de Mandeville.

An early reference to the family refers to the render by Henry I of the lordship of Diss, Norfolk to Richard de Lucy, Governor of Falaise, Normandy, after defending it with great valour and heroic conduct when besieged by Geoffrey, Earl of Anjou.

In 1153–4 De Lucy was granted Chipping Ongar, Essex by William, son of King Stephen and his wife, Maud of Boulogne. He may have built the motte-and-bailey Ongar Castle, although it is also attributed to Eustace II Count of Boulogne (c. 1015 – c. 1087). Richard de Lucy was appointed Sheriff of both Essex and Hertfordshire for 1156.

 
The ruins of Lesnes Abbey, in Bexley, south-east London

When Henry II came to the throne in 1154, De Lucy was made Chief Justiciar of England jointly with Robert de Beaumont, Earl of Leicester. When de Beaumont died in 1168, De Lucy continued to hold the office in his own right.[8] One of the members of his household was Roger fitzReinfrid, the brother of Walter de Coutances. Roger became a royal judge and later donated land to Lesnes Abbey in Kent, which had been founded by De Lucy.[9]

He resigned his office between September 1178 and Easter of 1179,[8] and retired to Lesnes Abbey, where, three months later on 14 July 1179, he died and was buried.

Legacy

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Richard's son Godfrey de Lucy entered the clergy and became bishop of Winchester (1189–1204). Richard's eldest son Geoffrey de Lucy predeceased him and Geoffrey's two sons Geoffrey and Richard died without children early in the reign of Richard I (r. 1189–1199).[5] This led to protracted litigation over his estate between Richard and Geoffrey's daughters that lasted until the reign of Henry III (r. 1216–1272).[5]

References

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Citations

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  1. ^ Turner "Exercise of the King's Will" Albion p. 400
  2. ^ Amt (2004).
  3. ^ a b Lysons & Lysons (1814).
  4. ^ Enc. Brit. (1911).
  5. ^ a b c Turner (1989), p. 163.
  6. ^ Knowles The Monastic Order in England p. 589
  7. ^ Richardson, D. (2011) Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study ... p. 202 (via Google)
  8. ^ a b Powicke & Fryde 1961, p. 69.
  9. ^ Keats-Rohan 1999, p. 942.

Bibliography

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  • "Richard de Lucy", Encyclopaedia Britannica, vol. XVII (11th ed.), New York: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1911, p. 111.
  • Amt, Emilie (2004), "Richard de Lucy", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Keats-Rohan, Katharine (1999). Domesday Descendants: A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents, 1066–1166: Pipe Rolls to Cartae Baronum. Ipswich: Boydell Press. ISBN 0-85115-863-3.
  • Lysons, Daniel; Lysons, Samuel (1814), "Principal Landholders", Magna Britannia, vol. III, London: T. Cadwell & W. Davies, pp. lxiv–lxxii.
  • Powicke, F. Maurice; Fryde, E. B. (1961), Handbook of British Chronology (2nd ed.), London: Royal Historical Society.
  • Turner, Ralph V. (1989), "The Mandeville Inheritance, 1189–1236: Its Legal, Political, and Social Context", The Haskins Society Journal, vol. I, Ronceverte: Hambledon Press, pp. 147–172, ISBN 978-1-85285-031-9.
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Political offices
Preceded by Chief Justiciar
jointly with
Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester until 1168

1154 – c. 1179
Succeeded by