Ottawa—Vanier (federal electoral district)

Ottawa—Vanier
Ontario electoral district
	Ottawa—Vanier in relation to other electoral districts in Ottawa
Coordinates:	45°26′N 75°39′W / 45.433°N 75.650°W
Federal electoral district
Legislature	House of Commons
MP	Mona Fortier; Liberal
;
District created	1933
First contested	1935
Last contested	2021
District webpage	profile, map
Demographics
Population (2011)	110,999
Electors (2015)	82,040
Area (km²)	41
Pop. density (per km²)	2,707.3
Census division(s)	Ottawa
Census subdivision(s)	Ottawa

Ottawa—Vanier (formerly known as Ottawa East) is a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1935. Previous to that date, it was part of the Ottawa electoral district that returned two members.

The riding generally corresponds to the wards of Beacon Hill-Cyrville, Rideau-Rockcliffe and Rideau-Vanier.

The riding became vacant because of the death of incumbent MP Mauril Bélanger on August 16, 2016. Mona Fortier was elected in the byelection to fill the seat on April 3, 2017.^[2]

The riding, with a large Franco-Ontarian population in Vanier, is one of the most solidly Liberal in the country, having elected Liberals both federally and provincially in every election since its creation. In fact, the previous electoral district which comprises most of the constituency, Russell, had been solidly Liberal since 1887. The riding is home to many civil servants.

Political geography

About 15% of the riding is in the former city of Vanier, which was amalgamated into Ottawa in 2001. Vanier has long been home to much of Ottawa's francophone population, a group that has traditionally been solidly Liberal. The riding also contains the wealthiest part of Ottawa, the former village Rockcliffe Park, which has supported both the Conservatives, and the Liberals in recent elections. The anglophone middle class neighbourhoods of Sandy Hill, containing the University of Ottawa, and New Edinburgh also tend to vote Liberal, but with significant support for the New Democratic Party. In 2011, the NDP won Sandy Hill, Lower Town, Vanier and in Overbrook. The Conservatives won in the more suburban parts of the riding like in Beacon Hill and Pineview.

Geography

In 2003, it was redefined as the part of the City of Ottawa east and north of a line running south along the Rideau Canal from the interprovincial boundary to Mann Avenue, northeast to Nicholas Street, southeast to Highway 417, and east to the abandoned Canadian Pacific Railway to the hydroelectric transmission line, north to Innes Road, northeast to Blair Road, northwest to Montreal Road, east and northeast to Regional Road 174, northeast to Green's Creek, north to the Ottawa River.

Demographics

According to the 2021 Canadian census^[3]

Ethnic groups: 60.2% White, 14.5% Black, 5.5% Indigenous, 5.2% Arab, 3.6% South Asian, 2.8% Chinese, 1.9% Latin American, 1.6% Filipino, 1.5% West Asian

Languages: 47.1% English, 23.5% French, 4.2% Arabic, 1.9% Spanish, 1.3% Mandarin

Religions: 53.8% Christian (33.5% Catholic, 3.1% Anglican, 2.0% United Church, 1.8% Christian Orthodox, 1.1% Pentecostal, 12.3% Other), 9.5% Muslim, 32.8% None

Median income: $42,400 (2020)

Average income: $57,600 (2020)

History

The federal riding was created as "Ottawa East" in 1933 from parts of Ottawa and Russell ridings.

It initially consisted of, in the city of Ottawa, Rideau, Ottawa, By, St. Georges wards and the northeast part of Riverdale Ward, the town of Eastview, and the village of Rockcliffe Park.

In 1947, it was redefined to exclude the town of Eastview. In 1952, it was redefined to consist of the village of Rockcliffe Park, and the eastern parts of the city of Ottawa. In 1966, it was redefined to include the City of Eastview and exclude the village of Rockcliffe Park.

The name of the electoral district was changed in 1973 to "Ottawa—Vanier".

