- 1847 – Birth of impressionist painter Max Liebermann
- 1866 – Death of mathematician Bernhard Riemann
- 1932 – The cabinet of Prussia is dismissed in the Preußenschlag
- 1933 – The Reichskonkordat between Germany and the Vatican is signed
- 1934 – Birth of writer Uwe Johnson
- 1944 – 20 July plot by German military leaders to assassinate Adolf Hitler (Operation Valkyrie)