Quercygale ("weasel from Quercy") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct family Quercygalidae within clade Carnivoraformes, that lived in Europe during the early to late Eocene.[7][8] Phylogenetic analysis of the basicranial morphology of carnivoramorphans suggests Quercygale is the most advanced member of clade Carnivoraformes as a sister taxon to crown group Carnivora, predating the split between Feliformia and Caniformia,[9][10][11] although another recent study has proposed genus Quercygale should be placed as a stem group within Feliformia.[12]
| Quercygale Temporal range: Early to Late Eocene
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|---|---|
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| skull of species Quercygale angustidens | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Clade: | Pan-Carnivora |
| Clade: | Carnivoramorpha |
| Clade: | Carnivoraformes |
| Family: | †Quercygalidae Kretzoi, 1945[1] |
| Genus: | †Quercygale Kretzoi, 1945 |
| Type species | |
| †Quercygale angustidens Filhol, 1872
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| Species | |
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[see classification]
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| Synonyms | |
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synonyms of genus:
synonyms of species:
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Taxonomy edit
| Species: | Distribution of the species and type locality: | Age: |
|---|---|---|
| †Q. angustidens (Filhol, 1872)[4] |  France (Quercy Phosphorites and Sables Du Castrais)
|
40.0–37.5 Ma |
| †Q. hastingsae (Davies, 1884)[13] |  UK (Headon Bedes)
|
37.8–37.5 Ma |
| †Q. helvetica (Rütimeyer, 1862)[14] | France Germany Switzerland
|
47.8–41.2 Ma |
| †Q. smithi (Solé, 2014)[10] | France (Mutigny and Mancy)
|
55.2–47.8 Ma |
| †Q. sp. [MNNA 9010] (Astibia, 2000)[15] |  Spain (Basque Country)
|
37.0–35.0 Ma |
References edit
- ^ Miklos Kretzoi (1945) "Bemerkungen über das Raubtiersystem." Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, Budapest, vol. 38, pp. 59–83.
- ^ Gérard de Beaumont (1965.) "Les Viverravinae (Carnivora, Miacidae) de l’Eocène de la Suisse." Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 69:133–146.
- ^ Depéret C. (1917.) "Monographie de la faune de mammiféres fossiles du Ludien inférieur d'Euget-les-Bains (Gard)." Ann. Univ. Lyon (N. S.), Div. 1, 40, 1–288.
- ^ a b Filhol, H (1872). "Recherches sur les mammifères fossiles des dépots de phosphate de chaux dans les départements du Lot, du Tarn et de Tarn−et− Garonne". Annales des Sciences Géologiques. 3: 1–31.
- ^ Van Valen, Leigh (1965). "Some European Proviverrini (Mammalia, Deltatheridia)" (PDF). Palaeontology. 8: 638–665.
- ^ Donald E. Russell, Jean-Louis Hartenberger, Charles Pomerol, Sevket Sen, Norbert Schmidt-Kittler and Monique Vianey-Liaud (1982.) "Mammals and stratigraphy: the Paleocene of Europe" Palaeovertebrata Vol. 12
- ^ McKenna, Malcolm C.; Bell, Susan K. (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11012-9.
- ^ "Quercygale". www.paleodb.org. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
- ^ Wesley-Hunt, G. D.; Werdelin, L. (2005). "Basicranial morphology and phylogenetic position of the upper Eocene carnivoramorphan Quercygale". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 50 (4): 837–846.
- ^ a b Solé, Floréal (2014). "New carnivoraforms from the early Eocene of Europe and their bearing on the evolution of the Carnivoraformes". Palaeontology. 57 (5): 963–978. Bibcode:2014Palgy..57..963S. doi:10.1111/pala.12097. ISSN 1475-4983. S2CID 129314381.
- ^ Flink, T.; Werdelin, L. (2022). "Digital endocasts from two late Eocene carnivores shed light on the evolution of the brain at the origin of Carnivora". Papers in Palaeontology. 8 (2): e1422. Bibcode:2022PPal....8E1422F. doi:10.1002/spp2.1422. S2CID 247465166.
- ^ Tomiya, Susumu; Tseng, Zhijie Jack (2016). "Whence the beardogs? Reappraisal of the Middle to Late Eocene 'Miacis' from Texas, USA, and the origin of Amphicyonidae (Mammalia, Carnivora)". Royal Society Open Science. 3 (10): 160518. Bibcode:2016RSOS....360518T. doi:10.1098/rsos.160518. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 5098994. PMID 27853569.
- ^ Davies, W. (1884). "Notes on some new carnivores from the British Eocene formations". Geological Magazine NS, Decade III. 1 (10): 433–438. Bibcode:1884GeoM....1..433D. doi:10.1017/s0016756800185802. S2CID 131595417.
- ^ Rütimeyer, L. (1862.) "Eocaene Säugetiere aus dem Gebiet des Schweizerischen Jura." Neue Denkschriften der allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 19, 1–98.
- ^ H. Astibia, A. Aranburu, X. Pereda Suberbiola, X. Murelaga, C. Sesé, M. A. Cuesta, S. Moyà-Solà, J. E. Baceta, A. Badiola and M. Köhler (2000.) "Un nouveau site à vertébrés continentaux de l'Éocène supérieur de Zambrana (Bassin de Maranda-Treviño, Alava, Pays basque)." Géobios 32(2):233-248
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