In 1976, it was redefined to consist of the City of Vanier, and the eastern parts of the city of Ottawa. In 1987, it was redefined to consist of the City of Vanier, the eastern part of the city of Ottawa, part of the city of Gloucester and the Village of Rockcliffe Park. In 1996, the Ottawa and Gloucester parts of the riding were redefined.

In 2003, it was given its current boundaries that are described above.

Following the Canadian federal electoral redistribution, 2012, the riding gained the neighbourhood of Beacon Hill South from Ottawa—Orléans.

Following the 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, this riding will be renamed Ottawa—Vanier—Gloucester at the first election held after approximately April 2024.^[4] It will gain Blackburn Hamlet from Orléans and will lose a small territory south of Innes Road to Prescott—Russell—Cumberland.

Members of Parliament

This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

Parliament	Years		Party
Ottawa East Riding created from Ottawa and Russell
18th	1935–1936	Edgar-Rodolphe-Eugène Chevrier	Liberal
18th	1936–1940	Joseph-Albert Pinard
19th	1940–1945	Joseph-Albert Pinard
20th	1945–1949	Jean-Thomas Richard
21st	1949–1953
22nd	1953–1957
23rd	1957–1958
24th	1958–1962
25th	1962–1963
26th	1963–1965
27th	1965–1968
28th	1968–1972
29th	1972–1974	Jean-Robert Gauthier
Ottawa—Vanier
30th	1974–1979	Jean-Robert Gauthier	Liberal
31st	1979–1980
32nd	1980–1984
33rd	1984–1988
34th	1988–1993
35th	1993–1994
35th	1995–1997	Mauril Bélanger
36th	1997–2000
37th	2000–2004
38th	2004–2006
39th	2006–2008
40th	2008–2011
41st	2011–2015
42nd	2015–2016
42nd	2017–2019	Mona Fortier
43rd	2019–2021
44th	2021–present

Election results

Graph of election results in Ottawa—Vanier/Ottawa East (since 1940, minor parties that never got 2% of the vote or didn't run consistently are omitted)

Ottawa—Vanier—Gloucester

2021 federal election redistributed results^[5]
Party		Vote	%
	Liberal	30,441	49.00
	New Democratic	14,451	23.26
	Conservative	12,757	20.54
	People's	1,981	3.19
	Green	1,892	3.05
	Others	599	0.96

Ottawa—Vanier

v t e 2021 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Mona Fortier	28,462	49.0	-2.2	$92,344.95
	New Democratic	Lyse-Pascale Inamuco	13,703	23.6	+2.4	$38,377.14
	Conservative	Heidi Jensen	11,611	20.0	+2.6	$16,774.67
	People's	Jean-Jacques Desgranges	1,855	3.2	+1.5	$0.00
	Green	Christian Proulx	1,816	3.1	-4.4	$8,354.08
	Libertarian	Daniel Elford	248	0.4	–	$0.00
	Free	Crystelle Bourguignon	179	0.3	–	$2.00
	Independent	Marie-Chantal TaiEl Leriche	157	0.3	–	$0.00
Total valid votes/Expense limit			58,031	–	–	$117,527.01
Total rejected ballots			576
Turnout			58,607	65.80
Eligible voters			89,069
Source: Elections Canada^[6]

v t e 2019 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Mona Fortier	32,679	51.2	0	$76,159.78
	New Democratic	Stéphanie Mercier	13,516	21.2	-7.5	none listed
	Conservative	Joel Bernard	11,118	17.4	+2	$18,239.00
	Green	Oriana Ngabirano	4,796	7.5	+4.2	$8,669.23
	People's	Paul Durst	1,064	1.7		$6,338.44
	Rhinoceros	Derek Miller	229	0.4		$0.00
	Independent	Joel Altman	211	0.3		$281.93
	Communist	Michelle Paquette	115	0.2		$496.90
	Independent	Daniel James McHugh	94	0.1		$0.00
	Marxist–Leninist	Christian Legeais	59	0.1		$0.00
Total valid votes/expense limit			63,881	100.0
Total rejected ballots			699
Turnout			64,580	71.0
Eligible voters			91,015
	Liberal hold		Swing		+3.75
Source: Elections Canada^[7]^[8]

