Rhinobatos is a genus of fish in the Rhinobatidae family.[1] Although previously used to encompass all guitarfishes, it was found to be polyphyletic,[2] and recent authorities have transferred many species included in the genus to Acroteriobatus, Glaucostegus, and Pseudobatos.[3]
| Rhinobatos Temporal range: Tithonian to Present
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|---|---|
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| Rhinobatos rhinobatos | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Subclass: | Elasmobranchii |
| Order: | Rhinopristiformes |
| Family: | Rhinobatidae |
| Genus: | Rhinobatos H. F. Linck, 1790 |
Species
editThe 20 currently recognized species in this genus are:[2][3]
- Rhinobatos albomaculatus Norman, 1930 (White-spotted guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos annandalei Norman, 1926 (Annandale's guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos austini Ebert & Gon, 2017 (Austin’s guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos borneensis Last, Séret & Naylor, 2016 (Borneo guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos formosensis Norman, 1926 (Taiwan guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos holcorhynchus Norman, 1922 (Slender guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos hynnicephalus J. Richardson, 1846 (Ringstreaked guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos irvinei Norman, 1931 (Spineback guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos jimbaranensis Last, W. T. White & Fahmi, 2006 (Jimbaran shovelnose ray)[4]
- Rhinobatos lionotus Norman, 1926 (Smoothback guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos manai W. T. White, Last & Naylor, 2016 (Papuan guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos nudidorsalis Last, Compagno & Nakaya, 2004 (Bareback shovelnose ray)[5]
- Rhinobatos penggali Last, W. T. White & Fahmi, 2006 (Indonesian shovelnose ray)[4]
- Rhinobatos punctifer Compagno & J. E. Randall, 1987 (Spotted guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos ranongensis Last, Séret & Naylor, 2019 (Ranong guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos rhinobatos Linnaeus, 1758 (Common guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos sainsburyi Last, 2004 (Goldeneye shovelnose ray)
- Rhinobatos schlegelii J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841 (Brown guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos thouiniana (Shaw, 1804) (Shaw's shovelnose guitarfish)
- Rhinobatos whitei Last, Corrigan & Naylor, 2014 (Philippine guitarfish)[6]
Extinct species
edit
Species within this genus include:[7]
- †Rhinobatos bruxelliensis Jaekel 1894
- †Rhinobatos casieri Herman 1975
- †Rhinobatos grandis Davis 1887
- †Rhinobatos hakelensis Capetta 1980
- †Rhinobatos incertus Cappetta 1973
- †Rhinobatos intermedius Davis 1887
- †Rhinobatos latus Davis 1887
- †Rhinobatos maronita Pictet and Humbert 1866
- †Rhinobatos primarmatus Woodward 1889
- †Rhinobatos sahnii Sahni and Mehrotra 1981
- †Rhinobatos steurbauti Cappetta and Nolf 1981
- †Rhinobatos tenuirostris Davis 1887
- †Rhinobatos whitfieldi Hay 1903
†Rhinobatos beurleni Silva Santos 1968 moved into its own genus, Iansan.[8]
Fossil record
editThese fishes lived from the Tithonian age to Present (from 150 to 0 million years ago). Fossils have been found in Brazil, Europe, Africa, Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, India and United States.
Gallery
edit
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Wilga, C.D.; Motta, P.J. (1998). "Feeding mechanism of the Atlantic guitarfish Rhinobatos lentiginosus: Modulation of kinematic and motor activity". Journal of Experimental Biology. 201 (23): 3167–3184. doi:10.1242/jeb.201.23.3167. PMID 9808831.
- ^ a b Naylor, G.J.P.; Caira, J.N.; Jensen, K.; Rosana, K.A.M.; Straube, N.; Lakner, C. (2012). "Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives". In Carrier, J.C.; Musick, J.A.; Heithaus, M.R. (eds.). Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species (2 ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. pp. 31–56.
- ^ a b Peter Last; William White; Marcelo de Carvalho; Bernard Séret; Matthias Stehmann; Gavin Naylor, eds. (2016). Rays of the World. CSIRO. ISBN 9780643109148.
- ^ a b Last, P.R.; White, W.T.; Fahmi (2006). "Rhinobatos jimbaranensis and R. penggali, two new shovelnose rays (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from eastern Indonesia". Cybium. 30 (3): 261–271.
- ^ Last, P.R.; Compagno, L.J.V.; Nakaya, K. (2004). "Rhinobatos nudidorsalis, a new species of shovelnose ray (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from the Mascarene Ridge, central Indian Ocean". Ichthyological Research. 51 (2): 153–158. Bibcode:2004IchtR..51..153L. doi:10.1007/s10228-004-0211-0. S2CID 32090559.
- ^ Last, P.R.; Corrigan, S.; Naylor, G. (2014). "Rhinobatos whitei, a new shovelnose ray (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from the Philippine Archipelago". Zootaxa. 3872 (1): 31–47. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3872.1.3. PMID 25544069.
- ^ Paleobiology Database
- ^ Brito, Paulo; Leal, Maria (2013-07-18). "A NEW LOWER CRETACEOUS GUITARFISH (CHONDRICHTHYES, BATOIDEA) FROM THE SANTANA FORMATION, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL". Boletim do Museu Nacional.