Sclerolinon is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the flax family (Linaceae) containing the single species Sclerolinon digynum, which is known by the common names northwestern yellowflax[1] and yellow hard flax.[2] It is native to the western United States, where it has been recorded in Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and as far south as central California.[3] It grows in seasonally wet habitats, such as mountain meadows and vernal pools.[4]
| Sclerolinon | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Linaceae |
| Subfamily: | Linoideae |
| Genus: | Sclerolinon C.M.Rogers |
| Species: | S. digynum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Sclerolinon digynum (A.Gray) C.M.Rogers
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Linum digynum A.Gray Cathartolinum digynum A.Gray | |
It is an annual herb producing a hairless, erect stem up to 20 cm (7.9 inches) tall. The leaves are oval in shape, and the upper leaves have serrated edges. They are oppositely arranged about the stem and grow erect instead of spreading away from the stem.[5] The inflorescence is a cyme of flowers surrounded by serrated, leaflike bracts. The flower has five yellow petals in a calyx of toothed sepals.[6]
S. digynum is the only member of the Linaceae family which has both yellow flowers and serrated leaves.[6]
Classification
editS. digynum was formerly included in the genus Linum, along with many other flax plants, and many older sources refer to it as Linum digynum. The classification changed in 1966, when S. digynum was moved into its own genus due to its morphological distinctness.[7][8]
Distribution
editS. digynum has historically been found in the U.S. states of Idaho, Washington, Oregon, and California.
In Idaho it is considered rare, and possibly extirpated.[3][9] The most recent reports of S. digynum in Idaho are from the 1800s, when it was seen in Kootenai and Nez Perce counties.[9]
In Washington, S. digynum is considered sensitive[10] or threatened.[6] It occurs in the Columbia Plateau ecoregion east of the Cascade Range,[10] and has specifically been found in Spokane and Whitman counties.[1][6][5] Here it blooms from May or June through late July.[6][5]
In Oregon, it has been recorded in Marion, Linn, Benton, Klamath, Jackson, and Josephine counties.[1][2]
In California, it has been recorded in Glenn,[11] Siskiyou, Shasta, Plumas, Butte, Sierra, Amador, Calaveras, Tuolomne, Mariposa, Madera, and Fresno counties.[1] It blooms from June through August.[12]
References
edit- ^ a b c d "USDA Plants Database". plants.usda.gov. Archived from the original on 15 June 2024. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Sclerolinon digynum". OregonFlora. Archived from the original on 15 June 2024. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Washington State Sensitive Plants - Sclerolinon digynum" (PDF). wa.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 February 2012.
- ^ "USFWS National List of Plant Species that Occur in Wetlands: Oregon" (PDF). Oregon Explorer. Oregon Department of State Lands. October 2009. p. 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 June 2024.
- ^ a b c "Sclerolinon digynum - Burke Herbarium Image Collection". burkeherbarium.org. Archived from the original on 15 June 2024. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
- ^ a b c d e "Sclerolinon digynum" (PDF). wa.gov. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 June 2024. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
- ^ Rogers, C Marvin; Rogers, C. Marvin (1966). "SCLEROLINON, A NEW GENUS IN THE LINACEAE". Madroño; a West American journal of botany. 18: 181––184 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ McDill, Joshua Robert; Repplinger, Miriam; Simpson, Beryl B.; Kadereit, Joachim W. (June 2009). "The Phylogeny of Linum and Linaceae Subfamily Linoideae, with Implications for Their Systematics, Biogeography, and Evolution of Heterostyly". Systematic Botany. 34 (2): 386–405. doi:10.1600/036364409788606244. Archived from the original on 5 December 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024 – via ResearchGate.
- ^ a b "Idaho Native Plant Society Rare Plant List" (XLS). idahonativeplants.org. 12 May 2020. Archived from the original on 24 June 2022. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Washington Field Guide". fieldguide.mt.gov. Archived from the original on 15 June 2024. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
- ^ "CCH1: Detailed Specimen Label Page". Consortium of California Herbaria (CCH). Archived from the original on 4 August 2024. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
- ^ "Sclerolinon digynum". CalFlora. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
External links
edit
- Jepson Manual Treatment, UC Berkeley
- USDA Plants Profile
- Photo gallery from CalPhotos, UC Berkeley