Nasim-e-Shomal (Persian: نسیم شمال, romanized: Nasim-e šomāl, lit. 'Northern Breeze') was a weekly newspaper that existed between September 1907 and 1933 with intervals. It was one of the publications started following the Iranian constitutional revolution in addition to others, including Sur-e Esrafil and Majalleh-ye Estebdad.[1]
| Type | Weekly |
|---|---|
| Owner(s) | Seyed Ashrafedin Hosseini |
| Founder(s) | Seyed Ashrafedin Hosseini |
| Founded | September 1907 |
| Political alignment | Independent |
| Language | Persian |
| Ceased publication | 1933 |
| Headquarters |
Sorour Soroudi describes the paper as "one-man weekly newspaper".[2] The weekly was pioneer in using poems and satire in presenting the political and social situation of Iran at that period of time and was identified with its founder and editor, Seyed Ashrafedin Hosseini, a well-known poet. Over time Seyed Ashrafedin Hosseini was called Mr. Nasim-e-Shomal.[2]
History and profile edit
The founder of Nasim-e-Shomal was an Iranian poet, Seyed Ashrafedin Hosseini, mostly known as Gilani.[3][4] The title was a reference to the Russian Revolution of 1905.[2] The paper was launched by Gilani in Rasht on 10 September 1907 soon after the Iranian constitutional revolution.[3][5] Gilani designed the paper to fight against despotism and to this end, he avoided producing a mainstream publication.[3] Instead, he covered his poems, satire and other literary work to disseminate his views in an attractive way.[3][6] His writings were also about women and their functions.[3] The paper came out weekly in Rasht until 1912 when Gilani had to move to Tehran due to the destruction of his publishing house by Russians.[3][6] In Tehran Gilani published the paper in a publishing house owned by Jewish people and continued to criticize the existing political environment through his poems.[6] During his period Nasim-e-Shomal was the most-read paper in the country selling over 4,000 copies although it was consisted of only two pages.[3] From 1925 when Reza Shah became the ruler the paper did not contain oppositional material.[7]
Nasim-e-Shomal ceased publication in 1933.[3]
Spin off edit
Following the death of Gilani the title was published by other journalists from 29 May 1934 to November 1940.[5] However, this spin off was not similar to original Nasim-e-Shomal since it became a regular newspaper without its successor's attraction and originality.[8]
References edit
- ^ Ali Gheissari. "Satire in the Iranian Constitutional Press: Introducing the Majalleh-ye Estebdat". Foundation for Iranian Studies. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ a b c Sorour Soroudi (Winter–Spring 1979). "Poet and Revolution: The Impact of Iran's Constitutional Revolution on the Social and Literary Outlook of the Poets of the Time: Part I". Iranian Studies. 12 (1/2): 32. doi:10.1080/00210867908701549.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Serhan Afacan (2021). "Between Law and Tradition: Women and Womanhood in Iran's Nasim-e Shomal". Mukaddime. 12 (1): 123. doi:10.19059/mukaddime.809094. S2CID 235534314.
- ^ Ali Asghar Kia (1996). A review of journalism in Iran: the functions of the press and traditional communication channels in the Constitutional Revolution of Iran (PhD thesis). University of Wollongong. pp. 216–220.
- ^ a b "Nasim-e šomāl". Encyclopædia Iranica.
- ^ a b c Freydoon Azadeh Tafresh (June 2005). "Seyed Ashrafeddin Gilani (Nasim-e-Shomal). A Satirical Poet in the Guise of a Journalist" (PDF). IFLA (13): 3–5.
- ^ Mahmud Farjami (2014). "Political Satire as an Index of Press Freedom: A Review of Political Satire in the Iranian Press during the 2000s". Iranian Studies. 47 (2): 219. doi:10.1080/00210862.2013.860325. S2CID 145067513.
- ^ "Religious rhetoric, the satirical communication mode and the press". Ebrary.net. Retrieved 17 August 2021.