v t e Canadian federal by-election, April 3, 2017 Death of Mauril Bélanger
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Mona Fortier	15,190	51.20	−6.37
	New Democratic	Emilie Taman	8,523	28.73	+9.48
	Conservative	Adrian Paul Papara	4,578	15.43	−3.68
	Green	Nira Dookeran	987	3.33	+0.26
	Independent	John Turmel	153	0.52
	Libertarian	Damien Wilson	137	0.46	−0.33
	Independent	Christina Wilson	99	0.33
Total valid votes/expense limit			29,667	100.0	–
Total rejected ballots				-
Turnout
Eligible voters			86,998
	Liberal hold		Swing		−7.91
Source: Elections Canada^[9]^{[failed verification]}

2015 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Mauril Bélanger	36,474	57.57	+19.47	$163,698.89
	New Democratic	Emilie Taman	12,194	19.25	-9.43	$123,293.39
	Conservative	David Piccini	12,109	19.11	-8.84	$74,698.91
	Green	Nira Dookeran	1,947	3.07	-1.99	$8,775.54
	Libertarian	Coreen Corcoran	503	0.79	–	$747.12
	Marxist–Leninist	Christian Legeais	128	0.2	-0.03	–
Total valid votes/Expense limit			63,355	100.0		$219,479.72
Total rejected ballots			418	–	–
Turnout			63,773	–	–
Eligible voters			83,570
Source: Elections Canada^[10]^[11]

2011 federal election redistributed results^[12]
Party		Vote	%
	Liberal	21,417	38.10
	New Democratic	16,126	28.68
	Conservative	15,711	27.95
	Green	2,843	5.06
	Marxist–Leninist	122	0.22

2011 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Mauril Bélanger	20,009	38.17	-8.03
	New Democratic	Trevor Haché	15,391	29.36	+12.30
	Conservative	Rem Westland	14,184	27.06	-0.22
	Green	Caroline Rioux	2,716	5.18	-3.40
	Marxist–Leninist	Christian Legeais	122	0.23	-0.02
Total valid votes/Expense limit			52,422	100.00
Total rejected ballots			316	0.60	+0.07
Turnout			52,738	68.24	+4.20

2008 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Mauril Bélanger	23,948	46.20	+3.89	$79,668
	Conservative	Patrick Glémaud	14,138	27.28	-1.39	$53,405
	New Democratic	Trevor Haché	8,845	17.06	-4.75	$30,040
	Green	Akbar Manoussi	4,447	8.58	+1.98	$3,842
	Independent	Robert Larter	227	0.44	–
	Marxist–Leninist	Christian Legeais	130	0.25	+0.04
	Canadian Action	Michel St-Onge	100	0.19	–	$149
Total valid votes/Expense limit			51,835	100.00	$85,605
Total rejected ballots			277	0.53
Turnout			52,112	64.04
	Liberal hold		Swing	+2.64

2006 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Mauril Bélanger	23,567	42.31	-6.86
	Conservative	Paul Benoit	15,970	28.67	+4.48
	New Democratic	Ric Dagenais	12,145	21.81	+3.27
	Green	Raphaël Thierrin	3,675	6.60	-0.27
	Progressive Canadian	James C. Parsons	221	0.40
	Marxist–Leninist	Alexandre Legeais	117	0.21	-0.28
Total valid votes			55,695	100.00
	Liberal hold		Swing	-5.67

2004 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Mauril Bélanger	25,952	49.17	-6.40
	Conservative	Kevin Friday	12,769	24.19	-6.95
	New Democratic	Ric Dagenais	9,787	18.54	+9.83
	Green	Raphaël Thierrin	3,628	6.87	+4.62
	Marijuana	Carol Taylor	558	1.06	-0.45
	Marxist–Leninist	Françoise Roy	85	0.49	+0.34
Total valid votes			52,779	100.00

Note: Conservative vote is compared to the total of the Canadian Alliance vote and Progressive Conservative vote in 2000 election.

