Qiong Prefecture (Hainan)

Not to be confused with Qiong Prefecture (Sichuan).

Qiongzhou or Qiong Prefecture was a zhou (prefecture) in imperial China in modern northeastern Hainan, China. It existed from 631 to 1329, but between 742 and 758 it was known as Qiongshan Commandery (also translated as Qiongshan Prefecture).

Qiong Prefecture (瓊州) Qiongshan Commandery (瓊山郡)
Population
• 740s or 750s	Unknown, 649 households
• 1070s or 1080s	Unknown, 8,963 households
History
• Created	631 (Tang dynasty)
• Abolished	1329 (Yuan dynasty)
• Succeeded by	Qianning Tribal Pacification Commission (乾寧軍民安撫司)
Contained within
• Circuit	Tang dynasty: Lingnan Circuit Song dynasty: Guangnan Circuit Guangnan West Circuit

Qiong Prefecture
Traditional Chinese	瓊州
Simplified Chinese	琼州
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Qióng Zhōu
Qiongshan Commandery
Traditional Chinese	瓊山郡
Simplified Chinese	琼山郡
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Qióngshān Jùn

Counties

In the Tang dynasty, Qiong Prefecture administered the following counties (縣):

• Qiongshan (瓊山), roughly modern Haikou
• Lingao (臨高), roughly modern Lingao County
• Lehui (樂會), roughly modern Qionghai
• Zengkou (曾口), roughly modern Chengmai County
• Yanluo (顏羅), roughly modern southern Haikou or Ding'an County

Yanluo was abolished late in the Tang dynasty, while Zengkou was abolished by Southern Han. In the Song dynasty, Qiong Prefecture again administered 5 counties, including:

• Qiongshan
• Lingao
• Lehui
• Chengmai (澄邁), roughly modern Chengmai County
• Wenchang (文昌), roughly modern Wenchang

References

• Shi Weile, ed. (2005). Zhongguo Lishi Diming Da Cidian (中国历史地名大词典) [Large Dictionary of Chinese Historical Place Names] (in Chinese). China Social Sciences Press. ISBN 7-5004-4929-1.
• (in Chinese) Ouyang Xiu; et al., eds. (1060). Xin Tang Shu [New Book of Tang].
• (in Chinese) Toqto'a; et al., eds. (1345). Song Shi [History of Song].