PetitionOnline was the first widely known Internet petition service[1] that allowed users to create and sign petitions. It went live in 1999,[1] was acquired by Change.org in 2011 and shut down in 2014.
Type of site | Internet petition |
|---|---|
| Dissolved | 2014 |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Owner | Change.org, Inc. |
| Created by | Artifice, Inc. |
| URL | www.petitiononline.com |
| Launched | 1999 |
| Current status | Shutdown September 30, 2014 |
History
editIt was launched and trademarked in 1999 by Artifice, Inc.,[2][3][4] a private 3D modeling software company launched and led by Kevin Michael Matthews,[5] a professor at the University of Oregon during the 1990s.[6][7][8] By the end of February 2000, Matthews had included and trademarked the site's slogan: "This is the marketplace of free ideas".[9]
In 2011, the service was acquired by Change.org.[10] It underwent a design change on October 30, 2011.[11][12]
On September 30, 2014, PetitionOnline shut down citing increased costs of web hosting and development.[13]
Functioning
editA petition that gathered a required number of signatures could be delivered by its creator to its intended recipient, usually by e-mail. According to the site itself, as of October 29, 2011 it had collected over 93 million signatures.[12] By October 2000, the petitions were grouped into eight thematic categories, four of which were explicitly political: "Politics and Government – USA", "Politics and Government – International", "Politics and Government – State", "Politics and Government – Local", "Entertainment and Media", "Environment", "Religion", and "Technology & Business".[14][12]
In the news
editSome of the site's petitions received outside attention for the issues they have stood for. The site claimed that its first official response to a hosted petition was from the "Dissatisfied Web TV Consumer Petition", in which Dennis Reno, senior director of Web TV customer service, responded to the claims of low-quality service.[15] In January 2002, CNN wrote a formal apology to the National Association of Muslim Women, which posted the "Petition to Correct the Negative Portrayal of Muslim Women in CNN Program Coverage" on the PetitionOnline site in December 2001, over perceived offensive comments made by Leon Harris during the TalkBack Live program.[16] Later that year, the New York Post promoted a PetitionOnline-hosted petition asking the ABC television network to keep country singer Toby Keith in its 2002 Independence Day special over the controversy regarding Keith's song "The Angry American".[17]
In 2004, the petition "iBook Logic Board Failure" was part of the coverage over a threatened lawsuit against Apple Computer over defective iBook laptops.[18] In 2005, the petition "Support for Nathan Warmack's Right to Wear his Kilt" received attention for the issue of the mentioned high school student's right to wear a kilt to a school dance in Jackson High School in Jackson, Missouri.[19] In 2007, the petition "Filipino Americans demand for apology from ABC and Desperate Housewives" received media attention after the American television series Desperate Housewives included a line said to be bigoted against Filipinos.[20]
Other claims of success through hosted online petitions include the introduction of Sci-Fi Channel Australia and the stopping of the possible closure of the San Francisco Japantown.[21]
Criticism
editSome of the petitions hosted on the site have cause the credibility of the site to be questioned.[22][23] One petition, titled "Let's Save America - Ban Anime Now!" is an example of a hoax petition that was easily created on PetitionOnline, intended to demonstrate the unmonitored oversight of petitions on the site.[24]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Ronzhyn 2016, p. 2.
- ^ Kevin Matthews, Privacy Statement for PetitionOnline, PetitionOnline, archived from the original on 9 May 2008
- ^ "Www4.PetitionOnline.com", September 11 Web Archive, Library of Congress, retrieved 13 May 2024
- ^ Julie Katz (20 July 2010), 8 online petition tools: How to make a difference, SocialBrite
- ^ Kevin Matthews (2001), Creative Tools and Media for Spatial Design, Artifice, Inc., archived from the original on 2001-03-11
- ^ Kevin Matthews (2001), Kevin Matthews, Design Laboratory, archived from the original on 2001-04-08
- ^ Graber Goodwin, W. Fletcher (14 August 2000), Matthews v. Oregon State Board of Higher Education University of Oregon (2000), United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
- ^ "Profiles in Computing... Architecture's Kevin Matthews" (PDF), Computing News, 7 (2): 1–2, November 1991
- ^ "www.PetitionOnline.com provides free online hosting of public petitions for responsible public advocacy". PetitionOnline. Archived from the original on 29 February 2000.
- ^ Change.org, Activist Facts, retrieved 13 May 2024
- ^ The Marketplace for Free Ideas, PetitionOnline, archived from the original on 30 October 2011
- ^ a b c PetitionOnline.com provides free online hosting of public petitions for responsible public advocacy, PetitionOnline, archived from the original on 29 October 2011
- ^ PetitionOnline (2014), Goodbye and thank you! (PDF)
- ^ www.PetitionOnline.com provides free online hosting of public petitions for responsible public advocacy, PetitionOnline, archived from the original on 3 October 2000
- ^ Reno, Dennis. "Re: Dissatisfied Web TV Consumer Petition". PetitionOnline. Archived from the original on December 18, 2000. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
- ^ Bunda, Susan (2002-01-11). "Re: Petition to Correct the Negative Portrayal of Muslim Women in CNN Program Coverage". Petitiononline.com. Archived from the original on 2002-04-08. Retrieved 2017-05-09.
- ^ "Wail on Jennings". New York Post. 2002-06-26. Archived from the original on July 19, 2002.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) The mentioned petition is Support Toby Keith and The Angry American Song - ^ "Apple users threaten to sue computer maker". CNN. Reuters. 2004-01-01. Retrieved 2007-12-15. The mentioned petition is iBook Logic Board Failure
- ^ "Kilt-wearing teen seeks dress code change". MSNBC. Associated Press. 2005-12-22. Archived from the original on March 12, 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-25. The petition mentioned was Support for Nathan Warmack's Right to Wear his Kilt.
- ^ "Desperate Housewives producers say sorry to Pinoys". Philippine Star. 2007-10-05. Retrieved 2017-05-09. The mentioned petition was "Filipino Americans demand for apology from ABC and Desperate Housewives" by Kevin Nadal
- ^ "Some PetitionOnline Success Stories". Petition Online. Archived from the original on 2011-10-04.
- ^ Mikkelson, Barbara; Mikkelson, David P. (2007-10-20). "Starving Dog Art". Snopes. Retrieved 2007-12-15.
- ^ Mikkelson, Barbara; Mikkelson, David P. (2008-01-05). "Ban on Gay Marriages". Snopes. Retrieved 2008-02-12.
- ^ Bundy, Rebecca (2005-02-04). "The Great Online Petition". Hey Answerman!. Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 2005-03-02. Retrieved 2024-06-16.
Bibliography
edit- Ronzhyn, Alexander (2016), The Analysis of the Technological Platforms for E-Participation in Transition Economies of Ukraine and Russia, Social Science Research Network, p. 1–12, doi:10.2139/ssrn.3002536