2000 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Mauril Bélanger	26,749	55.57	-6.30
	Alliance	Nestor Gayowsky	7,590	15.77	+5.97
	Progressive Conservative	Stephen Woollcombe	7,400	15.37	+1.77
	New Democratic	Joseph Zebrowski	4,194	8.71	-3.28
	Green	Adam Sommerfeld	1,083	2.25	+0.94
	Marijuana	Raymond Turmel	728	1.51
	Natural Law	Pierrette Blondin	187	0.39	-0.27
	Canadian Action	Raymond Samuéls	131	0.27
	Marxist–Leninist	Kim Roberge	74	0.15	-0.13
Total valid votes			48,136	100.00

Note: Canadian Alliance vote is compared to the Reform vote in 1997 election.

1997 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Mauril Bélanger	30,728	61.87	+1.14
	Progressive Conservative	Luc Edmund Barrick	6,754	13.60	+3.92
	New Democratic	David Gagnon	5,952	11.99	+5.57
	Reform	Roy Grant	4,868	9.80	-10.76
	Green	Richard Guy Briggs	651	1.31
	Natural Law	Roger Bouchard	330	0.66	+0.10
	Independent	César Antonio Bello	241	0.49
	Marxist–Leninist	Robert Rival	138	0.28	-0.03
Total valid votes			49,662	100.00

v t e Canadian federal by-election, February 13, 1995
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Mauril Bélanger	11,918	60.06	−10.41	$52,001
	Reform	Kevin Gaudet	4,034	20.33	+12.44	$36,995
	Progressive Conservative	Françoise Guenette	1,899	9.57	−0.96	$30,933
	New Democratic Party	Bob Lawson	1,259	6.34	−0.16	$5,764
	Christian Heritage	Gilles Gauthier	299	1.51		$1,751
	Green	Frank de Jong	218	1.10	−0.24	$0
	Natural Law	Ian A.G. Campbell	109	0.55	−0.35	$131
	Marxist-Leninist	Serge Lafortune	61	0.31	+0.02	$136
	Abolitionist	John Turmel	46	0.23	+0.17	$0
Total valid votes			19,843	100.00
Total rejected ballots			201
Turnout			20,004	30.39	−32.04
Electors on the lists			65,824

1993 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Jean-Robert Gauthier	31,216	70.46	+11.25
	Progressive Conservative	Marie-Christine Lemire	4,486	10.13	-13.07
	Reform	Sam Dancey	3,553	8.02
	New Democratic	Willie Dunn	2,935	6.62	-9.36
	Green	Frank de Jong	606	1.37
	National	Raymond Samuels	497	1.12
	Independent	David Talbot	429	0.97
	Natural Law	Roger Bouchard	414	0.93
	Marxist–Leninist	Serge Lafortune	138	0.31
	Abolitionist	Steven Edward White	28	0.06
Total valid votes			44,302	100.00

1988 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Jean-Robert Gauthier	28,581	59.21	+10.13
	Progressive Conservative	Gilles Guénette	11,197	23.20	-5.63
	New Democratic	Kathryn Barnard	7,712	15.98	-5.50
	Rhinoceros	Charlie le concierge McKenzie	460	0.95
	Independent	Jean-Claude Viens	256	0.53
	Independent	Louis Lang	61	0.13
Total valid votes			48,267	100.00

1984 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Jean-Robert Gauthier	21,401	49.08	-17.42
	Progressive Conservative	Michel Lamoureux	12,571	28.83	+11.03
	New Democratic	Kathryn Barnard	9,364	21.48	+7.68
	Independent	Serge Girard	265	0.61
Total valid votes			43,601	100.00

1980 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Jean-Robert Gauthier	27,564	66.50	+3.08
	Progressive Conservative	Moe Royer	7,379	17.80	-2.58
	New Democratic	Jim Stark	5,721	13.80	-2.05
	Rhinoceros	Graham Prickles Ashby	519	1.25
	Independent	Gail Dexter Lord	166	0.40
	Marxist–Leninist	Serge Lafortune	100	0.24	-0.12
Total valid votes			41,449	100.00

