Ninia atrata, known commonly as Hallowell's coffee snake, Hallowell's earth snake, the red-nape snake, and the South American coffee snake, is a species of small terrestrial snake in the family Colubridae. The species is native to southern Central America and northern South America.
| Ninia atrata | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Colubridae |
| Genus: | Ninia |
| Species: | N. atrata
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| Binomial name | |
| Ninia atrata (Hallowell, 1848)
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Geographic range edit
N. atrata is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.[2]
Habitat edit
The preferred natural habitats of N. atrata are forest and savanna, at altitudes from sea level to 1,000 m (3,300 ft).[1]
Diet edit
N. atrata is believed to feed on insect larvae, termites and slugs.[3][4]
Reproduction edit
References edit
- ^ a b Ibáñez R, Ines Hladki A, Jaramillo C, Ramírez Pinilla M, Renjifo J, Urbina N, Schargel W, Rivas G, Murphy J (2016). "Ninia atrata (errata version published in 2017)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T203548A115350814. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T203548A2768302.en. Downloaded on 20 March 2020.
- ^ a b c Species Ninia atrata at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
- ^ Boos, Hans E.A. (2001). The Snakes of Trinidad and Tobago. College Station, Texas: Texas A & M University Press. xvi + 270 pp. + Plates 1-48. ISBN 1-58544-116-3. (Ninia atrata, p. 116 + Plate 30).
- ^ https://sta.uwi.edu/fst/lifesciences/sites/default/files/lifesciences/documents/ogatt/Ninia_atrata%20-%20Coffee%20Snake.pdf [bare URL PDF]
Further reading edit
- Angarita-Sierra T (2017). "Ninia atrata (Hallowell 1845), Viejita". Catálogo de anfibios y reptiles de Colombia 3 (2): 30–37. (in Spanish).
- Freiberg M (1982). Snakes of South America. Hong Kong: T.F.H. Publications. 189 pp. ISBN 0-87666-912-7. (Ninia atrata, p. 104).
- Hallowell E (1845). "Description of Reptiles from South America, supposed to be new". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 2: 241–247. (Coluber atratus, new species, pp. 245–246).
- La Marca E, Esqueda LF, Manzanilla J (2004). "[Geographic Distribution:] Ninia atrata (Hallowell's Earth Snake; Culebra de Tierra; Viejita)". Herpetological Review 35 (2): 192.
- https://serpientesdevenezuela.org/ninia-atrata/
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