Peleg is a son of the legendary ancestor, Eber, of the Israelites.
Peleg also may refer to:
- Peleg (name), and real people bearing it
Institutions in Rhode Island named for people bearing the given name:
- Peleg Arnold Tavern, in North Smithfield, built around 1690
- Peleg Champlin House, historic house in New Shoreham
- Capt. Peleg, Moby Dick fictional character, retired ship-captain and "fighting"-Quaker part-owner of whaling ship
- Peleg Yerushalmi, Hebrew name for Jerusalem Faction, an Israeli political organization