1979 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Jean-Robert Gauthier	28,098	63.42	-4.90
	Progressive Conservative	Moe Royer	9,098	20.38	+2.80
	New Democratic	Paul H. Michaud	7,023	15.85	+5.50
	Marxist–Leninist	Serge Lafortune	159	0.36
Total valid votes			44,378	100.00

1974 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Jean-Robert Gauthier	21,773	68.32	+5.38
	Progressive Conservative	Claude L. Choquette	5,603	17.58	-0.98
	New Democratic	Paul H. Michaud	3,298	10.35	-4.03
	Social Credit	Cyril E. Gauthier	976	3.06	-0.42
	Independent	Judith T. Haddad	114	0.36
	Independent	Edmond Irani	107	0.34
Total valid votes			31,871	100.00

Ottawa East

1972 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Jean-Robert Gauthier	20,446	62.94	-15.70
	Progressive Conservative	Gerry Valiquette	6,029	18.56	+5.98
	New Democratic	François Beaulne	4,672	14.38	+5.60
	Social Credit	Cyril E. Gauthier	1,229	3.48
	Independent	David S. White	208	0.64
Total valid votes			32,584	100.00

1968 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	J.-T. Richard	26,170	78.64	+9.25
	Progressive Conservative	Rex Le Lacheur	4,186	12.58	-6.26
	New Democratic	Ian Macdonald	2,921	8.78	-3.00
Total valid votes			33,277	100.00

1965 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	J.-T. Richard	15,107	69.39	+21.78
	Progressive Conservative	Rex Le Lacheur	4,101	18.84	+3.17
	New Democratic	Ben Coffey	2,564	11.78	+6.11
Total valid votes			21,772	100.00

1963 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	J.-T. Richard	12,043	47.61	-17.46
	Independent	Yves Parisien	6,574	25.99
	Progressive Conservative	Rex Le Lacheur	3,964	15.67	-12.11
	New Democratic	Ruth Townsend	1,433	5.67	+0.70
	Social Credit	Roger Boulanger	930	3.68	+1.50
	Independent	Laurent Bordeleau	349	1.38
Total valid votes			25,293	100.00

1962 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	J.-T. Richard	15,930	65.07	+3.65
	Progressive Conservative	Jean-Pierre Beaulne	6,801	27.78	-7.47
	New Democratic	Marc Llanos	1,216	4.97	+2.92
	Social Credit	Wilfrid H. Rigney	534	2.18	+0.90
Total valid votes			24,481	100.00

Note: NDP vote is compared to CCF vote in 1958 election. Communist vote is compared to Labour-Progressive vote in 1958 election.

1958 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	J.-T. Richard	17,161	61.42	-9.66
	Progressive Conservative	R.-D. Chenier	9,850	35.25	+12.04
	Co-operative Commonwealth	William A. Layman	573	2.05	-0.37
	Social Credit	Raymond Berthiaume	357	1.28	-2.01
Total valid votes			27,941	100.00

1957 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	J.-T. Richard	18,216	71.08	-3.64
	Progressive Conservative	Eleanor Blackburn	5,947	23.21	+2.68
	Social Credit	Raymond Berthiaume	843	3.29
	Co-operative Commonwealth	William A. Layman	620	2.42	-2.13
Total valid votes			25,626	100.00

1953 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	J.-T. Richard	19,863	74.72	+4.72
	Progressive Conservative	Arthur Beauchesne	5,511	20.53	+2.11
	Co-operative Commonwealth	W. Victor O'Brien	1,209	4.55	-0.02
Total valid votes			26,583	100.00

1949 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	J.-T. Richard	20,895	70.00	+20.52
	Progressive Conservative	Lionel Choquette	5,499	18.42	-1.40
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Henri Robert	1,363	4.57	-2.64
	Independent	Joseph Albert Pinard	1,108	3.71	-17.00
	Independent	Edward Victor O'Meara	777	2.60
	Social Credit	Patrice Brunet	208	0.70
Total valid votes			29,850	100.00

1945 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	J.-T. Richard	15,014	49.48	+6.88
	Independent Liberal	Joseph Albert Pinard	6,284	20.71
	Progressive Conservative	Henri Saint-Jacques	6,013	19.82	-1.35
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Armand Ducharme	2,188	7.21
	Social Credit	Joseph-Ubald Dupont	374	1.23
	Independent	James-Aimé Cronier	295	0.97
	Independent	Max Feller	176	0.58
Total valid votes			30,344	100.00

Note: Progressive Conservative vote is compared to "National Government" vote in 1940 election.

