Palantla Chinantec, also known as Chinanteco de San Pedro Tlatepuzco, is a major Chinantecan language of Mexico, spoken in San Juan Palantla and a couple dozen neighboring towns in northern Oaxaca. The variety of San Mateo Yetla, known as Valle Nacional Chinantec, has marginal mutual intelligibility.
| Palantla Chinantec | |
|---|---|
| Tlatepuzco Chinantec | |
| Native to | Mexico |
| Region | Oaxaca |
| Ethnicity | Chinantecs |
Native speakers | 25,000 (2007)[1] |
Oto-Mangue
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:cpa – Palantla Chinanteccvn – Valle Nacional Chinantec |
| Glottolog | pala1351 Palantlavall1253 Valle Nacional |
| ELP | Lower Central Chinantec |
Phonology edit
Vowels edit
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||
| Close | i | ɯ | u | |
| Mid | ɛ | ɤ | o | |
| Open | a | |||
Close vowels /i u/ typically are articulated as more open [ɪ ʊ] and are realized as more closed when represented by different tones. The close back vowel /ɯ/ tends to be articulated as [ə] when present in vowel clusters following /u/, or when preceding the /j/ consonant, and may also have a higher central sound. The mid back vowel /ɤ/ tends to be articulated as [ɜ] or [ɨ] when preceding a /w/ consonant. The low central vowel /a/ tends to be realized as [ɐ] following /i/ when one of the consonants /t l n/ occurs.
Each vowel can be nasalized as /ĩ ɯ̃ ũ ɛ̃ ɤ̃ õ ã/. The language is unusual in having, for some speakers, a three-way contrast between non-nasalized, lightly nasalized, and heavily nasalized vowels.[4]
Stress tones may include either high or low /v́ v̀/ tones.[5][2]
Consonants edit
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | ʔ | |
| voiced | b | d | ɡ | |||
| Affricate | voiceless | t͡s | ||||
| voiced | d͡z | |||||
| Fricative | ɸ | s | h | |||
| Approximant | w | l | j | |||
| Rhotic | r | |||||
References edit
- ^ Palantla Chinantec at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Valle Nacional Chinantec at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ a b Merrifield, William R. 1968. Palantla Chinantec grammar. Papeles de la Chinantla 5, Serie Científica 9.México: Museo Nacional de Antropología. [1]
- ^ Merrifield, William R. and Alfred E. Anderson. 2007. Diccionario Chinanteco de la diáspora del pueblo antiguo de San Pedro Tlatepuzco, Oaxaca. [2nd Edition]. Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves” 39. Mexico DF: Summer Linguistic Institute. [2].
- ^ Juliette Blevins (2004). Evolutionary Phonology: The Emergence of Sound Patterns. Cambridge University Press. p. 203.
- ^ Merrifield, William R. (1963). Palantla Chinantec Syllable Types. Anthropological Linguistics Vol. 5, No. 5: Anthropological Linguistics. pp. 1–16.
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