The red-throated parakeet (Psittacara rubritorquis), called red-throated conure in aviculture[4], is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots.[5] It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.[1]
| Red-throated parakeet | |
|---|---|
| |
| At a nature reserve near Copan, Honduras | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Psittaciformes |
| Family: | Psittacidae |
| Genus: | Psittacara |
| Species: | P. rubritorquis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Psittacara rubritorquis (Sclater, PL, 1887)
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Psittacara holochlorus rubritorquis[3] | |
Taxonomy and systematics edit
The red-throated parakeet was originally described as Conurus rubritoquis.[6] It was later placed in genus Aratinga and from approximately 2013 has been in its present genus Psittacara.[7][8]
The International Ornithological Committee and BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World treat the red-throated parakeet as a full, monotypic, species.[5][9] The Clements taxonomy and the American Ornithological Society consider it to be a subspecies of the green parakeet (P. holochlorus).[3][10]
Description edit
The red-throated parakeet is about 28 cm (11 in) long. The sexes are alike. Adults are generally green that is paler and yellower on their underparts. Their throat and upper breast have variable amounts of orange-red Their underwing coverts are yellowish green and the undersides of their flight feathers and tail are olive-yellow. Their iris is orange-red surrounded by bare pale beige skin, their bill horn colored, and their legs and feet brownish. Juveniles are similar but many have little or no red.[11][12]
Distribution and habitat edit
The red-throated parakeet is found from eastern Guatemala south through Honduras and El Salvador into northern Nicaragua. It inhabits several forest types but favors highland pine forest. It also occurs in cities and towns. In elevation it generally ranges between 800 and 2,600 m (2,600 and 8,500 ft).[11][12][1]
Behavior edit
Movement edit
Some nonbreeding red-throated parakeets disperse from the highlands to lower elevations.[11]
Feeding edit
The red-throated parakeet forms flocks of up to 100 individuals.[11] Its diet has not been fully documented but is known to include seed and fruits.[12]
Breeding edit
The red-throated parakeet's breeding season has not been defined but appears to vary geographically. It nests in tree cavities. The clutch size is four eggs. The incubation period, time to fledging, and details of parental care are not known.[12]
Vocalization edit
The red-throated parakeet's calls are described as similar to those of the Pacific parakeet (P. strenuus) but higher pitched. That species' flight call is rendered as "kreh!-kreh!-kreh!-kreh!...". Its perched call is lower pitched, "a scratchy kreeh-kreeh-kreeh-kreei-kreei".[11]
Status edit
The IUCN has assessed the red-throated parakeet as being of Least Concern. It has a fairly large range, and though its population size is not known it is believed to be stable. No immeditate threats have been identified.[1]
References edit
- ^ a b c d BirdLife International (2016). "Red-throated Parakeet Psittacara rubritorquis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22729157A95008068. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22729157A95008068.en. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
- ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
- ^ a b Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2022. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved November 10, 2022
- ^ "Red-throated Conure (Psittacara rubritorquis)". World Parrot Trust. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
- ^ a b Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (January 2023). "Parrots, cockatoos". IOC World Bird List. v 13.1. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
- ^ Sclater, P.L. (1886). "On an apparently new Parrot of the Genus Conurus living in the Society's Gardens". Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London: 538–539. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
- ^ R. Terry Chesser, Kevin J. Burns, Carla Cicero, Jon L. Dunn, Andrew W. Kratter, Irby J. Lovette, Pamela C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., Douglas F. Stotz, and Kevin Winker. "Fifty-ninth supplement to the American Ornithological Society’s Check-list of North American Birds". The Auk 2019, vol. 136:1-23 retrieved April 5, 2023
- ^ Remsen, James V.; Urantówka, Adam (2013). "Divide Aratinga into four genera". AOS South American Classification Committee. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
- ^ HBW and BirdLife International (2022) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 7. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v7_Dec22.zip retrieved December 13, 2022
- ^ Chesser, R. T., S. M. Billerman, K. J. Burns, C. Cicero, J. L. Dunn, B. E. Hernández-Baños, R. A. Jiménez, A. W. Kratter, N. A. Mason, P. C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., D. F. Stotz, and K. Winker. 2022. Check-list of North American Birds (online). American Ornithological Society. https://checklist.aou.org/taxa
- ^ a b c d e Fagan, Jesse; Komar, Oliver (2016). Field Guide to Birds of Northern Central America. Peterson Field Guides. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 224–225. ISBN 978-0-544-37326-6.
- ^ a b c d Eitniear, J. C., N. Collar, C. J. Sharpe, and P. F. D. Boesman (2020). Green Parakeet (Psittacara holochlorus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.grnpar.01 retrieved April 5, 2023