1940 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Joseph Albert Pinard	12,373	42.60	+1.36
	Independent Liberal	Aurèle Chartrand	10,526	36.24
	National Government	Armand Ducharme	6,149	21.17
Total valid votes			29,048	100.00

Canadian federal by-election, 26 October 1936
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Chevrier appointed to the High Court of Justice of Ontario
	Liberal	Joseph Albert Pinard	9,726	41.24	-22.90
	Independent Liberal	William Michael Unger	6,832	28.97
	Independent	Jean Tissot	3,449	14.63	-0.68
	Independent Liberal	Cecile Gauthier-O'Regan	1,849	7.84
	Independent Liberal	Rufus Henry Parent	1,726	7.32
Total valid votes			23,582	100.00

1935 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%
	Liberal	Edgar-Rodolphe-Eugène Chevrier	16,598	64.14
	Independent	Jean Tissot	3,961	15.31
	Conservative	Lionel Choquette	3,701	14.30
	Reconstruction	Wilbert Spearman	1,617	6.25
Total valid votes			25,877	100.00

References

"Ottawa—Vanier (federal electoral district) (Code 35065) Census Profile". 2011 census. Government of Canada - Statistics Canada. Retrieved 3 March 2011.

Notes

^ ^a ^b Statistics Canada: 2011
^ Foote, Andrew (25 February 2017). "Ottawa-Vanier byelection: history will be made no matter who wins". CBC News. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (9 February 2022). "Profile table, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population - Ottawa--Vanier [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)], Ontario". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
^ "New Federal Electoral Map for Ontario".
^ "Transposition of Votes from the 44th General Election to the 2023 Representation Orders". Elections Canada. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
^ "Official Voting Results". Elections Canada. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
^ "List of confirmed candidates". Elections Canada. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
^ "Election Night Results". Elections Canada. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
^ "Report on the 2017 by-elections". Retrieved 21 November 2023.
^ Elections Canada – Confirmed candidates for Ottawa—Vanier, 30 September 2015
^ Elections Canada – Preliminary Election Expenses Limits for Candidates
^ Pundits' Guide to Canadian Elections

External links

Riding history 1933-1973 from the Library of Parliament
Riding history from 1973-present from the Library of Parliament
Map of the Riding (pdf)
Politwitter
Project Democracy
Pundits Guide
StatsCan District Profile

[ReferenceA-1] Statistics Canada: 2011

[byelection-cbc-2] Foote, Andrew (25 February 2017). "Ottawa-Vanier byelection: history will be made no matter who wins". CBC News. Retrieved 3 March 2016.

[3] Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (9 February 2022). "Profile table, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population - Ottawa--Vanier [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)], Ontario". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 9 March 2023.

[4] "New Federal Electoral Map for Ontario".

[5] "Transposition of Votes from the 44th General Election to the 2023 Representation Orders". Elections Canada. Retrieved 9 April 2024.

[6] "Official Voting Results". Elections Canada. Retrieved 2 October 2021.

[7] "List of confirmed candidates". Elections Canada. Retrieved 3 October 2019.

[8] "Election Night Results". Elections Canada. Retrieved 2 November 2019.

[9] "Report on the 2017 by-elections". Retrieved 21 November 2023.

[10] Elections Canada – Confirmed candidates for Ottawa—Vanier, 30 September 2015

[11] Elections Canada – Preliminary Election Expenses Limits for Candidates

[12] Pundits' Guide to Canadian Elections

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